【正文】 teWetWarm winter and hot summerCitiesFlorenceRomePopulationin 2010369 thousand2. 74 millionArea104 square kilometersOver 1，507 squarekilometers （City area）Typical feature（特征）The birthplace ofthe Renaissance（文藝復興發(fā)源地）The capital cityClimatePleasant climateWarm and wet in winter while hot and dry in summer（1）There are ________ famous Italian cities mentioned in the form. A.twoB.threeC.four（2）Milan has a ________ climate according to the form. A.wetB.hotC.dry（3）According to the form, ________ is the smallest in area. A.RomeB.VeniceC.Milan（4）Florence is well known as ________. A.the largest city in ItalyB.the water cityC.the birthplace of the Renaissance（5）Which of the following is TRUE according to the form? A.In 2010, the population of Florence was larger than that of Milan.B.The population of Rome was 2，740，000 in 2010.C.The capital city has an area of less than 1，507 square kilometers.【答案】 （1）C（2）A（3）B（4）C（5）B 【解析】【分析】本文介紹了意大利的四座著名城市。 （1）細節(jié)題。根據表格cities一欄顯示可知，表格里提及了 Milan ， Venice ， Florence ， Rome4個著名的意大利城市，故選C。 （2）細節(jié)題。根據表格climate一欄顯示可知，米蘭的氣候是潮濕，wet，故選A。 （3）細節(jié)題。根據表格area一欄顯示可知， Venice是面積最小的城市，故選B。 （4）細節(jié)題。根據表格typical feature一欄顯示可知，佛羅倫薩因是文藝復興發(fā)源地而出名，故選C。 （5）細節(jié)題。根據表格2010年人口一欄顯示可知，故選B。 【點評】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細節(jié)題常考題型，細節(jié)題要注意從文中尋找答案。16．閱讀理解 Medical experts say most Americans do not get enough sleep. They say more Americans need to take a nap—that is to rest for a short period in the middle of the day. They give people advice to sleep lightly before continuing with other activities. The experts say naps might improve health by reducing pressure. Some European and Latin American panies have supported the idea of napping for many years. They ask people to leave work, go home and have a nap before returning. In the United States, some panies let workers rest simply in their offices. They believe this can help workers make fewer mistakes and also increase the amount of work that a person can do. Sleep experts say it is likely that people make more mistakes at work than at other times. They say people should not carry out important tasks when they feel sleepy. And they say the best thing to do is to take a nap. About twenty minutes of rest is all you need. Experts say this provides extra energy and can increase your effects until the end of the day. But experts said that a nap should last no more than twenty to thirty minutes. A longer nap will put the body into deep sleep and waking up will be difficult.（1）This passage is probably taken from ________. A.a story bookB.a posterC.a science fictionD.a medical magazine（2）What39。s the best way to increase workers39。 effects? A.Talking with friends.B.Doing relaxing exercise.C.Laughing, smiling and crying.D.Having a rest for twenty or thirty minutes.（3）What will happen to the workers if they keep on working without any rest? A.They will get a lot of money.B.They will fail in their jobs and even cause a lot of trouble.C.They will live a happy life in the future.D.They will feel better after finishing everyday jobs.（4）The meaning of the underlined word reducing in the first paragraph is ________. A.加大B.緩解C.產生D.制造（5）The passage mainly talks about ________. A.taking a nap during the dayB.the disadvantages of taking a napC.Americans who don39。t have a nap during the weekendsD.the advantages of deep sleep【答案】 （1）D（2）D（3）B（4）B（5）A 【解析】【分析】短文大意： 本文敘述了午睡的重要性。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)每天午睡幾分鐘減少心臟病的死亡幾率。專家們對工作人員進行調查發(fā)現(xiàn)午睡能改善人們的健康。在歐洲和拉丁美洲一些行業(yè)很多年來支持午睡的想法。睡眠專家認為午睡會減少錯誤和事故。 （1）文章出處題。這篇文章講的是醫(yī)學專家指出午睡的重要性。可知這篇文章出自醫(yī)學雜志。故選D。 （2）細節(jié)理解題。根據 And they say the best thing to do is to take a nap. About twenty minutes of rest is all you need. Experts say this provides extra energy and can increase your effects until the end of the day. But experts said that a nap should last no more than twenty to thirty minutes. 可知每天午休二十到三十分鐘是提高工作效率的最好的辦法 故選D。 （3）推理判斷題。根據 Sleep experts say it is likely that people make more mistakes at work than at other times. They say people should not carry out important tasks when they feel sleepy. 睡眠專家說在工作中比其他時期更容易犯錯誤，他們說人們在感覺困得時候不應從事重要工作，可知工人們不休息持續(xù)工作的話，他們在工作中容易失敗甚至造成很多麻煩，故選B。 （4）詞意猜測題。根據 The experts say naps might improve health by reducing pressure．根據專家說午睡可以通過……壓力可以改善健康狀況，根據壓力和健康的關系，可知結合選項，緩解壓力能改善健康狀況，所以reducing意為緩解。故選B。 （5）主旨大意題。根據 The experts say naps might improve health by reducing pressure（壓力），專家說，午睡可以通過減少壓力來改善健康狀況．可知本文敘述了午睡的重要性專家說午睡能通過緩解壓力從而改善健康狀況，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)每天午睡以及睡眠專家認為午睡會減少錯誤和事故，提高工作效率等，即本文主要講了午睡的意義，故選A。 【點評】此題考查閱讀理解。閱讀短文，了解大意。分析問題，弄清題意。根據內容確定文章出處，根據文章細節(jié)，找出問題答案。對于推理判斷題，要根據根據文章的細節(jié)和作者的意圖進行推理判斷，不能主觀臆斷。對于主旨大意題，要根據中心思想進行確定。