【正文】 60。B.acC.adD.cd（2）What does paragraph 6 mainly talk about? A.Some contradiction(矛盾)on vocation China.B.Problems in vocational education schoolC.The shortfall in job markets in mainland China.D.The importance of upgrading manufacturing.（3）Germany has a vocational education system . a. that will assume a bigger role in social and economic development.b. whose teaching content and methods are determined by industries and training schools.c. whose students work as apprentices in a pany for three or four days a week and study in school for the rest of the timed. which requires that students should be trained at both the school and the pany, with pany training as the main focus.A.acB.bcC.abD.bd（4）What39。s the main purpose of writing the passage? A.To give a clear description of vocational education.B.To motivate students to accept vocational education.C.To point out some highlights in NPC and CPPCC Congress.D.To ask people to go abroad to have a more promising vocational education【答案】 （1）B（2）A（3）D（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文主要講述了中國政府將加快發(fā)展現(xiàn)代職業(yè)教育，滿足對熟練工人和技術人員的需求。 （1）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段In the Government Work Report delivered to the National People39。s Congress on March 5, Premier Li Keqiang spoke of the need to accelerate the development of modern vocational education to ease the pressure in the job market and meet the demand for skilled workers and technicians.（3月5日，國務院總理李克強在向全國人民代表大會作的政府工作報告中指出，要加快發(fā)展現(xiàn)代職業(yè)教育，緩解就業(yè)市場壓力，滿足對熟練工人和技術人員的需求。）可知，從李克強的講話中我們可以知道，中國將在就業(yè)市場上投入大量努力，以滿足對熟練工人和技術人員的需求；第三段It is noteworthy that Li said that enrollment in higher vocational colleges in China should increase by 1 million this year, the first time the central authority has set a clear target.（值得注意的是，李表示，今年我國高職院校的招生人數(shù)應該增加100萬，這是中央首次明確了目標。）可知，從李克強總理的講話中我們可以得知，今年中國高職院校的招生人數(shù)可能會增加100萬人。綜上，故選ac。故選B。 （2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段In some vocational schools, the education methods and curriculum are not able to meet the demand of upgrading manufacturing , Xing Hui, director of the Vocational Education Center of the National Academy of Education Administration, told Xinhua News Agency. As can be seen from job markets, panies still can39。t recruit qualified technicians even with high salaries.（國家教育行政學院職業(yè)教育中心主任邢輝在接受新華社采訪時表示：在一些職業(yè)學校，教育方法和課程無法滿足制造業(yè)升級的需求。從就業(yè)市場可以看出，即使薪水很高，公司仍然無法招聘到合格的技術人員。）可知，第六段主要談論了中國職業(yè)學校與需要技術人員的用人公司之間存在的一些矛盾。故選A。 （3）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第七段Some foreign countries have set a good example with respect to vocational education. For example, Germany has a dual system in its vocational education. Teaching content and methods are determined by industries and training schools to reflect current industrial practice, reported China Daily. The system requires that students should be trained at both the school and the pany, with pany training as the main focus.（一些國家在職業(yè)教育方面樹立了良好的榜樣。例如，德國的職業(yè)教育有雙重體系。據(jù)《中國日報》報道，教學內(nèi)容和方法由行業(yè)和培訓學校決定，以反映當前的行業(yè)實踐。該制度要求學生在學校和公司都接受培訓，公司培訓是主要的重點。）以及全文內(nèi)容可知，德國的職業(yè)教育體系在社會和經(jīng)濟發(fā)展中發(fā)揮著很大的作用。故選bd。故選D。 （4）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段There is good news for students of vocational colleges in China: The government has announced plans to develop modern vocational education.（對于中國職業(yè)院校的學生來說，有一個好消息:政府宣布了發(fā)展現(xiàn)代職業(yè)教育的計劃。）以及文章主要內(nèi)容講述中國將在就業(yè)市場上投入大量努力，以滿足對熟練工人和技術人員的需求，同時今年中國高職院校的招生人數(shù)可能會增加100萬人。以及中國目前技術人員的就業(yè)市場，目的在于推動學生接受職業(yè)教育。故選B。 【點評】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細節(jié)理解題和推理判斷題兩種?？碱}型。細節(jié)理解題在文中查找關鍵詞，尤其是同義詞、近義詞和找到對應句，推理判斷題結合上下文進行正向或逆向的推理，依據(jù)原文推理，不主觀臆斷。9．閱讀理解 Ronald Reagan ever said, It39。s true hard work never killed anybody, but I figure, why take the chance? To some extent, extra effort seems to be selfdefeating. Studies suggest that, after 50 hours a week, employee productivity falls sharply. But that doesn39。t stop some managers from demanding that workers stay chained to their desk for long periods. Jack Ma, the founder of Alibaba, recently praised the 996 model, where employees work from 9 . to 9 ., 6 days a week, as a huge blessing. Apparently, presenteeism (出勤主義) is the curse of the modern office worker. There will be days when you do not have much to do: perhaps because you are waiting for someone else in a different department, or a different pany, to respond to a request. As the clock ticks past 5 pm, there may be no purpose in staying at your desk. But you can see your boss hard at work and, more importantly, they can see you. So you make an effort to look busy. Some of this may be a selfcontinuing cycle. If bosses do not like to go home before their employees, and employees fear leaving before their bosses, everyone is trapped. Staff may feel that they will not get a pay rise, or a promotion, if they are not seen to be putting in maximum effort. This is easily confused with long hours. Managers, who are often no good at judging employees39。 performance, use time in the office as a measure. The consequence is often wasted effort. We pretend to work and managers pretend to believe us. Rather than work hard, you try to make bosses think that you are. Leaving a jacket on your office chair, walking around purposefully with a notebook and sending out s at odd hours are three of the bestknown tricks. After a while this can result in collective selfdelusion that this pretence is actual work. But presenteeism has more serious consequences. It is perhaps most mon in Japan, where people attend the office even when they are in disfort. In doing so, they are doing neither themselves nor their employers any favours. As well as reducing productivity, this can increase medical expenses for t