【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 , is an ，我是從他那里得到這個(gè)消息的。5.”介詞+ which(指物)/whom(指人)“用于被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)的關(guān)系分句中，作狀語，說明動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。如: ①The wolf by which the sheep was killed was 。②The man by whom the wolf was shot was a good 。6.”名詞+ of which“代替”whose +名詞“在關(guān)系分句中作定語。如: ①I saw some trees, the leaves of which(= whose leaves)were black with ，它們的葉子因害病而發(fā)黑。②He mentioned a book, the title of which(= whose title)I39。ve ，書名我忘了。7.”介詞+ which(指物)/whose(指人)“修飾后邊的名詞。如: ①It rained all night and all day, during which time the ship broke into ，就在這期間輪船撞碎了。②The driver was the man from whose room she had stolen the ，她從他的房間偷走地圖。8.”介詞+ which +不定式“。此種用法多見于正文體中，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)帶有主語和謂語的定語從句。如: She had only with which to buy(= she could buy)Jim, her husband, a ，用這些錢她給丈夫吉姆買一件禮物。三、介詞的正確選擇。如: ①This is not the book of which the teacher spoke in class.(speak of 意為”談?wù)摗?，相?dāng)于talk about)②The two things of which they felt proud were Jim39。s gold watch and Della39。s hair.(be / feel proud of 為固定短語，意為”以……自豪“。)。如: ①I39。ll never forget the day on which I first met him.(表示具體的某一天，介詞用on)②The boy pointed to the direction in which he would run.(”朝……方向“，介詞用in)。如: The clever boy made a hole in the wall, through which he could see what was happening inside the 、介詞和關(guān)系代詞1)介詞后面的關(guān)系代詞不能省略。2)”that“前”Do you“作介詞的賓語，且可以省略。例如:(1)The school(that/which)he once studied in is very famous.”that/which“可以省略。= The school in which he once studied is very famous.”which“不可省略。(2)含有介詞的短語動(dòng)詞一般不拆開，介詞仍放在短語動(dòng)詞的后面。如:look for, look after, take care of等。T This is the watch which/that I am looking for.(T=正確)F This is the watch for which I am looking.(F=錯(cuò)誤)，關(guān)系代詞指人時(shí)用”whom“，不可用”who“或者”that“。指物時(shí)用”which“，不能用”that“。關(guān)系代詞是所有格時(shí)用”whose“(1)The man with whom you talked is my friend.(T)The man famous.(2)I bought many books yesterday, three of which are written by Lu 、關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞(一般情況下)”that“可用在從句做主語，謂動(dòng)詞的賓語，但是不能做介詞的賓語。”which“指物，在從句中作主語?！眞hom“在從句中作賓語?！眞hy“在從句中修語，先行詞通常是”the reason“。有時(shí)”why“也可用”for+which“代替。例:A doctor who looks after people39。s 謂語 先行詞 定語從句修飾先行詞五、判斷介詞和關(guān)系代詞方法一 : 用關(guān)系代詞還是關(guān)系副詞完全取決于從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞:不及物動(dòng)詞后面無賓語，就必須要求用關(guān)系副詞或者是介詞加關(guān)系代詞。而及物動(dòng)詞后接賓語，則要求用關(guān)系代詞。例如: This is the mountain village where I stayed last :(錯(cuò))This is the mountain village where I visited last year.(錯(cuò))I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.(對(duì))This is the mountain village(which)I visited last year.(對(duì))I39。ll never forget the days(which)I spent in the this the museum ____ the exhibition was held? which one,解析: 主、謂、賓俱全，從句部分為句子的狀語表地點(diǎn)，既可用副詞where，又因 in the museum詞組，可用介詞in + which 引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語。而此題中，介詞on 用的不對(duì)，所以選A。關(guān)系詞的選擇依據(jù)在從句中所做的成分，先行詞在從句中做主、賓語時(shí)，選擇關(guān)系代詞(who, whom, that, which, whose)。先行詞在從句中做狀語時(shí)，應(yīng)選擇關(guān)系副詞(”where“地點(diǎn)狀語，”when“時(shí)間狀語，”why原因狀語)。從句區(qū)別限定性從句和非限定性從句的區(qū)別(1)從結(jié)構(gòu)上來看，限定性從句不能用逗號(hào)與先行詞分開。而非限定性從句卻必須用逗號(hào)分開。引導(dǎo)非限定性從句的關(guān)系代詞不能省略。例如: The clock，which my greatgrandfather bought,is still in good ，現(xiàn) 在還是走得很準(zhǔn)。(2)兩種形容詞性從句往往賦予同一個(gè)先行詞以不同的含義。例如: My sister who lives in London is a 。My sister,who lives in London,is a ，她住在倫敦。