【正文】 A.younger consumers are short of money to live their digital livesB.suppliers are trying to reduce costs and obtain money and dataC.the infrastructure is developing at a high speed in developed marketsD.financial firms want to abandon oldfashioned customers（4）The author39。s attitude towards digitalized payment is . A.favorableB.negativeC.objectiveD.indifferent【答案】 （1）D（2）C（3）B（4）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，富裕國(guó)家正在減少現(xiàn)金支付,現(xiàn)金正在因?yàn)樾枨蟮仍蛳А？偟膩?lái)說(shuō),無(wú)現(xiàn)金經(jīng)濟(jì)的未來(lái)是個(gè)好消息,但是對(duì)于電子支付人們也有一些擔(dān)憂。 （1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“Rich countries are racing to dematerialise payments.”可知, 富裕國(guó)家正競(jìng)相將支付非物質(zhì)化；再根據(jù)第三段中的“In Sweden the number of retail cash transaction per person has fallen by 80% in the past ten years.”在過(guò)去的十年中,瑞典的人均零售現(xiàn)金交易數(shù)量下降了80％。結(jié)合上下文,可知某些富裕國(guó)家比如瑞典正在減少現(xiàn)金支付,推廣不用紙幣或硬幣的支付方式,也就是電子支付方式。故選D。 （2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的“In Sweden the number of retail cash transaction per person has fallen by 80% in the past ten years.”可知在過(guò)去的十年中,瑞典的人均零售現(xiàn)金交易數(shù)量下降了80％；再根據(jù)“In China digital payments rose from 4% of all payments in 2012 to 34% in 2017.”可知在中國(guó),數(shù)字支付從2012年占所有支付的4％上升到2017年的34％。瑞典和中國(guó)的共同點(diǎn)是現(xiàn)金支付減少,電子支付比例上升,由此可推斷作者提到瑞典和中國(guó)是為了說(shuō)明數(shù)字支付正成為一種不可阻擋的趨勢(shì)。故選C。 （3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段中的 “But equally important is that suppliers such as banks and tech firms (in developed markets)... Most financial firms are keen to abandon it, or discourage oldfashioned customers with heavy fees.”可知現(xiàn)金消失的一個(gè)重要原因就是諸如銀行和科技公司（在發(fā)達(dá)市場(chǎng)）和電信公司（在新興市場(chǎng)）之類的供應(yīng)商正在開發(fā)快速,易于使用的支付技術(shù),他們可以從中提取數(shù)據(jù)和小費(fèi)。運(yùn)行現(xiàn)金經(jīng)濟(jì)背后的基礎(chǔ)架構(gòu)需要付出高昂的成本,這些基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施包括自動(dòng)取款機(jī),載有紙幣的貨車,接受硬幣的出納員。大多數(shù)金融公司都渴望放棄它,或者以高昂的費(fèi)用勸阻老式客戶。也就是供應(yīng)商為了減少成本,獲取數(shù)據(jù)和小費(fèi),開發(fā)了更便捷的支付方式,導(dǎo)致現(xiàn)金支付的減少。故選B。 （4）考查推理判斷。縱觀全文可知，,作者提到無(wú)現(xiàn)金支付即電子支付的好處,也提到電子支付引起的擔(dān)憂,對(duì)待電子支付是客觀的,故選C。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科技類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。7．閱讀理解 According to a team of researchers, an animal39。s ability to perceive(感知)time is linked to their pace of life. Our results lend support to the importance of time perception in animals where the ability to perceive time in a very short time may be the difference between life and death for fast moving creatures. mented lead author Kevin Healy from Trinity College Dublin. The study was done with a variety of animals using phenomenon based on the maximum speed of flashes of light an individual can see before the light source is seen as constant. Dogs, for example, have eyes with a refresh rate higher than humans. One example of this phenomenon at work, the authors say, is the housefly and its ability to avoid being hit. The research showed flies observe motion in a shorter time than our own eyes can achieve, which allows them to avoid being hit. Professor Graeme Ruxton of the University of St Andrews in Scotland, who worked jointly on the research project, said in a statement, Having eyes that send updates to the brain at much higher frequencies than our eyes do is of no value if the brain cannot process that information equally quickly. Thus, this work highlights the impressive abilities of even the smallest animal brains. Flies might not be deep thinkers, but they can make good decisions very quickly. In parison, the tiger beetle(虎甲蟲)runs faster than its eyes can keep up, basically being blind, which requires it to stop periodically to reevaluate its prey39。s(獵物)position. Our results suggest that time perception offers an as yet unstudied dimension along which animals can specialize and there is considerable range to study this system in more detail.（1）What is the research mentioned in the passage mainly about？ A.Pace of life of animals.B.Impressive abilities of animals.C.Lifetime of small animals.D.Time perception of animals.（2）What does Kevin Healy39。s ment mean in ？ A.The survival of fast moving animals relies on their ability to perceive time.B.Animals with quicker pace of life have better perception of time.C.The ability of animals to perceive time depends on their high moving speed.D.Animals with poor ability of time perception have a shorter life.（3）Why can houseflies avoid being hit? A.They can think very deeply before they act.B.They can process the information as quickly as they receive it.C.They can fly much faster than their eyes can keep up.D.They can send information to brain more quickly than to their eyes.（4）What will a tiger beetle have to do to catch a moving prey? A.Slow down to gain its time perception.B.Prevent itself from being blind.C.Stop occasionally to spot the prey again.D.Try to run as fast as it can.【答案】 （1）D（2）A（3）B（4）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了對(duì)動(dòng)物時(shí)間感知的研究。 （1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“According to a team of researchers，an animal39。s ability to perceive（感知）time is linked to their pace of life.”可知，據(jù)一組研究人員稱，動(dòng)物感知時(shí)間的能力與它們的生活節(jié)奏有關(guān)，由此可知，文中提到的這個(gè)研究是關(guān)于動(dòng)物的時(shí)間感知的，故選D。 （2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的“the importance of time perception in animals where the ability to perceive time in a very short time may be the difference between life and death for fast moving creatures.”可知，對(duì)于能快速移動(dòng)的動(dòng)物而言，在極短的時(shí)間內(nèi)感知時(shí)間的能力可能是生與死的區(qū)別，由此可知，Kevin Healy說(shuō)的意思是快速移動(dòng)的動(dòng)物的生存依賴于它們對(duì)時(shí)間的感知能力，故選A。 （3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中的“The research showed flies ‘observe motion in a shorter time than our own eyes can achieve，’which allows them to avoid being hit.”可知，家蠅觀察物體運(yùn)動(dòng)的時(shí)間比我們?nèi)搜鬯苓_(dá)到的時(shí)間要短，這使得它們能夠避免被擊中；再結(jié)合第五段中的“but they can make good decisions very quickly.”可知，它們可以很快做出好的決定，也就是說(shuō)它們可以盡快處理收到的信息，故選B。 （4）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“the tiger beetle（虎甲蟲）runs faster than its eyes can keep up，basically being blind，which requires it to stop periodically to reevaluate its prey39。s（獵物）position”可知，虎甲蟲的移動(dòng)比眼睛快，基本上是盲目的，這就要求它不時(shí)地停下來(lái)，重新評(píng)估獵物的位置，由此可知，為了抓住移動(dòng)的獵物，虎甲蟲需要不時(shí)地停下來(lái)確定獵物的位置，故選C。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。8．閱讀理解 Many years ago, my mother read from the bo