宏觀經(jīng)濟學mba教程2(編輯修改稿)
2025-02-11 02:47 本頁面
【文章內容簡介】 po rat e profi ts P rofits be fore t ax Inventor y valua ti on adjustm ent Capit a l consum ption adjus tm entN et i nt ere stNational Ine From Statistical Abstract of the United States The Four Components of GDP ? GDP (Y ) is the sum of the following: ? Consumption (C) ? Investment (I) ? Government Purchases (G) ? Net Exports (NX) Y = C + I + G + NX The Four Components of GDP ? Consumption (C): ? The spending by households on goods and services, with the exception of purchases of new housing. ? Investment (I): ? The spending on capital equipment, inventories, and structures, including new housing. The Four Components of GDP ? Government Purchases (G): ? The spending on goods and services by local, state, and federal governments. ? Does not include transfer payments because they are not made in exchange for currently produced goods or services. ? Net Exports (NX): ? Exports minus imports. Breakdown of . GDP: 2023 Breakdown of . GDP: 2023 Consumption 69 % Investment 15% Breakdown of . GDP: 2023 Consumption 68 % Consumption 68 % Government Purchases 19% Breakdown of . GDP: 2023 Investment 15% Net Exports 1 % Breakdown of . GDP: 2023 Consumption 68 % Investment 15% Government Purchases 19% Real versus Nominal GDP ? Nominal GDP values the production of goods and services at current prices. ? Real GDP values the production of goods and services at constant prices. Real versus Nominal GDP ? An accurate view of the economy requires adjusting nominal to real GDP by using the GDP deflator. 價格指數(shù) (Price Index) ? 拉斯佩雷斯 (Laspeyres)指數(shù)： ? 帕斯卡 (Pascke)指數(shù)： ????????nititinititiPQPQPL11111??????nititinititiPQPQPP111 GDP Deflator ? The GDP deflator measures the current level of prices relative to the level of prices in the base year. ? It tells us the rise in nominal GDP that is attributable to a rise in prices rather than a rise in the quantities produced. GDP Deflator ? The GDP deflator is calculated as follows: GDP Deflator
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