【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 9, but it was not pleted until two decades Garden was repeated destroyed under vicissitudes。fortunately, its major scenic spots remained intact in 1949 when Shanghai was Garden regained its splendor after several renovations starting from 1956.[解析] “有”，我們可以追求全都不用have，而采用更精準(zhǔn)的詞，比如有400多年的歷史，用enjoy, 第二個(gè)具有，表示具有什么的特色，可以轉(zhuǎn)移成形容詞：be characteristic of，“園內(nèi)有40余景”，表示園內(nèi)布滿(mǎn)了這些景點(diǎn)，可以反過(guò)來(lái)用40個(gè)景色做主語(yǔ)，動(dòng)作的“有”翻譯成dot,裝點(diǎn)。、假山池塘和諧對(duì)稱(chēng)、協(xié)調(diào)均衡，其布局之精致自古聞名江南。此處的元素較多，我們可以分清其中的關(guān)系：亭臺(tái)樓閣和假山池塘是并列的關(guān)系，而它們達(dá)到的效果則是“和諧對(duì)稱(chēng)”，“協(xié)調(diào)均衡” 。江南在中文中聽(tīng)上去很好，但到了英文中如果翻的太清楚就變成了south of the Yangtze River, 失去了美感，不如也模糊地說(shuō)成South China 。，既可以按照字面翻譯成elegancy, 也可以翻譯其意思： 所謂的布局的精致，在布局上投入大量的心思。In the old days, And Yu Garden was famed in South China for the amount of thought put into its 這里的花園可以不譯，直接收成private property, 私人財(cái)產(chǎn)?？梢赃x擇反譯：but it was not pleted until two decades later 也可以選擇正譯： which took twenty years to ，屢遭摧殘。變遷：，可以選擇解釋?zhuān)篶hanges of Garden was repeated destroyed under vicissitudes。下面附上譯文：The Yuyuan Garden is a renowned classical garden located in Shanghai that enjoys a history of over 400 delicate design, it boasts the architectural style of the Ming and Qing attractive scenic spots dot the garden, including pavilions, pagodas, ponds and rockeries, with each adding radiance to one Yuyuan Garden tops South China for its delicacy and Garden was originally the private garden of a governor in the Ming initial construction started in 1559, but it was not pleted until two decades Garden was repeated destroyed under vicissitudes。fortunately, its major scenic spots remained intact in 1949 when Shanghai was Garden regained its splendor after several renovations starting from well proportioned, the endless mixture of pavilions and corridors, rockeries and ponds, yields to a scene of harmonious Yu Garden is famed in South of Yangtze Delta for the amount of thought put into its layout.【E—C】A majority of the world’s climate scientists have convinced themselves, and also a lot of laymen, some of whom have political power, that the Earth’s climate is changing。that the change, from humanity’s point of view, is for the worse。and that the cause is human activity, in the form of excessive emissions of greenhouse gases such as carbon minority, though, are think that recent data suggesting the Earth’s average temperature is rising are explained by natural variations in solar radiation, and that this trend may be ing to an argue that there is no conclusive evidence that modern temperatures are higher than they used to believe that global warming is a serious threat, and that the world needs to take steps to try to avert is the job of the we do not believe that climate change is a are no certainties in theories must be constantly tested against evidence, and more evidence collected, and the theories tested is the job of the scientists.【參考答案】世界上大部分氣候?qū)W家已經(jīng)使他們自己及許多普通民眾（包括一些政界人士）確信，地球的氣候正處于變化之中；對(duì)人類(lèi)而言，這一變化正日趨嚴(yán)重；罪魁禍?zhǔn)资侨祟?lèi)活動(dòng)，其表現(xiàn)形式為過(guò)量排放二氧化碳之類(lèi)的溫室氣體。但是，仍有一小部分人對(duì)此持懷疑態(tài)度。一些人表示，雖然近期的數(shù)據(jù)表明地球的平均氣溫正在升高，但其原因是太陽(yáng)輻射的自然波動(dòng)，這一趨勢(shì)可能臨近結(jié)束。另一些人認(rèn)為并沒(méi)有決定性證據(jù)表明近現(xiàn)代的地球溫度高于古代。我們認(rèn)為，全球變暖是人類(lèi)面臨的嚴(yán)重威脅，世界各國(guó)需要采取措施，竭力避免這一問(wèn)題。這是政治家的職責(zé)。但是我們也相信氣候變化并不是必然的?？茖W(xué)無(wú)絕對(duì)。盛行的理論必須不斷得到實(shí)際證據(jù)的檢驗(yàn)。一旦搜集到了新的證據(jù)，就需要進(jìn)行再次驗(yàn)證。這是科學(xué)家的任務(wù)。[解析] 本次中口英譯漢的文章節(jié)選自《經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人》（The Economist）網(wǎng)站2009年11月26日的文章A heated debate，屬于環(huán)保類(lèi)題材，文字難度偏低。