【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 adly needed in Cameroon D. how Bwelle has bee an admired doctor C Parents of very young children know this: You catch your child in the act of stealing the cookiethe evidence of candy written on his or her face. However, you get a wideeyed denial:“ I didn’t do it!” Learning to tell the truth, even at the risk of punishment, is an important part of moral (道德 ) development, and new research suggests it can take seven or more years for kids to get there. Early 2017 Professor Craig published a study. He and his workmates chose 48 children between four and nine years of age. They told the kids a story about a boy or girl doing something wrong, such as taking a classmate’s toy or candy, and then either lying about the wrongdoing to a parent or confessing (承認 ) it. In each case, they asked the children: How would the child feel? How would the mother feel? The children’s answers were generally divided according to age, which is in agreement with the stolen candy, lying and getting unpunished. They imagined the parent in the study would be angry with the child who confessed. However, the seventonineyearolds were more likely (可能的 ) to think the child would feel better confessing the crime and that the parent would have positive (積極的 ) feelings towards a confessor. Smith says, “ Kids of all ages who expect that a parent would feel happy about a child’s confession are more likely to tell the truth rather than lie. Reward the honesty even if you feel you must punish the wrong action.” He adds, what parents can learn from these studies is to listen calmly without getting angry right away when their child confesses. ( )38. What does the underlined word “ denial” in Paragragh 1 mean? A. 委屈 B. 責備 C. 否認 D. 拒絕 ( )39. Paragragh 2 mainly tell us _________. A. kids can’t tell “right” from “wrong” B. it takes time for kids to learn to tell the truth C. it’s wrong to punish kids for telling the truth D. all the kids are willing to confess to a bad act ( )40. What did Smith and his workmates find in their study? A. Older kids are more likely than younger children to confess to a bad act. B. Younger children are more likely than older kids to confess to a bad act. C. The fourtofiveyearolds would feel better confessing the crime D. The seventonineyearolds thought parents would be angry with their confessions. ( )41. According to Professor Smith, what can parents learn from these studies? A. Parents should at once punish the children who lied. B. Parents should tell children the wrongness of lying. C. Parents should never get angry after their children’s confessions. D. Parents should show positive feeling about their children’s confessions. D The sun is shining when I get on No. 151 bus. We passengers sit crowded together in heavy clothes. No one speaks. That’s one of the unwritten rules of Chicago muting. Although we see the same faces every day, we prefer to hide behind our newspapers. The phenomenon（現(xiàn)象） is striking（引人注目的） : people who sit so close together are using those thin sheets of newsprint to keep their distance. As the bus es close to the Magnificent Mile, it suddenly rings out: “Attention! Attention!” Papers rattle ( 發(fā)出細小聲 ). Necks crane (伸長 ). “This is your driver speaking.” We look at the back of the driver’s head. His voice has authority （權(quán)威） . “All of you put your papers down.” The papers e down, an inch at a time. The driver waits. The papers are folded and placed on our laps. “Now, turn and face the person next to you. Go ahead.” Amazingly, we all do it. Still, no one smiles. I face an older woman, her head wrapped tightly in a red scarf. I see her nearly every day. Our eyes meet. We wait, unblinking（不眨眼的） , for the next order from the driver. “Now, repeat after me?” It is an order, said in the tones of a drill sergeant (操練軍士 ). “Good morning, neighbor!” We are shy. For many of us, these are the first words we have spoken today. But we say them at the same time, like schoolchildren, to the strangers beside us. We smile and can’t help it. We have said it。 the barrier （障礙） has been broken. Good morning, neighbor. It is not so hard after all. Some of us repeat it. Others shake hands. Many laugh. The bus driver says nothing more. He doesn’t need to. Not a single newspaper goes back up. I hear laughter, a warm sound I have never heard before on bus No. 151. This day is starting off better than most. ( )42. On hearing the sudden utterance(話語 ) of “Attention!” the passengers ___________. A. stopped reading and put down their newspapers immediately B. looked up from the newspapers to see who was speaking C. sat still without response D. were frightened ( )43. The underlined word “muting” in Paragraph 1 most probably means