【正文】 selves: a bat can quickly change its direction of flight or pletely reverse it, something a bird cannot easily do可知蝙蝠與鳥的運(yùn)動不同；第三段中的Another interesting characteristic of bat flight is the way in which bats landupside down! Unlike birds which touch down on the ground or on tree branches,…再一次說明了蝙蝠與鳥運(yùn)動方式的不同。綜上所述，可知，蝙蝠與鳥運(yùn)動方式的不同是本文的主題。故選D。 （2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的 In the past it was believed that, in terms of flying mechanics, there was little difference between bats and birds. This belief was based only on assumption, however, because for years nobody had actually studied in detail how bats move their wings…This makes coordinating (協(xié)調(diào)) their limbs more difficult for bats and, as a result, they are not very good at flying over longer distances.可推斷出，過去人們認(rèn)為蝙蝠與鳥在飛行運(yùn)動方式與鳥沒有區(qū)別，最近的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，這是不正確的，故也是要糾正的，故選C。 （3）考查代詞指代。劃線部分的上下文說蝙蝠在自我調(diào)節(jié)的能力上要好得多：蝙蝠可以迅速改變飛行方向，或者完全與它（正飛行方向）相反的方向飛行，這是鳥不容易做到的。由此可知，此處的it指的是飛行的方向。故選C。 （4）考查推斷判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的Another interesting characteristic of bat flight is the way in which bats landupside down! Unlike birds which touch down on the ground or on tree branches, bats can be observed flying around and then suddenly hanging upside down from an object overhead. One downside to this landing routine is that the bats often land with some force, which probably causes pain.可知，蝙蝠飛行的另一個有趣特征是蝙蝠倒立著降落的方式！不同于那些降落在地上或樹枝上的鳥，觀察到蝙蝠可以四處飛行，然后突然倒掛在頭頂?shù)奈矬w上。這種降落方式的一個缺點(diǎn)是蝙蝠經(jīng)常用力降落，這可能會導(dǎo)致疼痛。因此蝙蝠與鳥不同，蝙蝠可以倒掛著。故選B。 【點(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及推理判斷，代詞指代和主旨大意三個題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，要求考生根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。7．閱讀理解 A robot created by Washington State University (WSU) scientists could help elderly people with dementia (癡呆) and other limitations live independently in their own homes. The Robot Activity Support System or RAS, uses sensors installed in a WSU smart home to determine where its residents are, what they are doing and when they need assistance with daily activities. It navigates (定位) through rooms and around obstacles to find people on its own, provides video instructions on how to do simple tasks and can even lead its owner to objects like their medication or a snack in the kitchen.RAS bines the convenience of a mobile robot with the activity detection technology of a WSU smart home to provide assistance in the moment, as the need for help is detected, said Bryan Minor, a postdoctoral researcher in the WSU School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science. Currently, an estimated 50 percent of adults over the age of 85 need assistance with every day activities such as preparing meals and taking medication and the annual cost for this assistance in the US is nearly $2 trillion. With the number of adults over 85 expected to triple by 2050, researchers hope that technologies like RAS and the WSU smart home will relieve some of the financial strain on the healthcare system by making it easier for older adults to live alone. RAS is the first robot researchers have tried to incorporate into their smart home environment. They recently published a study in the journal Cognitive Systems Research that demonstrates how RAS could make life easier for older adults struggling to live independently. While we are still in an early stage of development, our initial results with RAS have been promising, Minor said. The next step in the research will be to test RAS39。 performance with a group of older adults to get a better idea of what prompts, video reminders and other preferences they have regarding the robot.（1）How does RAS serve elderly people? A.Through sensors.B.Through objects.C.Through a mobile robot.D.Through their daily activities.（2）What can we know about RAS? A.It is the first robot used in daily life.B.Its function remains to be tested.C.It can locate people and do any task.D.It can cook for owners on its own.（3）What39。s Minor39。s attitude toward the future of RAS? A.Doubtful.B.Negative.C.Optimistic.D.Uncertain.（4）What can be a suitable title for the text? A.Elderly people leave the nursing home.B.Smart Home Tests first elderCare robot.C.RAS, the first robot to make home smart.D.Older adults have benefited from RAS.【答案】 （1）A（2）B（3）C（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了一款由美國華盛頓州立大學(xué)的科學(xué)家們研發(fā)的機(jī)器人，可以幫助那些癡呆或有身體缺陷的老年人在家里過上自立的生活。 （1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)章第二段中的“ The Robot Activity Support System, or RAS, uses sensors （傳感器）equipped in a WSU smart home to determine where its residents are, what they are doing and when they need assistance with daily activities”可知機(jī)器人活動支持系統(tǒng)（RAS）使用WSU智能家居中配備的傳感器（傳感器）來確定其居民在哪里，他們在做什么以及何時需要日?；顒拥膸椭?，說明傳感器起到了重大的作用，故選A。 （2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“The next step in the research will be to test RAS39。 performance…”可知，這臺機(jī)器人的表現(xiàn)還要經(jīng)過進(jìn)一步的測，說明正在測試階段，故選B。 （3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“ While we are still in an early stage of development, our initial results with RAS have been promising”可知，Minor對這款機(jī)器人的未來發(fā)展充滿信心、非常樂觀，故選C。 （4）考查主旨大意。縱觀全文可知，本文介紹了一款由美國華盛頓州立大學(xué)的科學(xué)家們研發(fā)的機(jī)器人。再根據(jù)最后一段中的“The next step in the research will be to test RAS39。 performance ”可知，機(jī)器人目前還在華盛頓州立大學(xué)的智能屋里進(jìn)行測試，故選B。 【點(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個題型的考查，是一篇科技類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，同時根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，概括歸納，從而選出正確答案。8．閱讀理解 Some things should just be mon knowledge by now. The Earth isn39。t flat. Nope, your hair and nails don39。t grow after you die. The holes at the top of Bic biro pens are there so that, if you swallow one accidentally, you can still breathe and won39。t choke to death. It39。s debatable whether that last one there is mon knowledge or not. A quick Google search of the fact, rewritte