【正文】 60。D.enable animals to survive more easily from dangers（3）The underlined words the change in Paragraph 4 refer to that . A.dogs became friends with humansB.wolves begin to bond with humansC.dogs and wolves are best friendsD.dogs were domesticated by humans（4）What39。s the purpose of the passage? A.To call on humans to be friendly to dogs.B.To give advice on how to get along with dogs.C.To introduce the evolution process of wild dogs.D.To explain why humans and dogs are connected.【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）A（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文為應(yīng)用文。本文主要敘述科學(xué)家解開了狗與人類的關(guān)系為何演變成今日如此這般和諧的原因之謎。（1）推理判斷題。第一段開頭When a dog looks at you with big puppydog eyes, it39。s hard for you to go away, and you may speak out “A” without hesitation. However, there39。s a reason why you find a dogs stare so ，你毫不猶豫地說“A”，不愿意離開。這是因為你覺得狗的注意力很有吸引力，狗吸引了你，說明你愛狗。故答案選B。（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段開頭的…after the pets and their owners spent half an hour together, both showed a rise in oxytocin (催產(chǎn)素). One key role of this hormone in many animals is to promote bonding, …寵物和主人在一起半個小時，人與狗身上的催產(chǎn)素就會增加了。這種激素在許多動物中的關(guān)鍵作用就是促進關(guān)系。說明，催產(chǎn)系可以幫助動物加強聯(lián)系，提升關(guān)系。故答案選C。（3）推理判斷題。第三、四兩段給狗催產(chǎn)素，它們注視主人時間更長。但是只有母狗會如此，所以給狗催產(chǎn)素后，狗的反應(yīng)不一樣。這些實驗的結(jié)果可能有助于解決一個古老的問題：現(xiàn)代狗的可怕狼祖先是如何變成人類最好的朋友的？從事這項研究的動物科學(xué)家Takefumi Kikusui認(rèn)為，這種變化就是狗最初成為家畜時發(fā)生的變化。由此可推斷出，這種變化就是狗由令人害怕的狼祖先變成人類最好的朋友。分析選項可知，故答案選A。（4）主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，本文解釋了狗與人類的關(guān)系如何演變成今天的如此和諧的朋友關(guān)系的原因。分析選項可知D項（解釋人類和狗連系的原因）符合題意，故答案選D?！军c評】閱讀理解題主旨大意及段落大意解題技巧：位于段首：一般而言，以演繹法撰寫的文章，主題句往往在文章的開頭，即先點出主題，然后圍繞這一主題作具體的陳述。位于段尾：有些文章會在開頭列舉事實, 然后通過論證闡述作者的核心論點。位于段中：有時段落是先介紹背景和細(xì)節(jié)，接著用一句綜合或概括性的話概括前面所說的內(nèi)容或事例，然后再圍繞主題展開對有關(guān)問題的深入討論。首尾呼應(yīng)：主題句在段落的開頭和結(jié)尾兩個位置上先后出現(xiàn)，形成前呼后應(yīng)的格局。8．閱讀理解 Resorts of every kind have sprung up to cater to the Englishman need to spend a part of the year, however briefly, by the seaside. No town in Britain is more than eighty miles from the sea and there are seaside resorts all around the coast. On a summer Sunday most of the roads that lead to the sea axe congested with cars full of people eager to get a breath of sea air. In the evening when everyone is full of food, icecream and lollypops, there is the long slow drive home on roads crowded with returning cars. Brighton Brighton is one of the bestknown south coast resorts and is very popular for day trip excursions. It is only fifty miles from London and can be reached by fast train in an hour. At the weekend the pebbled beaches are thronged with people sunbathing or picking their way to the water39。s edge for a dip. Bournemouth Located a hundred miles from London, the beaches are wide and sandy. White Houses line the cliff tops and narrow valleys, densely wooded with pine trees, reach down to the shore. The area near to the town of Torquay on the Devon coast is sometimes called Britains Riviera and the climate is so mild that palm trees grow along the sea front. Blackpool On the northwest coast, a popular resort for the people in the industrial north, Blackpool is a gay, noisy town, famous for its amusement facilities and the magical lights. At night people travel from miles around to see the extravaganza of lights decorating the sea front. Southend On the east coast at the mouth of the Thames, Southend is, like Brighton, one of the favorite resorts of Londoners. The pier here is the longest in Britain and offers a great variety of differing entertainments.（1）Why do people often have a long slow drive home on roads in summer? A.Because it is extremely far from the sea.B.Because people are full of food, icecream and lollypops.C.Because too many returning cars often make a traffic jam.D.Because people are attracted in the resorts so they leave slowly.（2）Which resort is famous for its entertainments and grand lights? A.Blackpool.B.Bournemouth.C.Briton.D.Southend.（3）Which of the following statements is NOT true? A.There are palm trees growing near Bournemouth.B.Southend has the longest pier in Britain.C.People crowded into the water39。s edge at Briton for a quick swim.D.Southend is a better preferred resort than Briton by London locals.【答案】（1）C（2）A（3）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了不列顛海岸線上4個供英國人在海灘度過每年的大量時間的度假勝地。（1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“In the evening when everyone is full of food, icecream and lollypops, there is the long slow drive home on roads crowded with returning cars.”可知因為返程車輛致使路上擁堵，人們裝滿食物慢慢開車回家。故選C。（2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)Blackpool 部分中的“On the northwest coast, a popular resort for the people in the industrial north, Blackpool is a gay, noisy town, famous for its amusement facilities and the magical lights. ”可知Blackpool以其娛樂設(shè)施和奇妙壯麗的燈光而著名。故選A。（3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)Southend 部分中的“On the east coast at the mouth of the Thames, Southend is, like Brighton, one of the favorite resorts of Londoners.”可知Southend和Brighton同樣都是倫敦人最愛去的地方。故選D?！军c評】本題考點涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇介紹類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。9．閱讀理解 America is well known for being a melting pot of different ethnic groups and cultures, but nowhere is this diversity more pronounced than in Queens, New York. Here, secondgeneration Puerto Ricans live alongside thirdgeneration Greeks and firstgeneration Koreans, all united by a mon feeling of pride in their American identity. However, they are also proud and curious about their ancestral roots. National Geographic39。s Genographic Project, also known as the Human Family Tree, set out to trace the origins by examining their genetic makeup using a simple DNA test. What interested them more was something that intrigues us all: the history of our recent ancestry. One recurring theme among immigrants seems to be the hard work and sacrifices that went into building a new life, and how their descendants now feel a duty to honor that effort by working hard too. Here is one Queens resident39。s story. Richard, 38 My greatgrandfather Tomas came to America from Poland when he was fifteen. His mother had died, a