【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 pressions differ from those of animals in the degree _____ they can be controlled on which which which which1． D D A C B A D B B A D D D B第二篇：英語定語從句講解+習題高中定語從句講解在復合句中充當定語的從句叫定語從句。定語從句的作用相當于形容詞，用來修飾主句中的某一名詞或代詞或整個主句，所以，也稱作形容詞性從句。被定語從句修飾的詞叫先行詞，定語從句一般緊跟在它所修飾的先行詞之后。在先行詞和定語從句之間起連接作用的詞叫關(guān)系詞。關(guān)系詞有關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞兩種。提示： 關(guān)系詞在定語從句中有三大作用 ——連接先行詞和定語從句。I gave her all the money that I 。（that 連接先特詞 money和定語從句I had）——在定語從句中替代從句所修飾的先行詞。The man who lives next door is a famous 。（who 替代the man）——在定語從句中作主語、賓語、定語或狀語。I like picrures which are painted in the traditional Chinese 。（which在定語從句中作主語）一、關(guān)系代詞引導的定語從句引導定語從句的關(guān)系代詞主要有who, whom, whose, which, that等。它們分別代替前面的先行詞，并在定語從句中作主語、賓語或定語。A．Who指人，在定語從句中作主語。What was the name of the man who lent you the money?借錢給你的那人叫什么名字？（定語從句修飾先行詞the man）He who laughs last laughs 。（定語從句修飾先行詞he）The chairman of the meeting, who spoke first, sat on my ，他先發(fā)言。（定語從句修飾先行詞the chairman）B．Whom指人，在定語從句中做賓語。在口語或非正式文體中，whom可省略或可用who來代替，但在介詞后面以及在非限制性定語從句中只能用whom。There are some people whom/who we like and others whom/who we ，有些人則是我們討厭的。（定語從句分別修飾先行詞people, others）The people whom/who I work with are all 。（定語從句修飾先行詞the people）, whom I spoke to on the phone last night, is very interested in our , to whom I spoke on the phone last night, is very interested in our ，他對我們的計劃很感興趣。（非限制性定語從句中不能用who代替whom）Two men, neither of whom I had ever seen before, came into my ，我以前從未見過他們。（在介詞后面不用who）C．Whose人、物皆可，做定語，后面要緊跟被修飾的名詞，先行詞和后面的名詞之間往高中定語從句講解往是從屬關(guān)系。There are some people whose faces you can never ，他們的臉你永遠難以忘懷。（定語從句修飾先行詞people）I saw some trees whose leaves were black because of the polluted 。（定語從句修飾行詞trees）D．Which1．指物，在定語從句中做主語或賓語。做賓語時?？墒÷?。English is a language which is easy to 。（which在定語從句中作主語，不能省略）The children like cookies(which)my wife 。(關(guān)系代詞which作makes的賓語，可以省略)2．which引導的非限制性定語從句可以修飾前面的整個主句，相當于and this。Jim passed his driving test, which surprised ，這使大家都感到驚訝。（定語從句修飾的是整個主句，而不是the driving test）Sheila couldn39。t e to the party, which was a ，真遺憾。（定語從句修飾的是整個主句，而不是the party）3．which在非限制性定語從句中有時也可以作定語。John stayed here for a week, during which time we visited the West Lake ，在此期間我們一起游了西湖。It might snow this weekend, in which case we won39。t go to ，在這種情況下，我們就不去北京了。E．That指人時，相當于who 或whom；指物時，相當于which。在定語從句中作主語或賓語（做賓語時常可省略）。He is the man that lives next 。（定語從句修飾先行詞the man，作主語）I don39。t like stories that have unhappy 。（定語從句修飾先行詞stories，作主語）The dress(that)Ann bought doesn’t fit her very 。（定語從句修飾先行詞the dress，that作賓語可省略）Is there anything(that)I can do for you?有我能為你效勞的事嗎？（定語從句修飾先行詞anything，that作賓語，可省略）提示：在口語中，that有時還可以作關(guān)系副詞，相當于when或 介詞+which 結(jié)構(gòu)。We left the day(that)he ，我們就走了。（that替when）He doesn39。t see things the way(that)we see 。（that代替in which）Imagine the speed(that)he drives his car!很難想象，他開車的速度那么快?。╰hat代替at which）F．其他關(guān)系代詞as 和but也可作關(guān)系代詞，引導定語從句。1．Asas可以在限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句中作主語或賓語。高中定語從句講解① 在限制性定語從句中，as可跟在由such, so, the same修飾的先行詞之后。Such men as heard him were deeply ，都會深受感動。（as在定語從句中作heard的主語）I39。ve never heard such stories as he 。（as在定語從句中作tell的賓語）He lifted so heavy a stone as no one else can 。