【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 鐘內(nèi)完成一篇百詞左右的精彩短文，也是需要考生在平日的備考下一番功夫的。恰當(dāng)?shù)馗鶕?jù)給定情境迅速成文、具備一定語(yǔ)言能力。因此在平時(shí)的備考中，考生一定要全面了解和掌握各種常見(jiàn)應(yīng)用文體如私人和公務(wù)信函、備忘錄、摘要、報(bào)告等，信函一般包括投訴信、道歉信、邀請(qǐng)信、感謝信、求職信、推薦信、建議信等，各類文體的寫作格式、方法和特點(diǎn)需要分類記憶，尤其是各類問(wèn)題的常用句型和基本結(jié)構(gòu)一定要爛熟于心。鑒于考試的要求和實(shí)際情況，文章的長(zhǎng)度以及文體應(yīng)用的廣泛程度，應(yīng)用文寫作主要分為兩大類，信函類應(yīng)用文寫作以及告示類應(yīng)用文寫作，縱觀歷年考研真題不難得出，由于信函類應(yīng)用文種類多、應(yīng)用廣泛，因此出題較多。告示類應(yīng)用文雖然寫法不同，但總體格式與要求一致，考生在備考時(shí)也不能掉以輕心。在寫作過(guò)程中，由于信函類、告示類應(yīng)用文寫作在日常生活中較為常見(jiàn)，因此考生要學(xué)會(huì)實(shí)際應(yīng)用，豐富語(yǔ)料。此外，應(yīng)用文的用途決定了其語(yǔ)言的簡(jiǎn)明性，在寫作過(guò)程中無(wú)需太過(guò)華麗的辭藻，只要能開門見(jiàn)山、表意清楚、思路清晰、符合題意即可，在公文信函中要注意語(yǔ)言的正式性，細(xì)節(jié)處的標(biāo)點(diǎn)、數(shù)字、日期、落款也要注意使用的正確性。下面我們重點(diǎn)來(lái)看一下信函類的應(yīng)用文寫作：信函是交涉事物、增進(jìn)了解、交流思想、聯(lián)絡(luò)感情的重要工具。就文體基本劃分為正式和非正式文體，就種類可劃分為私人、公務(wù)、社交、商務(wù)信件，在考研英語(yǔ)中，我們多以用途來(lái)劃分和備考，即求職信、咨詢信、感謝信、投訴信、建議信、邀請(qǐng)信等。我們以投訴信和感謝信為例，探討寫作方法。所謂投訴信是指針對(duì)某件不愉快的事情向責(zé)任人提出的投訴信件，信中多尋求解決方法，寫作要求一般為：(1)首段開門見(jiàn)山指明所投訴的具體事件。(2)將問(wèn)題清晰、簡(jiǎn)潔、公正地描述出來(lái)，指出事件帶來(lái)的諸多不便。(3)感謝對(duì)方傾聽(tīng)投訴，同時(shí)清楚地表達(dá)你所想到的解決方法，期待對(duì)方盡早回復(fù)和解決問(wèn)題。所謂感謝信是指因?yàn)槟呈录蚴招湃吮砻鞲屑ぶ猓瑢懽饕笠话銥椋?1)首先表明寫作意圖，開門見(jiàn)山表達(dá)謝意。(2)說(shuō)明因何事向?qū)Ψ奖硎靖兄x，注意感情真摯。(3)感謝信一般為非官方，若為官方感謝信注意語(yǔ)言的嚴(yán)肅性。(4)結(jié)尾再次表達(dá)真摯感激之情。通過(guò)以上講解，各位考生對(duì)小作文題型的認(rèn)識(shí)更深了一步。在接下來(lái)的緊張備考里，考生們一定要卯足勁兒堅(jiān)持下去，成敗在此一舉。第二篇：應(yīng)用文寫作技巧應(yīng)用文寫作應(yīng)用文主要分為：書信，表格與單證，便條通知、假條、請(qǐng)柬、啟事，致詞，簡(jiǎn)歷，卡片，廣告，合同，說(shuō)明（產(chǎn)品、廠家介紹），電信（傳真、電子郵件）。在英語(yǔ)專生本的應(yīng)用文考察中，書信、便條是考察的重點(diǎn)。一．書信的組成及格式：Heading—inside address—salutation—body—closing—signature—enclose—postscriptSalutation:對(duì)家人、親戚、密友可以用Dear Daddy, My Dear Daughter, Dear Alice對(duì)年長(zhǎng)、關(guān)系一般的朋友、同事、不熟悉的人用Dear , Dear Professor Wang對(duì)公司、工廠、學(xué)校團(tuán)體，一般用Dear Sir, Dear Madam, To Whom It May ConcernClosing對(duì)熟悉的朋友同事Sincerely yours, Yours cordially對(duì)密友Affectionately yours, Lovingly yours, Yours ever對(duì)家人—Yours lovingly, Yours loving mother對(duì)上級(jí)、長(zhǎng)輩Yours respectfully業(yè)務(wù)書信—Yours truly, Yours faithfully在謙稱前經(jīng)常用一些客套語(yǔ)，表示問(wèn)候禮貌。With best wishes, With kind regards, Best regards, All the best, With kindest regards, With kind regards to your family, Please convey my best regards to your ．各種書信的寫作1． 請(qǐng)柬式邀請(qǐng)信 FangRequests the pleasure of the pany of At dinner6: Sunday, January 18thAt Peace Hotel, East Wenhua Road: 12345678Dress: Formal答復(fù) accept with pleasure Fang’sKind invitation to dinnerat 6:30 Sunday, January 18that Peace Hotel, East Wenhua Road thank Fang’skind invitation to dinnerthat 6:30 Sunday, January 18, but regret thata previous engagement prevents them from acceptingDear ,Will you and Miss Joan have dinner with us at our home on Thursday, the tenth of June, at 7: want tohear all about your trip to Japan and have you meet Mary Manion who is planning to go and attend conference in Beijing next ,Linda答復(fù)Dear Linda,Miss Joan and I will be delighted to have dinner with you on Thursday, the tenth of June, at trip to Japan was a delightful experience which we would