【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 oth To explore the moon’s surface, rockets were launched again and again. 為了探測月球的表面，人們一次又一次地發(fā)射火箭。 It is well known that smoking is harmful to the health. 眾所周知，吸煙對人體有害。,第三十二頁，共七十三頁。,Ⅰ. The Passive Voice in EnglishChinese Translation 英漢翻譯中的被動語態(tài),Converting the Passive Structure into a Subjectless Sentence The unpleasant noise must be immediately put to an end. 必須立即終止這種討厭的噪音。 Attention has been paid to the new measures to prevent corrosion. 已經(jīng)注意到采取防腐新措施。,第三十三頁，共七十三頁。,Keeping the Passive Structure Unchanged 1) Rendering into Chinese by Using “被…“or“給…” If the scheme is approved, work on the project will start immediately. 如果方案被批準(zhǔn)，這項工程將立即動工。 At the end of the month he was fired for incompetence. 月底，他因不勝任工作而被解雇了。 2) Rendering into Chinese by Using “遭…”or“受…” Our foreign policy is supported by the people all over the world. 我們的對外政策受到全世界人民的支持。 3) Rendering into Chinese by Using “為…所” All the buildings were destroyed in a big fire. 所有的建筑物均為一場大火所焚毀。,第三十四頁，共七十三頁。,Ⅰ. The Passive Voice in EnglishChinese Translation 英漢翻譯中的被動語態(tài),The Passive Voice Replaced by Other Structures The village is populated by about 13,000 farmers. 這個村子里住著大約13000農(nóng)民。 She was delivered of a boy. 她生了一個男孩。 She and her husband have been asked out for the banquet. 她和丈夫應(yīng)邀赴宴去了。,第三十五頁，共七十三頁。,Ⅱ. The Passive Structure in ChineseEnglish Translation 漢英翻譯中的被動結(jié)構(gòu),Chinese Sentences with Passive Labels “被、受、道、給、讓、挨、叫、為所、加以、予以…” 他被選為校學(xué)生會主席。 He was elected Chairman of the Students’ Union of this university. 她深受大家的尊敬。 She is greatly respected by everyone. 老太太被風(fēng)吹病了。 The old lady fell ill because of the draught. 天太冷，水管都給凍住了。 It was so cold that the water pipes froze.,第三十六頁，共七十三頁。,Ⅱ. The Passive Structure in ChineseEnglish Translation 漢英翻譯中的被動結(jié)構(gòu),Chinese Sentences without Passive Labels 這座橋?qū)⒃诮衲昴甑捉ǔ伞?The construction of the bridge will be completed by the end of this year. 這個問題正在研究。 The problem is now being studied. 來賓請出示人場券。 Visitors are requested to show the their tickets.,第三十七頁，共七十三頁。,Ⅱ. The Passive Structure in ChineseEnglish Translation 漢英翻譯中的被動結(jié)構(gòu),Converting Chinese “ Active“ Structures into English Passive Structures 中美己經(jīng)建立了外交關(guān)系。 Diplomatic relations have been established between China and the United States of America. 口試時，問了10個問題，她全都答對了。 She was asked ten questions in the oral examination and answered every one of them correctly. 他出現(xiàn)在舞臺上，觀眾給予熱烈的掌聲。 He appeared on the stage and was warmly applauded by the audience.,第三十八頁，共七十三頁。,Ⅱ. The Passive Structure in ChineseEnglish Translation 漢英翻譯中的被動結(jié)構(gòu),Translation of Some Idiomatic Chinese Expressions “It be + adj.(p. p.) + that clause“ 眾所周知，火藥是中國古代的四大發(fā)明之一。 It is wellknown that gunpowder is one of the four great inventions of the ancient Chinese people. 據(jù)謠傳，那場事故是由于玩忽職守而造成的。 It is rumored that the accident was due to negligence. 應(yīng)該說，情況基本上是健康的。 It should be said that the situation is basically sound. 必須指出，有些問題還需要澄清。 It must be pointed out that some questions have yet to be clarified.,第三十九頁，共七十三頁。,Practice: Care should be taken to decrease the length of time that one is subjected to loud continuous noise. Much has been said about the complexity of the nuclear power reaction. We are taught that business letters should be written in a formal style rather than a personal one. 很抱歉，因為雨太大，參觀博物館得推遲到明天了。 請全系師生于星期三下午2:00 在會議室集合，聽報告。 旅客請在此填寫報關(guān)表。,第四十頁，共七十三頁。,Practice: She was with a child. She was with child. This tool is no more useful than that one. This tool is not more useful than that one. He is anything but a teacher. He is nothing but a teacher. It has been raining continually for two hours. It has been raining continuously for two hours. I regret to say he was wrong. I regret saying he was wrong.,第四十一頁，共七十三頁。,實用文體翻譯三——通知,告示式通知：此類通知英、漢語言都十分正式，英語中多用物稱主語、被動語態(tài)和祈使句，漢語中多用無主句、主動態(tài)，英漢互譯時須注意句式的轉(zhuǎn)換。 Prince Alfred Park Notice Parking of vehicles, playing of golf, walking of dogs and the riding of bicycles are prohibited in this park. Unauthorized vehicles are prohibited in this park. 阿爾英雷德王子公園 告示 公園內(nèi)禁止停泊車輛、打高爾夫、遭狗以及騎車，未經(jīng)許可，任何車輛不得入內(nèi)。,第四十二頁，共七十三頁。,實用文體翻譯三——通知,President’s Office Notice A meeting to deliver a work report for 2007 by the President is to be held at 2 p.m. Friday, March 7, in the auditorium. The whole staff is requested to be present on time. March 7, 2008 校長辦公室通知 將于3月7日(星期五)下午2時在大禮堂召開會議，由校長作Z007年工作報告。請全校教職員工準(zhǔn)時出席。 2008年3月7日,第四十三頁，共七十三頁。,實用文體翻譯三——通知,ANNOUNCEMENT Passengers for Guiyang, attention please. Flight 1411, plane Number 274 for Guiyang has been delayed due to mechanical difficulties. You will be informed when the departure time is fixed. 通知 請去貴陽的旅客們注意。飛往貴陽的T4T1班機(jī)，機(jī)號274，因機(jī)械故障，將晚點起飛。飛機(jī)起飛時間確定后，將另行通知。,第四十四頁，共七十三頁。,實用文體翻譯三——通知,ANNOUNCEMENT Attention, please. No. 14 Express is departing for Beijing. All aboard, please. Final call. 通知 旅客們請注意，第T4次快車即將離站，開往北京，請大家趕快上車。這是最后一次廣播。,第四十五頁，共七十三頁。,實用文體翻譯三——通知,ANNOUNCEMENT Passengers, your attention, please. No. 13 Express from Beijing is arriving in Shanghai, due at 7:44. Please get your things ready and get off. 通知 旅客們請注意，從北京開往上海方面的第請大家準(zhǔn)備好東西下車。13 次快車，將于7點 44 分準(zhǔn)點到站，請大家準(zhǔn)備好東西下車。,第四十六頁，共七十三頁。,實用文體翻譯三——通知,女士們，先生們： 歡迎您乘坐中國航空公司航班____前往_____(中途降落_____) 。由_____至_____的飛行距離是_____，預(yù)計空中飛行時間是_____小時_____分。飛行高度_____米，飛行速度平均每小時_____公里。 Good morning (afternoon, evening), Ladies and Gentlemen, Wel