各段的考點(diǎn)毫無(wú)新意，都是在課上反復(fù)講解并訓(xùn)練過(guò)的技巧。考生應(yīng)該保證在這一篇上拿到高分。文章一共三段，難度相對(duì)較大的是第一段，整段是一句長(zhǎng)句，其結(jié)構(gòu)非常清晰：A have convinced themselves and B that 1。that 2。and that （氣候?qū)W家）使自己及B（普通民眾）確信三件事情。只要把整句結(jié)構(gòu)理順，之后只要“填空”即可。三件事情依次是：地球的氣候正處于變化之中；對(duì)人類(lèi)而言，這一變化正日趨嚴(yán)重；罪魁禍?zhǔn)资侨祟?lèi)活動(dòng)，其表現(xiàn)形式為過(guò)量排放二氧化碳之類(lèi)的溫室氣體。第二段是第一段的對(duì)照，主要講述另一部分人的觀點(diǎn)。第一句話（A minority, though, are sceptical.）中minority呼應(yīng)了第一段中的majority，其中的though作插于語(yǔ)使用表轉(zhuǎn)折功能，這一考點(diǎn)在中口以前的英譯漢文章里考過(guò)。之后段落繼續(xù)分出兩條支線，細(xì)述兩部分反對(duì)者的觀點(diǎn)。句法層面沒(méi)有難點(diǎn)，詞匯層面注意單詞explain。在中口的課上反復(fù)強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)上下文定詞義，同學(xué)不要一看到explain就翻成“解釋”，而是需要根據(jù)具體的語(yǔ)境選擇精致的釋義。在這里，A are explained by B直譯為A能夠被B解釋略帶翻譯腔，其實(shí)這一結(jié)構(gòu)只是表示原因，所以還不如譯為更為簡(jiǎn)潔的“因?yàn)椤?。第三段給出了作者自己的觀點(diǎn)，主要是對(duì)政治家和科學(xué)家分別提出了期望。比較重要的一句是倒數(shù)第二句，其中的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)需要處理到位。英語(yǔ)多被動(dòng)，漢語(yǔ)多主動(dòng)，這一英漢差異需要在翻譯中進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)化。theories must be constantly tested against evidence可以翻成理論必須得到證據(jù)的檢驗(yàn)，也可以添加泛指性主語(yǔ)“我們”翻成我們需要用證據(jù)對(duì)理論進(jìn)行 檢驗(yàn)。2011年秋季翻譯部分【E—C】（出自Newsweek）Why We Must Fire Bad Teachers The relative decline of American education at the elementaryand highschool levels has long been a national embarrassment as well as a threat to the nation39。s upon a time, American students tested better than any other students in the , ranked against European schoolchildren, America does about as well as Lithuania, behind at least 10 other much of this time—roughly the last half century—professional educators believed that if they could only find the right pedagogy, the right method of instruction, all would be tried New Math, open classrooms, Whole Language—but nothing seemed to achieve significant or lasting in recent years researchers have discovered something that may seem obvious, but for many reasons was overlooked or really makes a difference, what matters more than the class size or the textbook, the teaching method or the technology, or even the curriculum, is the quality of the of the ability to teach is innate—an ability to inspire young minds as well as control unruly classrooms that some people instinctively possess(and some people definitely do not).Teaching can be taught, to some degree, but not the way many graduate schools of education do it, with a lot of insipid or marginally relevant theorizing and any case the research shows that within about five years, you can generally tell who is a good teacher and who is not.【譯文】我們?yōu)槭裁幢仨毥型！安环Q(chēng)職”的老師？一直以來(lái)，美國(guó)初高中教育質(zhì)量的相對(duì)下降對(duì)整個(gè)民族的將來(lái)來(lái)說(shuō)，不僅僅是窘境也是一種威脅。從前，美國(guó)學(xué)生比世界上任何一個(gè)國(guó)家的學(xué)生都更擅長(zhǎng)于測(cè)試。而現(xiàn)在，與歐洲學(xué)校的孩子相比，美國(guó)學(xué)生的水平僅與立陶宛旗鼓相當(dāng)——被其他10個(gè)國(guó)家遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)甩開(kāi)。就過(guò)去這個(gè)時(shí)代而言，粗略來(lái)講，上個(gè)世紀(jì)的后五十年，教育界專(zhuān)家們認(rèn)為如果他們能找到正確的教學(xué)法，能用正確的方法給予教導(dǎo)，那么這種教育將是無(wú)可挑剔的。為此，他們嘗試過(guò)集論教學(xué)體系、開(kāi)放式教室、全語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)，但是似乎看起來(lái)無(wú)一能取得意義深遠(yuǎn)或是持久的改善。而在近些年來(lái)，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)了一些看起來(lái)十分明顯，但卻由于各種各樣的原因而被忽視或否定的東西。他們認(rèn)為，造成這種差異的，比教學(xué)規(guī)模和教科書(shū)更為重要的，比教學(xué)方法或者科技手段更不容忽略的，是教師的質(zhì)量。教書(shū)育人的能力大多是與生俱來(lái)的，即激發(fā)朝氣蓬勃的思想、駕馭難以管教的班級(jí)。這種能力是一些人與生俱來(lái)的；很明顯，一些人并不具有這種品質(zhì)。在一定程度上，“教”是可以被傳授的，但這種“教”并不意味著就是許多所謂的教育學(xué)研究生院課上所教的那樣——灌輸?shù)拇蠖际切┛菰锓ξ肚绎L(fēng)馬牛不相及的理論和教學(xué)法?？傊?，這項(xiàng)研究表明，五年內(nèi)，你就可以辨別出哪些是優(yōu)秀的老師，而哪些并不是。[評(píng)析] 本文是一篇新聞，難度適中。新聞稿的翻譯