f5-big-ip-ltm-負(fù)載均衡器培訓(xùn)(ppt107頁(yè))(編輯修改稿)
2025-03-23 15:38 本頁(yè)面
【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 戶(hù)請(qǐng)求的分配，直到其恢復(fù)正常。 最快模式（ Fastest） ：傳遞連接給那些響應(yīng)最快的服務(wù)器。當(dāng)其中某個(gè)服務(wù)器發(fā)生第二到第 7層的故障， BIG/IP 就把其從服務(wù)器隊(duì)列中拿出，不參加下一次的用戶(hù)請(qǐng)求的分配，直到其恢復(fù)正常。 觀察模式（ Observed）：連接數(shù)目和響應(yīng)時(shí)間以這兩項(xiàng)的最佳平衡為依據(jù)為新的請(qǐng)求選擇服務(wù)器。當(dāng)其中某個(gè)服務(wù)器發(fā)生第二到第 7 層的故障， BIG/IP 就把其從服務(wù)器隊(duì)列中拿出，不參加下一次的用戶(hù)請(qǐng)求的分配，直到其恢復(fù)正常。 預(yù)測(cè)模式（ Predictive）： BIG/IP 利用收集到的服務(wù)器當(dāng)前的性能指標(biāo)，進(jìn)行預(yù)測(cè)分析，選擇一臺(tái)服務(wù)器在下一個(gè)時(shí)間片內(nèi)，其性能將達(dá)到最佳的服務(wù)器相應(yīng)用戶(hù)的請(qǐng)求。 (被 big/ip 進(jìn)行檢測(cè) ) 規(guī)則模式（ iRule） ：針對(duì)不同的數(shù)據(jù)流設(shè)置導(dǎo)向規(guī)則，用戶(hù)可自行編輯流量分配規(guī)則， BIG/IP利用這些規(guī)則對(duì)通過(guò)的數(shù)據(jù)流實(shí)施導(dǎo)向控制。 如何識(shí)別不可用的服務(wù)器 — 服務(wù)器健康檢查 Health Monitors Page 33 Inter :80 服務(wù)健康檢查 Monitor Concepts 網(wǎng)絡(luò)連通性檢查 Address Check Node – IP Address 端口 Service Check IP : port 內(nèi)容檢查 Content Check IP : port plus check data returned Page 34 網(wǎng)絡(luò)連通性檢查 Address Check Page 35 Inter ICMP 端口 Service Check Page 36 Inter TCP Connection 內(nèi)容檢查 Content Check Page 37 Inter GET / 會(huì)話保持 Persistence Page 38 1 2 3 1 2 3 Connection Table 連接表 Src IP Address Virtual Server Real Server :4003 :80 :8080 :4003 :80 :8080 … … … :4005 :80 :8080 :4008 :80 :8080 :4003 :80 :8080 Src IP Address Real Server :4003 :8080 :4003 :8080 … … :4005 :8080 :4008 :8080 :4003 :8080 Page 39 服務(wù)器端 負(fù)載均衡器 Source Address Persistence Table Src IP Address Virtual Server Real Server :4003 :80 :8080 :4003 :80 :8080 … … … :4005 :80 :8080 ??? :4008 :80 :8080 ??? :4003 :80 :8080 Src IP Address Real Server … … Page 40 Persistence Table 負(fù)載均衡器 Source Address Persistence Based on Client Source IP Address Netmask Address Range Page 41 1 2 3 1 2 3 If Netmask is Cookie Persistence Insert mode BIGIP LTM Inserts a cookie into the stream Rewrite mode Web server creates cookie and BIGIP LTM changes it Passive mode Web server creates cookie and BIGIP LTM reads it Page 42 Cookie Insert Mode Page 43 Client Server HTTP request (no special cookie) TCP handshake TCP handshake HTTP request (no special cookie) HTTP reply (no special cookie) HTTP reply (with inserted cookie) pick server HTTP request (with same cookie) TCP handshake TCP handshake HTTP request (no special cookie) HTTP reply (no special cookie) HTTP reply (updated cookie) cookie specifies server First Hit Second Hit 源地址轉(zhuǎn)換 SNATs 多對(duì)一的轉(zhuǎn)換 Manytoone mapping Traffic to SNAT Address is refused Can share IP with Virtual Server Page 44 Inter SNATs – Typical Traffic Flow Page 45 Inter :4001 ? :80 :33001 ? :80 Source address translated to SNAT address Note source port Server :80 SNATs – Response Traffic Flow Page 46 Inter SNAT IP Address :80 ? :4001 :80 ? :33001 Response packet translated back Server :80 SNAT Table Src IP Address SNAT Address Destination IP :4001 :33001 :80 :4001 :33002 :80 … … … :4003 :33005 :80 :4003 :33006 :80 :4001 :33007 :80 Src IP Address Real Server :33001 :80 :33002 :80 … … :33005 :80 :33006 :80 :33007 :80 Page 47 服務(wù)器端 負(fù)載均衡器 Source Address Persistence Table Src IP Address SNAT Address Destination IP :4001 :33001 :80 :4001 :33002 :80 … … … :4003 :33005 :80 :4003 :33006 :80 :4001 :33007 :80 Src IP Address Dst IP Address :80 :33001 :80 :33002 … … :80 :33005 :80 :33006 :80 :33007 Page 48 服務(wù)器的回應(yīng) 負(fù)載均衡器 內(nèi)容 BIGIP LTM產(chǎn)品介紹 負(fù)載均衡基本原理 BIGIP初始化安裝與 VLAN設(shè)置 配置 BIGIP實(shí)現(xiàn)服務(wù)器負(fù)載均衡 雙機(jī)配置 BIGIP命令行 典型組網(wǎng) Page 49 Installation Page 50 Inter BI
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