【正文】 er she and a team of colleagues studied the early careers of 2,095 German youngsters. The team used two standardized tests to assess their volunteers. One was of personality traits, including openness, conscientiousness（認(rèn)真）and so on. The other was of attitudes, such as realistic, investigative and enterprising. They administered both tests twice—once towards the end of each volunteer39。s time at school, and then again six years later. Of the original group, 382 were on the intermediate track, from which there was a choice between the academic and vocational routes, and it was on these that the researchers focused. University beckoned for 212 of them. The remaining 170 chose vocational training and a job. When it came to the second round of tests, Dr. Golle found that the personalities of those who had gone to university had not changed significantly. Those who had undergone vocational training and then got jobs were not that much changed in personality, either—except in one crucial respect. They had bee more conscientious. That sounds like a good thing, certainly pared with the mon public image of undergraduates as a bunch of lazybones. But changes in attitude that the researchers recorded were rather worrying. In the university group, again, none were detectable. But those who had chosen the vocational route showed marked drops in interest in tasks that are investigative and enterprising in nature. And that might restrict their choice of careers. Some investigative and enterprising jobs, such as scientific research, are, indeed beyond the degreeless. But many, particularly in Germany, with its tradition of vocational training, are not. The researchers mention, for example, puter programmers and financesector workers as careers requiring these traits. If Dr. Golle is correct, and changes in attitude brought about by the very training Germany prides itself on are narrowing people39。s choices, that is indeed a matter worthy of serious consideration.（1）Which of the following can best replace beckoned for in Paragraph 2? A.Examined.B.Attracted.C.Organized.D.Recognized.（2）What can we learn from the research? A.The degreeless have not changed in personalities.B.Going to university is a mindbroadening experience.C.Working straight after school narrows people39。s minds.D.College students pride themselves on their education.（3）According to the last two paragraphs, . A.college students enjoy a very good public imageB.the undergraduates have changed significantly in attitudeC.the degreeless are much better at dealing with challenging tasksD.people show less interest in investigative jobs due to vocational training（4）What is the author39。s attitude towards the finding? A.Concerned.B.Optimistic.C.Unclear.D.Sceptical.【答案】 （1）B（2）C（3）D（4）A 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，讀大學(xué)究竟能帶給我們什么？德國蒂賓根大學(xué)的Jessika Golle 研究得到的結(jié)果和人們所期待的大有不同。 （1）考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第二段中的“Of the original group, 382 were on the intermediate track, from which there was a choice between the academic and vocational routes, and it was on these that the researchers focused. University beckoned for 212 of them. The remaining 170 chose vocational training and a job. ”原始組中有382人就讀中等學(xué)校，這些人是研究人員重點(diǎn)關(guān)注的對象。其中212名被大學(xué)錄取，剩下的170人選擇職業(yè)培訓(xùn)或參加工作。根據(jù)下文“The remaining 170 chose vocational training and a job.”從而可以猜測出beckoned for為召喚；吸引 之意。故選B。 （2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“However, it was not the case that university broadened minds. Rather, work seemed to narrow them. ”然而，大學(xué)其實(shí)并沒有開闊人們的眼界。相反，是工作使人們的思維變得狹窄了。故選C。 （3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“But those who had chosen the vocational route showed marked drops in interest in tasks that are investigative and enterprising in nature. ”可知，但是那些選擇職業(yè)培訓(xùn)的人，他們對探究型和開創(chuàng)型任務(wù)的興趣明顯下降，從而可以推斷出由于職業(yè)培訓(xùn)，人們對調(diào)查性工作的興趣降低。故選D。 （4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“If Dr. Golle is correct, and changes in attitude brought about by the very training Germany prides itself on are narrowing people39。s choices, that is indeed a matter worthy of serious consideration. ”如果Golle 的結(jié)論正確，并且由于培訓(xùn)（德國人以此為傲）而帶來態(tài)度上的變化縮小了人們的選擇，這確實(shí)是一個值得認(rèn)真考慮的問題，可以推斷出，作者對這一發(fā)現(xiàn)持關(guān)注的態(tài)度。故選A。 【點(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測和推理判斷三個題型的考查，是一篇社會類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，從而選出正確答案。8．閱讀理解 Tiny Countries You Never knew Existed Sao Tome and Principe Sao Tome and Principe off Africa39。s west coast is only 372 square miles, but it has Impressive, undamaged nature, rich in biodiverse species. The amazing needlelike volcanic peak Pico Cao Grande rises 1,000 feet into the air. The islands are home to only around 200,000 people today. San Marino Only 23 square miles with a population of just 34,000, the littleknown country of San Marino, surrounded by Italy, is the world39。s fifth smallest country. With the UNESCO World Heritage Site of Mount Titano, the country is said to be the oldest republic in the world. Dominica Dominica covers only 290 square miles, with some of the best diving in the Caribbean, including the UNESCO World Heritage Site of volcanic Morme Trois Pitons National Park. In Dominica, you39。ll see rainforests, waterfalls, and coastal views. The island is also home to the only remaining population of the Kalinago, who are part of the island39。s 74, 900 inhabitants. Kiribati This Pacific island country 33 coral islands is 313 squaremiles, but it39。s the only country in the world to fall into all four hemispheres (半球). The country39。s 109, 000 residents live in only 21 of the islands see this tropical paradise before it is no longerrising seas are threatening to swallow the country whole.（1）Which country has the smallest population? A.Sao Tome and Principe.B.San Marin.C.Dominica.D.K