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藥歷的書寫(編輯修改稿)

2024-11-04 03:26 本頁面
 

【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 ronchitis that requires treatment. Smoking is the most likely etiology of the chronic bronchitis, while a viral upper respiratory tract infection is probably the cause of the acute exacerbation since K.H. shows no signs of systemic bacterial infection. He has a normal WBC, he is afebrile, and his chest xray is clear. The use of antibiotics in this situation is controversial, although recent evidence suggests a benefit. Prebronchodilator and postbronchodilator FEV1 show reversible airway obstruction. The theophylline level is within the therapeutic range and there is no need to increase the dose.,第二十四頁,共七十七頁。,10/31/2024,25,P: Give methylprednisolone 40125 mg iv stat and continue q6h for 72 hours. Give aerosolized metaproterenol 4 puffs stat and 1 puff q 5 minutes until relief or appearance of side effects. Continue oral theophylline. Begin oxygen 2 liters/minute via nasal prongs. Begin ampicillin 500 mg po qid. Monitor SOB, sputum production, FEV1, ABGs, chest auscultation, theophylline level, nausea, vomiting, pulse, blood glucose, serum potassium, blood pressure, and tremor. The goal is to decrease morbidity and mortality associated with chronic bronchitis. Assess K.H.39。s ability to use his inhaler correctly and correct any problems. Provide a spacer if necessary. Explain the likely side effects of theophylline, steroids, and ampicillin. K.H. should discontinue smoking。 refer him to a smoking cessation clinic.,第二十五頁,共七十七頁。,10/31/2024,26,實例(sh237。l236。)二 國內(nèi)藥歷格式,病例:患者53 歲,女,糖尿病。膽囊切除術(shù)后5d,在外科病房曾因低血糖而暈厥(一度失去知覺)。 3d后她的體溫升到38℃,24h 后體溫繼續(xù)(j236。x249。)升高到38.5℃ ,并有大量的黏稠濃痰。過去較主要的病史是充血性心衰和慢性阻塞性肺病,每天抽煙一包。偶爾喝酒。無藥物過敏史。,第二十六頁,共七十七頁。,10/31/2024,27,體格檢查:體溫38.5℃ ,脈搏130次/分,呼吸30次/分,血壓110/60mmHg。心臟、眼、耳、鼻、喉檢查均正常。 胸部叩診:左肺基底部有濁音;胸部聽診:肺左側(cè)干性羅音;腹部傷口已愈合(y249。h233。),無液體外溢,無紅腫;腹部檢查無異常,其它均無異常。,第二十七頁,共七十七頁。,10/31/2024,28,實驗室檢查:血紅蛋白112g/L,白細胞計數(shù)17.5109/L。電解質(zhì)檢查均正常。 尿細菌培養(yǎng):1 102葡萄球菌。痰涂片檢查:大量革蘭陰性桿菌,中度G(+)鏈球菌群, G(+)桿菌,少量㈠雙球菌;少量白細胞,中度表皮細胞。血和痰培養(yǎng):未檢出。 胸部X光片:肺左下葉肺炎(f232。iy225。n)并有少量的胸膜積液。,第二十八頁,共七十七頁。,10/31/2024,29,診斷: ①吸入性肺炎〔院內(nèi)感染(gǎnrǎn)〕。 ②糖尿病〔原有〕。 ③膽囊切除術(shù)后。,第二十九頁,共七十七頁。,10/31/2024,30,治療方案: ①氨基糖苷類抗生素+噻吩類抗生素, 或頭孢類抗生素+林可霉素。 ②吸氧〔因氧分壓低〕。 ③監(jiān)測血氣,白細胞,胸片,血壓,血糖(xu232。t225。ng)。 ④抗生素治療療程1014d。,第三十頁,共七十七頁。,10/31/2024,31,討論并整理成藥歷: S:糖尿病患者,膽囊切除術(shù)后5d。曾因低血糖暈厥。體溫高,現(xiàn)有大量粘液狀濃痰。曾經(jīng)(c233。ngjīng)患有充血性心衰和慢性 阻塞性肺病,有抽煙史。,第三十一頁,共七十七頁。,10/31/2024,32,O:體溫38.5℃ ,脈搏130次/分,呼吸30次/分,血壓110/60mmHg。心臟、眼、耳、鼻、喉檢查均正常。 胸部叩診:左肺基底部有濁音;胸部聽診:肺左側(cè)干性羅音;腹部傷口已愈合,無液體外溢,無紅腫;腹部檢查無異常,其它均無異常。 實驗室檢查:血紅蛋白112g/L,白細胞計數(shù)17.5109/L。電解質(zhì)檢查均正常。 尿細菌培養(yǎng):1 102葡萄球菌
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