工程碩士研究生英語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)教程(編輯修改稿)
2025-02-01 00:33 本頁(yè)面
【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 語(yǔ)言 。2)注重主題 (Topicprominent)的語(yǔ)言 。3)主語(yǔ)和主題都注重的語(yǔ)言 。4)主語(yǔ)與主題都不注重的語(yǔ)言?！彼岢鲇⒄Z(yǔ)屬于注重主語(yǔ) (簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng) SP)的語(yǔ)言 ,而漢語(yǔ)則屬于注重主題(簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng) TP)的語(yǔ)言。話題 (topic),又稱(chēng)主題。 II. 漢語(yǔ)的主題 —評(píng)述句（ Topic+Comment/ Theme+Rheme） 1）大象，鼻子長(zhǎng)。 2）吃，武漢很方便。 3）成百萬(wàn)原來(lái)享受免費(fèi)醫(yī)療的城市居民，今后的醫(yī)療費(fèi)用要自己承擔(dān)一部分。 4）搞西洋畫(huà)的，生活環(huán)境也應(yīng)該洋一點(diǎn)。 5）樓上住著一個(gè)女工。 6）今晚開(kāi)會(huì)嗎？ 7）中國(guó)幅員遼闊，人口眾多，物產(chǎn)資源豐富。 ? elephant has a long nose. ? 2. Various restaurants are available in Wuhan. / It is easy to find various restaurants in Wuhan. ? 3. Millions of urban residents who were entitled to free medical care will have to pay part of their medical expenses. ? 4. Those who specialize in Western painting should live in an environment of Western styles./ those who specialize in Western painting should have a living environment of Western styles. ? 5. There lives a woman worker upstairs. / A woman worker lives upstairs. ? 6. China boasts vast land, a large population and abundant resources. ? III. 無(wú)主句（ Zero – subject Structure） ? 在海拔 3000米的高空采集到了這種空氣樣本。 ? This air sample has been collected at the altitude of 3,000 meters. ? 違反法律，就必須受到法律的懲罰。 ? Those who break the laws must be punished by laws. ? 只有改革創(chuàng)新，才能促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展。 Only through reform and innovation can we promote the rapid development of economy and society. 學(xué)這一套，不如去學(xué)照相。 It is better to learn photographing than to learn this stuff. 英漢句法對(duì)比 ?意合與形合 ?形合 hypotaxis，指語(yǔ)言中的詞與詞，句與句的結(jié)合主要憑借詞形變化，關(guān)系詞、連接詞等顯性手段。 ?意合 parataxis，指語(yǔ)言中的詞與詞，句與句的結(jié)合主要依靠語(yǔ)義上的關(guān)系和聯(lián)想達(dá)成，這種結(jié)合在外部形態(tài)上沒(méi)有明顯的標(biāo)志，交際雙方根據(jù)語(yǔ)境和語(yǔ)感對(duì)語(yǔ)句作出正確的解碼。 ? ① 我常見(jiàn)許多青年的朋友，②聰明用功，③成績(jī)優(yōu)異，④而語(yǔ)文程度不足以表達(dá)，⑤甚至寫(xiě)一封信亦難得通順，⑥問(wèn)其故則曰其興趣不在語(yǔ)文方面。（梁實(shí)秋 《 學(xué)問(wèn)與趣味 》 ） ? ① I have e across a great many young friends, ②bright and diligent, ③ do exceedingly well in studies, ④but they are rather weak in Chinese, ⑤ even can’t write a smooth Chinese letter. ⑥ When asked why, they’ll say they are not interested in Chinese. ? I have e across a great many bright and diligent young friends who have done exceedingly well in heir studies, but are rather weak in Chinese. They cannot even write a letter in correct Chinese. When I asked them why, they said they were not interested in the Chinese language. ?冬天，在四周?chē)际巧降氐倪@里，看見(jiàn)太陽(yáng)的日子真是太少了。今天，難得霧這么稀薄，空中融融地混合著金黃的陽(yáng)光，把地上的一切，好像也照上一層歡笑的顏色。 ? In winter, sunny days were scarce here, as it was surrounded by hills all around. Today, however, the fog was won
研究報(bào)告相關(guān)推薦
鄂ICP備17016276號(hào)-1