【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 efit of backward D is incorrect because the passage indicates that backward integration is a way of having a reliable source of necessary question asks you to identify information presented in the passage about independent suppliers of product A is the best passage asserts that independent supplies making the same ponents as assemblers may not share technological innovations with B, C, D, and E can be eliminated because there is no indication in the passage as assemblers experience improved profit margins, lower their prices, suffer financial difficulties, or stop developing new versions of the question asks you to choose the statement that best describes the function of the last paragraph of the best answer is the end of the third paragraph, the author indicates that assemblers benefit from contracting with, rather than owning, independent the last paragraph, however, the author indicates that contracting with independent suppliers can itself present the last paragraph qualifies the viewpoint presented at the end of the third A is not the correct answer because the passage makes several points about backward integration, but does not present a central argument about this C is not the correct answer because the final paragraph qualifies rather than supports an argument made in the third paragraph about contracting with independent D and E are incorrect because the final paragraph does not identify questions or present a specific question asks you to identify information presented in the passage about the relationship between profits and investments for producers of technologically advanced best answer is passage indicates that the high investments required to develop technologically advanced A is incorrect because the passage indicates that large, not modest, investments in research and development are B and C are incorrect because the passage indicates that profit margins for producers of technologically advanced ponents are low, not high as these answer choice E is incorrect: although the author claims that longterm contracts with suppliers are beneficial to assemblers, the passage does not indicate that longterm contracts with purchasers lead to high profits for producers of technologically advanced GTEST 4PASSAGE 3You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 2740, which are based on Reading Passage 3 on the following bullying is one of the worst experiences a child can can it be prevented? Peter Smith, Professor of Psychology at the University of Sheffield, directed the Sheffield AntiBullying Intervention Project, funded by the Department for he reports on his Bullying can take a variety of forms, from the verbalto the physicalas well as indirect forms, such as being excluded from social survey I conducted with Irene Whitney found that in British primary schools up to a quarter of pupils reported experience of bullying, which in about one in ten cases was was less bullying in secondary schools, with about one in twentyfive suffering persistent bullying, but these cases may be particularly Bullying is clearly unpleasant, and can make the child experiencing it feel unworthy and extreme cases it can even lead to suicide, though this is thankfully pupils are more likely to experience difficulties with interpersonal relationships as adults, while children who persistently bully are more likely to grow up to be physically violent, and convicted of antisocial Until recently, not much was known about the topic, and little help was available to teachers to deal with as a consequence, schools would often deny the problem.‘There is no bullying at this school39。 has been a mon refrain, almost certainly more schools are now saying: ‘There is not much bullying here, but when it occurs we have a clear policy for dealing with it.39。D Three factors are involved in this is an awareness of the severity of the , a number of resources to help tackle bullying have bee available in example, the Scottish Council for Research in Education produced a package of materials, Action Against Bullying, circulated to all schools in England and Wales as well as in Scotland in summer 1992, with a second pack, Supporting Schools Against Bullying, produced the following Ireland, Guidelines on Countering Bullying Behaviour in PostPrimary Schools was published in , there is evidence that these materials work, and that schools can achieve es from carefully conducted ‘before and after39。 evaluations of interventions in schools, monitored by a research Norway, after an intervention campaign was introduced nationally, an evaluation of fortytwo schools suggested that, over a twoyear period, bullying was Sheffield investigation, which involved sixteen primary schools and seven secondary schools, found that most schools succeeded in reducing Evidence suggests that a key step is to develop a policy on bullying, saying clearly what is meant by bullying, and giving explicit guidelines on what will be done if it occurs, what records will be kept, who will be informed, what sanctions will be policy should be developed through consultation, over a period of timeand the consequent improvement in pupil happinessis surely a worthwhile 2730Reading Passage 3 has six sections, the correct heading for sections AD from the list of headings the correct number, ivii, in boxes 2730 on your answer of Headingsi The role of video violenceii The failure of government policyiii Reasons for the increased rate of bullyingiv Research into how mon bullying is in British schoolsv The reaction from schools to enquiries about bullyingvi The effect of bullying on the children involvedvii Developments that have led to a new approach by schools Section ASection BSection CSection DQuestions 3134Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or the correct letter in boxes 3134 on your answer A recent survey found that in British secondary schoolsA there was more bullying than had prev