like to share with you so much for asking are both looking forward to seeing you and ,JamesDear Linda,Joan and I wish we could have dinner with you on Thursday, the tenth of June, at seven, but we find we’ll not be able to do want very much to see you all and share our trip in Japan and meet you know the semester is ing to an end and a lot of students are pouring into the Computer Center to do their preparations for the final do not close until 10 o’clock in the so much for asking know we’ll be missing a wonderful feel very sorry to be prevented from joining you ,JamesDear Cindy,Thank you very much for the wonderful holiday I spent with you and your mother is such a terrific cook!I think I must have gained 5 pounds in just the two weeks spent with really appreciate your taking time off from work to take me around and show me so many are lucky to live in such and interesting hope that soon you will be able to visit my part of the you again for the wonderful ’s keep in ,Mary常用語(yǔ)句：This is to thank you again for your wonderful is generous of you to take so much interest in my am much obliged to you for your kind note after my acknowledge with gratitude your message of good can’t sufficiently express my thanks for your thoughtful you again for the trouble you have for your kind and warm can’t tell you how much your letter delighted really don’t know how to thank you you for doing me a real Dear ,I learned from that you were graduated with high honors from Fudan University can well imagine how proud your parents are now, who have been anxiously hoping to witness you brilliant I understand, you will continue studies in the United States wish you greater success in your studies and research best sincerely,Li Ming常用語(yǔ)句：May you enjoy good health and long and all good on your accept our sincere wishes for Christmas and the New are delighted to learn that you have passes the Dear Laura,I’m afraid we can’t go to the concert on ’ve lost the looked for them everywhere but they simply must apologize for being so ’ll try to get hold of two tickets again for some other date will be suitable for you?I’m sorry for causing all this hope you are not too truly,Tom6．慰問(wèn)信Dear ,I am very sorry to learn from the newspaper that a fire broke out in your street yesterday afternoon, and your house was burnt am very anxious to know how you and your family shall be very much delighted if I can be of any service to sincerely,Eric常用語(yǔ)句I am very anxious to know how you are getting are sure it won’t be long before you are back on your feet I can be of any assistance to you, do not hesitate to let me was extremely sorry to hear……Dear Sir/Madam,Please allow ne to apply for the position of office clerk which you advertised in “Qi Lu Evening News” of Feb, am 28 years of age and receiving my from Xiamen University, I worked for three years as an office clerk at China Great Wall Computer Group the last two years, I have been a secretary to the General Manager of Haicheng Foodstuffs Company, Ltd, in am looking for a position of office clerk to increase my experience in have a wide knowledge of business and thoroughly experie