【正文】 d on this question. She asked 200 senior managers to sit down in pairs where one person would act as the boss and the other as an employee to discuss salary promotions. Male employees asked for an average salary of $146k while the females asked for only $141k. But why did they not bargain as hard as the men? Simply because they were more likely to be givers. As a woman, I do enjoy the act of giving up my time, my knowledge, and my care and my attention to others. I don39。t expect anything in return, but I do tend to pull myself away when I feel like I39。m being taken for granted. I also tend to get upset when I see a loved one39。s continuous actions of kindness go unnoticed. So, it39。s safe to say I39。m 50% giver, 35% matcher and 15% taker. I do know someone, however, who is 99% giver. They39。re constantly devoting their time, sharing valuable insights (洞察力) and going out of their way for everyone who crosses their path. Although they39。re changed the lives of many people, they rarely see any of it returned. But the universe is slowly repaying them。 they39。re now extremely successful, well known for what they do.（1）We can learn from the first paragraph that ________. A.most people think they are giversB.people are not always givers or takersC.an individual is born to be a giver or a takerD.few differences exist between givers and takers（2）In Adam Grant39。s opinion, most people ________. A.hate takersB.prefer giving to takingC.enjoy relying on themselvesD.balance giving and taking（3）Hannah39。s study focused on ________. A.the role of giving and taking in jobsB.the gender difference in giving and takingC.the role of men and women in societyD.the salary difference between women and men（4）The author tends to ________. A.think acts of kindness should be valuedB.expect something in return for giving most of the timeC.take giving for grantedD.be a plete matcher（5）What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A.Giving is the shortest path to success.B.Sharing is the greatest human quality.C.No good deed goes undone.D.Givers are worth respecting.【答案】 （1）B（2）D（3）B（4）A（5）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇議論文，大多數(shù)人在尋求給予和接受之間的平衡，但是好的行為最終都會(huì)得到回報(bào)。 （1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“We39。re either giving advice, making time for people, or we39。re on the receiving end. We alternate between the two based on different situations we face on a daily basis, it not an hourly one.”可知，我們根據(jù)每天面對(duì)的不同情況在兩者之間交替。我們有時(shí)是給予者有時(shí)是索取者。故選B。 （2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“They make careful observations on takers and make it a point for them to pay something back. They hate to see people who act so generously towards others not receive any rewards. Actually, most matchers will try hard to promote and support givers so that they can get the good they deserve.”可知，在Adam Grant看來(lái)，大多數(shù)人在尋求給予和接受之間的平衡。故選D。 （3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段可知，哈佛教授調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)女子比男子更有可能是給予者，這表明這項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)集中于人們是給予者還是接受者的性別差異，故選B。 （4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段中的“I also tend to get upset when I see a loved one39。s continuous actions of kindness go unnoticed.”可知，作者不期望任何回報(bào)，但作者會(huì)在覺(jué)得他的善意沒(méi)有受到注意的情況下感到沮喪，所以作者認(rèn)為一個(gè)人的善意應(yīng)該被珍惜。故選A。 （5）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“But the universe is slowly repaying them。 they39。re now extremely successful, well known for what they do.”可知，好的行為最終都會(huì)得到回報(bào)，善有善報(bào)。故選C。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇人生感悟類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。8．閱讀理解 Do you often feel that you aren39。t taking in as much of the joy around you as you could? I recently caught myself feeling this way, and based on a suggestion by John Horton, coauthor (合著者) of The Inner Game of Stress, I put myself on a 30day lifeappreciation course. The only assignment each day was to go outside and appreciate life. So I started by taking in the beauty around me. During the first few days, I was able to appreciate my surroundings, although it was an intellectual appreciation, not an emotional one. After the first week, it was more unfortable to lie in bed and think about things than it was to get up and see them for myself. If you often wake up feeling anxious or depressed, or if you don39。t look forward to each day, then you need to try this course for yourself. It39。s an inner workout that you can do anywhere. It may not change your life, but it will adjust your attitude, and that39。s pretty helpful in this crazy world. I have always believed in ending the day on a positive note by writing a word or two in a gratitude journal and saying something sweet to my wife about the day we shared. Now, I have a new morning habit. It hasn39。t changed my routine one bit, but it has changed the way I look at the world. Creating a new habit isn39。t about perfection – it39。s about getting what you want by creating a change in your behavior and thinking. So now, while I39。m making my coffee in the morning, I39。m also appreciating what I have. It39。s quick, fulfilling, and a much better way to start my day than looking at my phone or puter. And because of this, my attitude is better, as I39。ve already begun my morning on a positive note rather than a problematic one. The idea here is that if you can appreciate your life, it actually changes the way you feel about it. Appreciation will give you more energy to live the way you would like to live. As a means of improving our mood, it39。s highly underrated (被低估的). The easy task of appreciating what we have simply makes life better.（1）How did the author feel about seeing things for himself after he started the lifeappreciation course? A.Comfortable.B.Doubtful.C.Anxious.D.Depressed.（2）What does the author think of his new morning habit? A.It has changed his daily routine.B.It has increased his desire for perfection.C.It has improved his physical health.D.It has changed his way of viewing the world.（3）Which of the following might the author di