【正文】 himD.could not afford anything more expensive（2）Which of the following best describes the old gentleman? A.Kind and lucky.B.Friendly and helpful.C.Poor and lonely.D.Hurt and disappointed.（3）Why did the author refuse the old gentle man39。s request first? A.He considered the old man dishonest.B.He felt no pity for the old gentleman.C.He wanted to keep his present job.D.He expected someone else to pay for the old man.（4）What lesson did the author learn from this experience? A.Obeying the rules means more than passion.B.Wealth is most important in older age.C.Experience is better gained through practice.D.Compassion means helping in some way.【答案】 （1）B（2）C（3）C（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文，作者通過一位老人買餅干而沒錢付賬的經(jīng)歷告訴我們可以把同情的愿望轉(zhuǎn)化為行動(dòng)。 （1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“He said he was out of cash, had just moved into his room, and had nothing in his cupboards. He asked if we could let him have the food on trust. He promised to repay me the next day.”可知，結(jié)賬時(shí)這個(gè)老人說自己沒有錢了，問我他可不可以先把餅干拿走，第二天再把錢送來，故選B。 （2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段老人身上連買餅干的錢都沒有及第二段中的“all alone in the world.”可知，他又窮又孤獨(dú)，故選C。 （3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“but store rules didn39。t allow me to do so. I felt stupid and unkind saying this, but I valued my job.”可知，商店的規(guī)定不允許先拿貨后付錢，作者想保住這份工作所以不敢違反規(guī)定，故選C。 （4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“Compassion（同情）is a desire within us to help others. With effort, we can translate passion into action. ”可知，同情是我們內(nèi)心幫助別人的愿望，通過努力，我們可以把它轉(zhuǎn)化為行動(dòng)，也就是說作者從這個(gè)經(jīng)歷中學(xué)到了同情意味著以某種方式幫助別人，故選D。 【點(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇人生感悟類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。8．閱讀理解 The United States is home to 562 recognized American Indian Nations each with its own language. Yet the number of native. Americans with the ability to speak their tribe39。s language has decreased over the past century. Now, Indian Nations are trying different ways to expand the number of native speakers, and increase interest in their munities to learn tribal languages. Since the late 1800s many American Indian children have attended boarding schools. At that time, Indian children were required to attend schools by law, and the government forced Indian families to send their children to such schools. The children were separated from their families. and given English name The teachers often taught native American students in English, instead of the language of their parents. They were told they needed to learn English in order to get a job, earn money and buy a house or nice things. However, fearing a loss of history and culture, the Indian Nations are experimenting with new ways to increase the language ability of tribal members. At least one organization is turning to modern technologyThe Sealaska Heritage Institute, a nonprofit group, has developed two apps for speakers of the Tlingit language. The Learning Tlingit app serves as a reference for important language topics such as conversation phrases, number, and letters. The Tlingit tribe has about 10, 000 members. They live mainly in southeastern Alaska. But as of 2013, the tribe had only 125 native speakers left. in addition, very few young people are able to speak Tlingit. Currently there are two apps, called Learning Tlingit and Tlingit Language Games. The Learning Tlingit app serves as a language guide. It provides Tlingit words and expressions, the tribal alphabet, as well as a basic list of the words included. With the Tlingit Language Games app, users are given a choice of different places of environments, like a house, forest or ocean.（1）What is the problem the native Americans are facing now? number of native Americans has been increasing. and fewer native Americans speak their own language. native language has been extinct.39。s hard to increase the interest of hearing native languages.（2）What will be the result if more and more native Americans only speak English? will get better jobs and higher pay. will teach their own children to speak English. will lose their history and culture. will get along well with the government.（3）What can we know about Tlingit? can help the native people know some language topics. can help the: native people earn money and buy a. house or nice things is a very popular app among the native speakers is a native language spoken by fewer than 200 people.（4）What is the main idea of the passage? Indian tribes39。 efforts to increase native speakers. for the disappearance of some American Indian languages. to help the native tribes lead a traditional life. popularity of the language learning apps.【答案】 （1）B（2）C（3）D（4）A 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，美國的印第安人正在使用新的方法來增加本族語言的使用，否則，他們的本族語言將面臨嚴(yán)重的危機(jī)。 （1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“Yet the number of native. Americans with the ability to speak their tribe39。s language has decreased over the past century. ”但是能說他們本族語言的本地美國人的數(shù)量在過去的一個(gè)世紀(jì)中已將減少?？芍瑫f本族語的美國土著的人數(shù)在過去的一個(gè)多世紀(jì)中已經(jīng)減少了，故選B。 （2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第六段中的“However, fearing a loss of history and culture, the Indian Nations are experimenting with new ways to increase the language ability of tribal members.”然而，害怕失去自己的歷史和文化，許多印第安部落嘗試新的方法來提升族人的本族語使用能力。可知，如果越來越多的族人只說英語，他們將會失去自己的歷史和文化。故選C。 （3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第九段中的“The Tlingit tribe has about 10, 000 members. They live mainly in southeastern Alaska. But as of 2013, the tribe had only 125 native speakers left.”特林吉特部落有大約一萬人。他們主要居住在阿拉斯加?xùn)|南部。但是就2013年的統(tǒng)計(jì)，這個(gè)部落只有125人可以說自己民族的語言，可知，現(xiàn)在僅僅有不到兩百人可以說這種語言了，故選D。 （4）考查主旨大意。本文前六段描述了美國印第安人在民族語言方面面臨的處境以及這一處境引起的擔(dān)憂，最后四段提出了針對這一問題的解決方案：美國的印第安人正在使用新的方法（app）來增加本族語使用人數(shù)。選項(xiàng)A中efforts能凸顯人們這一問題的擔(dān)心及在努力尋求解決方案方面所做的努力。故選A。 【點(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和主旨大意兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，同時(shí)根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。9．閱讀理解 To be a good teacher, you need some of the gifts of a good actor。 you must be able to hold the attention and interest of your audience。 you must be a clear speaker, with a good, strong, pleasant voice which is fully under your control。 and you must be able to act what you are teaching, in order to make its meaning clear. Watch a good teacher, and you will see that he doesn39。t sit still before his class。 he stands the whole time he is teaching。 he walks about, using his arms, hands and fingers to help him in his explanations, and his face to express feelings. There are very important differences between