【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 …………… … … .23 .1 ＦＩＦＯ模塊 ………………………………… … …… .24 濾波器模塊 ………………………………………… … … 25 加窗、平均能量計(jì)算模塊 ……………………… … …… .27 語音判決模塊 ……………………………… … … .……… 29 控制模塊 ………………………………………… … .…… .30 5. 系統(tǒng)綜合結(jié)果 …………………………………… … …… .30 仿真結(jié)果及分析 ………………………………… .…… ....30 第 6 章、總結(jié) ?????????????????? ? ? 31 致謝 ???????????????????? ?? ?? 33 參考文獻(xiàn) ?????????????????? ?? ?? 34 SelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointselectionParagraaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesTSelectionParbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbagraphFoLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointse11111111111111111111111111111111lectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPoctionParagraphFormatLineSpaci2222222222222222222222ngLinesToPoints2SelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointselectionParagraphFccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPoctionParagraSelec SelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointselectionParagraaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesTSelectionParbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbagraphFoLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointse11111111111111111111111111111111lectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPoctionParagraphFormatLineSpaci2222222222222222222222ngLinesToPoints2SelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointselectionParagraphFccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPoctionParagraSelec 7 緒論 語音端點(diǎn)檢測(cè)的精確度直接影響語音識(shí)別的準(zhǔn)確度。在噪聲環(huán)境下，語音端點(diǎn)檢測(cè)很困難。信噪比下降，語音端點(diǎn)檢測(cè)的正確率也隨之下降，同時(shí)，噪聲類型的變化影響端點(diǎn)檢測(cè)的正確率。為此，提出了一種改進(jìn)的、適合在電話語音城市名識(shí)別系統(tǒng)中應(yīng)用的端點(diǎn)檢測(cè)算法，并結(jié)合分帶譜熵和譜能量形成了一個(gè)新的特征參數(shù)集，利用該參數(shù)集進(jìn)行端點(diǎn)檢測(cè)，彌 補(bǔ)了分別采用分帶譜熵和譜能量進(jìn)行端點(diǎn)檢測(cè)的缺陷，提高了檢測(cè)性能 SelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointselectionParagraaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesTSelectionParbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbagraphFoLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointse11111111111111111111111111111111lectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPoctionParagraphFormatLineSpaci2222222222222222222222ngLinesToPoints2SelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointselectionParagraphFccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPoctionParagraSelec SelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointselectionParagraaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesTSelectionParbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbagraphFoLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointse11111111111111111111111111111111lectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPoctionParagraphFormatLineSpaci2222222222222222222222ngLinesToPoints2SelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointselectionParagraphFccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPoctionParagraSelec 8 第 1 章 語音端點(diǎn)檢測(cè)問題的提出 語音是人類最自然的信息載體，理應(yīng)成為未來從機(jī)交互的主要方式。目前，隨著計(jì)算機(jī)等飛速發(fā)展，語音分析、語音合成和語音識(shí)別的應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域也越來越廣泛，而語音端點(diǎn)檢測(cè)是語音分析的、語音合成和語音識(shí)別中一個(gè)重要環(huán)節(jié)。在實(shí)際運(yùn)用中，通常要求首先對(duì)系統(tǒng)的輸入信號(hào)進(jìn)行判斷，準(zhǔn)確地找出語音信號(hào)的起始點(diǎn)和終止點(diǎn)。這樣才能采集真正的語音數(shù)據(jù)，減少數(shù)據(jù)量和運(yùn)算量，并減少處理時(shí)間。 在語音識(shí)別中，通常是先根據(jù)一定 的端點(diǎn)檢測(cè)算法，對(duì)語音信號(hào)中的有聲片和無聲片段進(jìn)行分割，而后在針對(duì)有聲片段，依據(jù)語音的某些特征進(jìn)行識(shí)別。但我們知道，無聲段或者語音段前后一般包含人為呼吸等產(chǎn)生的雜音，語音開始處也有弱摩擦音或弱爆破音，而在語音的終點(diǎn)處一般還包含鼻音，這些使得語音的端點(diǎn)比較模糊。研究表明[1]，即使在安靜的環(huán)境中，語音識(shí)別系統(tǒng)一半以上的識(shí)別錯(cuò)誤來自端點(diǎn)檢測(cè)器。因此，作為語音識(shí)別系統(tǒng)的第一步，端點(diǎn)檢測(cè)的關(guān)鍵性不容忽視，尤其在噪聲環(huán)境下語音的端點(diǎn)檢測(cè)，它的準(zhǔn)確性很大程度上直接影響著后續(xù)的工作能否有效進(jìn)行。 語音端點(diǎn)檢測(cè)也是語音增強(qiáng) 算法和語音編碼系統(tǒng)的重要部分。例如，在語音增強(qiáng)算法最常用的譜減法就要求從含噪語音中提取噪聲進(jìn)行估計(jì)噪聲譜；語音壓縮編碼算法可以利用 “ 語音插空 ” 以增加信道容量。這些都離不開語音端點(diǎn)檢測(cè)。 SelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointselectionParagraaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesTSelectionParbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbagraphFoLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointse11111111111111111111111111111111lectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPoctionParagraphFormatLineSpaci2222222222222222222222ngLinesToPoints2SelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointselectionParagraphFccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPoctionParagraSelec SelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointselectionParagraaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesTSelectionParbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbagraphFoLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointse11111111111111111111111111111111lectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPointsSelectionParagraphFormatLineSpacingLinesToPoctionParagraphFormatLineSpaci2222222222222222222222ngLinesToPoints2