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【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 Forward integration to open supply channels Scale through focusing on huge power plants Synergy through bundling capabilities of general trading and energy business New services for the customer Ruhrkohle Mobil BP Shell National Power (UK) Electrobel (Belgium) RWE (Germany) Norsk Kraftmegling (Norway) Enron United Utilities (UK) South ern Water Eastern Electricity (UK) Stadt werke Munch en (Ger many) 1990 1995 1985 1990 Statkraft (Norway) Oslo Energi (Norway) EVO (Germany) IVO (Finland) MANY INDUSTRIES EXPERIENCING A REDEFINITION OF COMPETITIVE BOUNDARIES 8 RealTech ConfPSJune01torlm MASSIVE REDISTRIBUTION OF THE MARGIN POOL IS OCCURING Digital Photography Example Camera Film Equipment Paper, chemicals Photofinisher Reprint/ enlarge Store/ display Share with others Processing Analog value chain – Kodak and Fuji dominate Major players (2023 . market share) ? Canon ? Nikon ? Olympus ? Minolta ? Kodak ? Fuji ? Kodak (66%) ? Fuji ? Kodak (Qualex) (~40%) ? Fuji ? Photohuts ? Album manufacturers ? Frame manufacturers ? Mail services disposables Camera Manipulation ? Crop ? Alter pixels Printer Paper, ink Reprint/ enlarge Store/ display Share with others Processing (at home) Digital value chain – HP, Sony and others wellpositioned Major players (2023 . market share) ? Sony (35%) ? HP (19%) ? Olympus (13%) ? Kodak (12%) ? HP (70%) ? Lexmark ? Epson ? HP ? Lexmark ? Epson ? Kodak ? PC ? IBM microdrive ? Sony ? Compact Flash ? Email posting ? Personal Web site ? Zing ? Shutterfly ? Snapfish ? Ofoto ? Others ? Adobe (Photoshop) ? Standard with camera and available free online 9 RealTech ConfPSJune01torlm 0102030405060701998 1999 2023 2023P r o j e c t i o nEXPLOSIVE GROWTH IN ONLINE RETAILING CONTINUES Source: The State of Online Retailing , and , surveys co
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