（as在定語從句中l(wèi)ift的賓語）比較：在the same as結(jié)構(gòu)中，as也可用that代替。但嚴格地說，the same as強調(diào)相同的東西，the same that注重同一個。She wore the same dress as her younger sister 。（as指的是與先行詞相似的同類事物）She wore the same dress that she wore at Mary39。s 。（that指的是與先行詞同一事物）②在非限制性定語從句中，as可代表主句整個句子，引導的定語從句可以放在主句之前或主句之后，一般用逗號與主句分開。As everyone knows, Taiwan belongs to ，臺灣屬于中國的領(lǐng)土。He is from the south, as we can know from his ，這一點我們從他的口音可以知道。必背：一些由as引導的定語從句常位于句首，已形成了固定的說法。as is known to all 這是眾所周知的 as may be imagined 這可以想象得出as has been said before 如前所說as has been pointed out 正如已經(jīng)指出as is often the case 情況常常如此as often happens 這種情況常常發(fā)生2．Butbut作關(guān)系詞只能引導限制性定語從句，同具有否定意思的主句連用，相當于that not, who not或which not。There is not a single student in my class but would like to study 。（but = who not）There are very few but are against 。（but = who not）G．介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導的定語從句介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導的定語從句是一種非常常見但也比較復雜的定語從句結(jié)構(gòu)。+關(guān)系代詞中介詞的位置關(guān)系代詞whom, which在從句中作介詞賓語時，可以跟介詞一起放在從句與主句之間（that, who不可以），也可以把介詞放在從句中有關(guān)動詞的后面，使關(guān)系代詞緊跟它所修飾的先行詞。He is a man of rich experience, from whom much can be learned.= He is a man of rich experience, whom much can be learned ，從他那兒可以學到很多。The school in which he once worked is a key school.=The school(which that)he once worked in is a key 。高中定語從句講解The manager in whose pany I work pays much attention to improving our working conditions.=The manager whose pany I39。m working in pays much attention to improving our working 。2．介詞+關(guān)系代詞的常見結(jié)構(gòu)①介詞+which whomThis is the famous singer about whom we have often 。Fortunately we had a map, without which we would have got ，我們帶了一張地圖，如沒有的話，我們就會迷路了。②名詞+of+ which /whomPlease pass me the book the cover of which is 。（也可用whose cover）③數(shù)詞+of+ which /whomShe39。s got three lucky pens, two of which she never ，其中兩只從未用過。④代詞+of+ which /whomIn the basket I find many apples, some of which have gone ，有些已經(jīng)壞了。There are fifty students in our class, most of whom are from big ，其中大多數(shù)來自大城市。⑤最高級+of+ which /whomChina has thousands of islands, the largest of which is ，其中最大的是臺灣。⑥介詞+which+名詞He usually returns home at ten, at which hour his father locks all the doors ad ，在這時候他爸爸鎖好所有的門窗。His wife got seriously ill, in which case he had to give up the chance of going ，在這種情況下，他不得不放棄出國的機會。3．關(guān)系代詞前介詞的選擇在介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導的定語從句中，應(yīng)注意介詞的正確選擇。①根據(jù)后面動詞和介詞的搭配關(guān)系選擇。The two things of which they felt proud were Jim39。s watch and Della39。s 。（feel proud of是固定搭配詞組）In the dark street there was not a single person to whom she could turn for 。（turn to help是固定搭配詞組）②根據(jù)與前面名詞的搭配關(guān)系選擇。I39。ll never forget the ay on which I first met 。(the day前面一般用介詞on)Can you imagine a proper situation in which the expression can be used?你能設(shè)想一個使用這個詞語的場合嗎？(a situation前面一般用in)高中定語從句講解③有時須同時考慮動詞和介詞的搭配關(guān)系及介詞和名詞的搭配關(guān)系。Is that the house in which you once lived那就是你曾經(jīng)住過的房子嗎？(Live in the house)④根據(jù)所要表達的意思來確定。This is my pair of glasses, without which I cannot see ，離了它我什么也看不清。注意：當關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語時，謂語動詞應(yīng)