(3)非限定性從句可以把整個(gè)主句當(dāng)作先行詞，而限定性從句沒有這種功能。非限定性從句修飾整個(gè)主句時(shí)，只能用which或as來引導(dǎo)。例如: I said nothing，which made him still more ，這使他更加生氣。He was a Frenchman,as I could tell from his ，我從他的口音中可以聽出來。He was drunk,which seemed to make a bad impression on the ，這似乎給警察留下了不好的印象。特定選擇 關(guān)系詞只用that不用which 1)當(dāng)先行詞是序數(shù)詞或被序數(shù)詞、最高級(jí)，關(guān)系詞用that。2)當(dāng)先行詞既有人又有物時(shí)，用that。3)當(dāng)先行詞帶有the only,the very,the same,the last,the one等詞時(shí)，用that。4)當(dāng)主句中有who或which時(shí)，為避免重復(fù)用that。5)當(dāng)先行詞為something，anything，nothing，none，no，little，much，all等不定代詞時(shí)用that。只用who不用that 1)如果先行詞是those,they,all,persons,people,he,anyone,one時(shí)用who 2)當(dāng)先行詞指人并含有較長(zhǎng)的后置定語從句或在被分割的定語從句中時(shí)。只用which不用that 1)當(dāng)主句先行詞后有介詞時(shí)，用which。例:This is the one of which I39。m speaking。2)非限定性定語從句，用which。3)描述句中一般用which。例:Beijing，which was China39。s capital for more than 800years。4)those +復(fù)數(shù)名詞之后，:Shopkeeper want to keep a number of those goods which sell best。5)先行詞本身是that時(shí)，用which。有關(guān)短文Don39。t forget the things that once you ，不要忘記。Treasure the things that you can39。t ，更要珍惜。Don39。t give up the things that belongs to you and keep those lost things in ，不要放棄。已經(jīng)失去的，留作記憶。誤區(qū)提醒1)當(dāng)表示時(shí)間或地點(diǎn)的名詞作先行詞時(shí)，要判斷出它們?cè)趶木渲凶鳡钫Z還是主語或賓語。作狀語時(shí)用關(guān)系副詞，反之用關(guān)系代詞。典型例題:I can never forget the day _______ we worked together and the day ______ we spent 。which 。when 。that which。when 答案:A 解析:兩個(gè)先行詞the day都是表示時(shí)間的名詞,但第一個(gè)空白處要填的關(guān)系詞在從句中作狀語,)當(dāng)主語為物時(shí)，不能用what 3)there be句型中，指人用who指物用that。4)當(dāng)主句中缺少主語或表語時(shí)，用the one。5)當(dāng)出現(xiàn)先行詞+介詞時(shí)，關(guān)系詞只能用whom或which 6)當(dāng)出現(xiàn)先行詞+介詞時(shí)，注意判斷介詞與從句謂語是否有關(guān)系，以確定為定語從句單項(xiàng)選擇39。t talk about such things of__________you are not this the factory__________you visited the otherday? this factory__________some foreign friends visited last Friday? this the factory__________heworked ten years ago? wolveshid themselves in the places__________couldn39。t freezing pointis the temperature__________water changes which that which fwhat book will show you__________can beused inother contexts.. you have observed you have observed you have observed that you have observed asonis__________he is unable to operate them 39。ll tell you__________he told me last which that tree,__________branchesareal most bare, which which which 語法填空 is the mountain village ________ I stayed last is the mountain village ________ I visited last year,.39。ll never forget the days ________ I spent in the 39。ll never forget the days ________ I worked together with forget the time ________ he will forget the time ________ he told reason ________ he can39。t e is that he is reason ________ he told me is not is the factory ________ I visited last is the factory _______ I worked last is the factory _______ produces all kinds of TV is the reason ________ he was is the reason _______ can explain his 15AADBA610ABCCA語法填空答案 / than / that 第二篇：初中英語定語從句練習(xí)題定語從句講解及練習(xí)一．定義：在復(fù)合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語從句。如：1)The man who lives next to us is a )You must do everything that I ，叫先行詞，定語從句放在先行詞的后面。引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞有：關(guān)系代詞that, which, who(賓格whom, 所有格whose)關(guān)系副詞where, when、why 關(guān)系詞常有三個(gè)作用：引導(dǎo)定語從句代替先行詞在定語從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)一個(gè)成分二、關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句 ，在從句中做主語(1)The boys who are playing football are from Class One.(2