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【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 三個(gè)測(cè)量人對(duì) 10個(gè)樣品的某項(xiàng)特性進(jìn)行測(cè)試，每個(gè)樣品每人測(cè)量 三次，將數(shù)據(jù)填入表中。試驗(yàn)時(shí)遵循以下原則：? 盲測(cè)原則 1：對(duì) 10個(gè)樣品編號(hào)，每個(gè)人測(cè)完第一輪后，由其他人對(duì)這 10個(gè)樣品進(jìn)行隨機(jī)的重新編號(hào)后再測(cè)，避免主觀偏向。? 盲測(cè)原則 2：三個(gè)人之間都互相不知道其他人的測(cè)量結(jié)果。4 計(jì)算29?計(jì)算 A測(cè)的所有樣品的總平均值 XA。?同樣方法計(jì)算RB, XB, RC, Xc?對(duì)每個(gè)樣品由三個(gè)人所測(cè)得的9個(gè)測(cè)試值求平均值，計(jì)算這些均值的極差 Rp?計(jì)算 A對(duì)每個(gè)樣品三次測(cè)試結(jié)果的極差，然后計(jì)算 10 個(gè)樣品的極差的均值 RA30測(cè)量系統(tǒng)分析R=(RA+RB+RC)/3XDIFF=Max{XA,XB,XC}Min{XA,XB,XC}重復(fù)性 設(shè)備變差 EV=R?K1 再現(xiàn)性 測(cè)驗(yàn)人變差 AV= (XDIFF ?K2)2(EV2/nr)過程變差 PV=RP ?K3RR= (EV2+AV2)總變差 TV= (RR2+PV2)%EV=EV/TV%AV=AV/TV%RR=RR/TV%PV=PV/TVP/T=RR/Tolerancen=樣品個(gè)數(shù)r=每個(gè)人對(duì)每個(gè)樣品的試驗(yàn)次數(shù)r K123K223測(cè)試人數(shù)n K378910K1=*AV計(jì)算中，如根號(hào)下出現(xiàn)負(fù)值， AV取值 0 31? EV= Equipment Variation (Repeatability)儀器變差 (重復(fù)性 )? AV= Appraiser Variation (Reproducibility)測(cè)量人變差 (再現(xiàn)性 )? RR= Repeatability Reproducibility重復(fù)性與再現(xiàn)性? PV= Part Variation零件變差? TV= Total Variation of RR and PV總變差? K1Trial, K2Operator, K3Part ConstantsGRR研究中的名詞32卡尺的 RR研究 Excel 運(yùn)算 33RR 對(duì)過程能力計(jì)算的影響70% 60% 50%40%30%10%RR Effect on Capability34Guidelines% RR Results5% No issues163。 10% Gage is OK10% – 30% Maybe acceptable based upon importanceof application, and cost factorOver 30% Gage system needs improvement/correctiveactionVariable Gage RR% RR Results5% 很好163。 10% 好10% – 30% 可以接受，視被測(cè)量特性的重要程度和測(cè)量成本等因素而定。 30% 測(cè)量系統(tǒng)需要改進(jìn)Gage RR 判斷原則36 StdDev Study Var %Study Var %ToleranceSource (SD) (*SD) (%SV) (SV/Toler) Total Gage RR Repeatability Reproducibility ParttoPart Total Variation Number of distinct categories = 7Minitab 計(jì)算 GRRXbarR 均值極差法注：使用同組數(shù)據(jù)Discrim= ss pms= =** .22 MinitabStatQuality ToolsGage StudyGage RR Study (Crossed)在 Method of Analysis中選擇 Xbar and R37Minitab 計(jì)算 GRR圖解數(shù)據(jù)38 %ContributionSource VarComp (of VarComp) Total Gage RR Repeatability Reproducibility Operator Operator*Part No PartToPart Total Variation StdDev Study Var %Study Var %ToleranceSource (SD) (*SD) (%SV) (SV/Toler) Total Gage RR Repeatability Reproducibility Operator Operator*Part No PartToPart Total Variation Number of Distinct Categories = 6Minitab 計(jì)算 GRRANOVA 法在 Method of Analysis中選擇 ANOVA39Measurement Variation Vs. Tolerancel Precision to Tolerance Ratiol Addresses what percent of the Tolerance is taken up by measurement error.l Best case: 10% Acceptable: 30%l Includes both repeatability and reproducibility? Operator x Unit x Trial experiment? P/T Ratios are required by certain customersUsually expressed as percentTolerance = USL LSLNote: standard deviations accounts for 99% of MS variation. The use of is an industry standard. 40Measurement Variation Vs. Process (Analytical)l Percent Repeatability Reproducibility (%RR)l Addresses what percent of the Total Variation is taken up by measurement error.l Best case:
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