【正文】 。. A.they are concerned about their children39。s safetyB.they want to keep children from being teasedC.parentmonitored activities are a mustD.children are not independent enough（3）According to the author, free play can . A.promote children39。s resilienceB.strengthen children39。s friendshipC.reduce children39。s risky behaviorD.develop children39。s leadership skills（4）Which of the following does the author probably agree with? A.Stop trying to perfect your child.B.It takes great courage to raise children.C.Prepare the child for the road, not the road for the child.D.While we try to teach our children all about life, our children teach us what life is all about.【答案】 （1）D（2）A（3）A（4）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇議論文，論述的是不要過(guò)分保護(hù)孩子。作者認(rèn)為讓孩子為路做準(zhǔn)備，而不是為孩子準(zhǔn)備路。 （1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的”Nassim Taleb invented the word’antifragile‘a(chǎn)nd used it to describe a small but very important class of systems that gain from shocks, challenges, and disorder. The immune (免疫的) system is one of them: it requires exposure to certain kinds of bacteria and potential allergens (過(guò)敏原) in childhood in order to develop to its full ability.“納西姆塔勒布發(fā)明了抗脆弱這個(gè)詞，并使用它來(lái)描述一個(gè)很小但非常重要的系統(tǒng)類別，它從沖擊、挑戰(zhàn)和混亂中獲益。免疫系統(tǒng)就是其中之一:它需要在兒童時(shí)期接觸某些種類的細(xì)菌和潛在的過(guò)敏原，以充分發(fā)展其能力?？芍?，作者在第二段中提到免疫系統(tǒng)是為了幫助理解一個(gè)新單詞antifragile。故選D。 （2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段中的”It39。s not the kids39。 fault. In the UK, as in the US, parents became much more fearful in the1980s and 1990s as cable TV and later the Internet exposed everyone, more and more, to those rare occurrences of crimes and accidents that now occur less and less.“這不是孩子們的錯(cuò)。在英國(guó)，就像在美國(guó)一樣，父母?jìng)冊(cè)?0世紀(jì)80年代和90年代變得更加害怕，因?yàn)橛芯€電視和后來(lái)的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)讓每個(gè)人越來(lái)越多地暴露在那些現(xiàn)在越來(lái)越少發(fā)生的罕見(jiàn)的犯罪和事故面前?？芍?，父母過(guò)分保護(hù)孩子，因?yàn)樗麄儞?dān)心孩子的安全。故選A。 （3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第五段中的”Yet free play in which kids work out their own rules of engagement, take small risks, and learn to master small dangers turns out to be vital for the development of adult social and even physical petence.“然而，讓孩子們自己制定參與規(guī)則、承擔(dān)小風(fēng)險(xiǎn)并學(xué)會(huì)掌握小危險(xiǎn)的自由游戲，對(duì)成人社交能力乃至身體能力的發(fā)展至關(guān)重要?？芍?，作者認(rèn)為，自由玩耍可以提高孩子的適應(yīng)力。故選A。 （4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的”Yet there are good reasons to suspect that by depriving our naturally antifragile kids of the wide range of experiences they need to bee strong, we are systematically preventing their growth. We should let go173。and let them grow.“然而，我們有充分的理由懷疑，通過(guò)剝奪我們天生抗脆弱的孩子成長(zhǎng)所需的廣泛經(jīng)驗(yàn)，我們正在系統(tǒng)性地阻止他們的成長(zhǎng)。我們應(yīng)該放手，讓他們成長(zhǎng)。由此可知，作者會(huì)同意讓孩子為路做準(zhǔn)備，而不是為孩子準(zhǔn)備路的觀點(diǎn)。故選C。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及推理判斷題型的考查，是一篇教育類閱讀，要求考生根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，從而選出正確答案。8．閱讀短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。 The Kids39。 Farm While kids visit vegetable plots and animal contact areas, they will learn that most of the food we eat every day es from farms, and that taking care of animals takes time, mitment and knowledge. Kids can see our cows, donkeys, goats, alpacas, pigs, etc. and learn all about looking after farm animals. At the Caring Corral, they will have a chance to touch cows and donkeys, under staff members39。 supervision. Please Note: ●Any time you touch an animal, there is a risk of spreading germs (細(xì)菌). Visitors to the Kids39。 Farm should wash their hands after touching the animals. ●The Caring Corral is open only when the staff are available。 hours are limited. ●The Kids39。 Farm uses pizza to teach kids how many kinds of food grow. Handson exhibits show how pizza ingredients go from the farm to the pizza. The Pizza Garden has sliceshaped plots of growing ingredients, including tomatoes, wheat and herbs. ●The 22footwide Giant Pizza gives kids a place to play with oversized toppings and each other. ● During the busier season (beginning in June), a free shuttle picks up visitors in need of a lift at the Kids39。 Farm and drops them off at the Panda Plaza/the Bus Lot from 11 a. m. to 6 .（1）What do visitors need to do before visiting the Caring Corral? A.Wash their hands.B.Make a reservation.C.Check on its opening time.D.Read the instructions on safety.（2）Where can kids play with oversized toppings and each other? A.At the Panda Plaza.B.At the Bus Lot.C.At the Pizza Garden.D.At the Giant Pizza.（3）Why does the author write this passage? A.To provide information about visiting the Kids39。 Farm.B.To show kids how pizza and farms are connected.C.To encourage kids to protect plants and animals.D.To seek sponsors for the Kids39。 Farm.【答案】 （1）C（2）D（3）A 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了孩子們?cè)趨⒓覭ids39。 Farm時(shí)會(huì)有什么收獲以及參觀時(shí)的注意事項(xiàng)。 （1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)Please Note部分中的The Caring Corral is open only when the staff are available；hours are limited可知，只有當(dāng)工作人員在場(chǎng)時(shí)，Caring Corral才開放且時(shí)間是有限制的。所以訪客在參觀Caring Corral前需要核對(duì)一下它的營(yíng)業(yè)時(shí)間。故選C。 （2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)Please Note部分中的The 22footwide Giant Pizza gives kids a place to play with oversized toppings and each other可知，這個(gè)22英尺寬的Giant Pizza給孩子們提供了一個(gè)場(chǎng)所，在那里孩子們可以使用超級(jí)大的披薩餅裝飾配料和一起玩耍。所以孩子們可以在Giant Pizza玩超級(jí)大的披薩裝飾配料，一起玩耍。故選D。 （3）考查推理判斷。通過(guò)讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了孩子們?cè)趨⒂^Kids39。 Farm時(shí)，可以從中學(xué)到什么以及參觀時(shí)的注意事項(xiàng)。所以作者寫這篇文章的目的是提供參觀Kids39。 Farm的相關(guān)信息。故選A。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇介紹類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。9．閱讀短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。 New study shows that when teachers participate in a training program focused on prosocial (親社會(huì)的) classroom behavior, their students are better able to control their emotions, and that children who can regulate emotions are more likely to be academically successful. For the study, which appears in Prevention Science, researchers looked at more than 100 teachers and 1,817 students from kindergarten to third grade to see if teachers could support students39。 emotional and behavioral growth through the Incredible Years Teacher Classroom Management (IYTCM) program. The program uses videos and training sessions, along with roleplaying and coaching, to help teachers learn management skills such as using behaviorspecific praise, building positive relationships with students, and considering how to reduce poor behavior. Teachers in the training group increased interactions with students by 64 percent pared with 53 percent for teachers in the