【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 ，而不是因業(yè)主使用不當(dāng)造成的?！?The execution and pletion of the Works and the remedying of any defects therein: 工程施工、竣工和修補(bǔ)工程中任何缺陷。請(qǐng)注意原文中的兩個(gè)and的譯法。一般一項(xiàng)工程分為兩個(gè)階段：第一階段包括工程設(shè)計(jì)、施工、竣工；第二階段是修補(bǔ)工程缺陷。由此可見，第一個(gè)and是指第一階段的兩個(gè)工程程序，第二and是為了區(qū)分工程的兩個(gè)階段，用詞、結(jié)構(gòu)無誤，表達(dá)意思明確。這段原文可譯為：臨時(shí)工程是指在工程施工、竣工和修補(bǔ)工程中任何缺陷時(shí)需要或與有關(guān)的所有各種臨時(shí)工程，（但承包人的設(shè)備除外）。5．Whereas: considering that, 鑒于，就……而論（法律用語）。此詞常用于合同，協(xié)議書的開頭段落，引出合同雙方要訂立合同的理由或依據(jù)。請(qǐng)看下面的三小段：Whereas Party B has the right and agrees to grant Party A the right to use, manufacture and sell the Contract Products of Patented Technology。Whereas Party A desires to use the Patented Technology of Party B to manufacture and sell the Contract Products。The Representatives authorized by the Parties to this Contract have, through friendly negotiation, agreed to enter into this Contract under the terms, conditions and provisions specified as follows:文中：★兩個(gè)whereas都作“鑒于”解?！?to grant Party A the rights to use, manufacture and sell the Contract Products of patented Technology: 將專利技術(shù)的合同產(chǎn)品的使用權(quán)、制造權(quán)和銷售權(quán)授予甲方?！?The Representatives authorized by the Parties to this Contract: 雙方授權(quán)代表★ Under the terms, conditions and provisions specified as follows: 就以下條款。消除了這些專門詞匯的攔路虎之后，原文即可譯成：鑒于乙方有權(quán)并同意將專利技術(shù)的合同產(chǎn)品的使用權(quán)、制造權(quán)和銷售權(quán)授予甲方；鑒于甲方希望利用乙方的專利技術(shù)制造并銷售合同的產(chǎn)品；雙方授權(quán)代表經(jīng)友好協(xié)商，同意就以下條款簽訂本合同：為了維護(hù)法律的權(quán)威性，在擬訂合同法時(shí)常常使用這些平時(shí)罕見的、法律文件中專用的正式詞匯，因此在閱讀或翻譯或擬訂合同時(shí)，必須學(xué)會(huì)運(yùn)用、處理這些詞匯。二）合同中常用的專門用詞及詞組1．關(guān)于shall與shouldshall在合同文件中是使用頻率最高的詞，在合同文件中shall表示強(qiáng)制性承擔(dān)法律或合同所規(guī)定的義務(wù)，在表達(dá)“應(yīng)該”或“必須”做某事時(shí)，應(yīng)用“shall”而不能用“ must”或“should”，但有時(shí)可用“will”，力度比shall弱。Should在法律文件中往往作“if”解，只表示“如果”之意。如：The board meeting shall be called and presided over by the Chairman. Should the chairman be absent, the viceChairman shall, in principle, call and preside over the board meeting.文中：★ 兩個(gè)shall，都表示有責(zé)任做，應(yīng)該做之意?！?Should: If 表示如果?！?board meeting：董事會(huì)會(huì)議?！?preside over：主持。原文可譯為：董事會(huì)會(huì)議應(yīng)由董事長(zhǎng)召集、主持；如董事長(zhǎng)缺席，原則上應(yīng)由副董事長(zhǎng)召集、主持。2. Unless otherwiseUnless otherwise: 除外。比 “if not”和 “otherwise”表達(dá)正式。 該詞由兩個(gè)同義詞“ unless” 和“otherwise”組成，otherwise有代詞作用，后面一般跟動(dòng)詞的過去分詞限定，意為：除非另…….：如“除非合同另有規(guī)定”可譯為“unless otherwise specified in the Contract”, 又如“除非信用證另有規(guī)定”可譯為“ unless otherwise specified in the Letter of Credit.”如：These articles shall apply to documentary credits, including stand by letters of credit, to the extent to which the credits in question shall be applicable, and shall be binding on the Parties to the Contract, unless otherwise expressly agreed by the Parties thereto.文中:★ unless otherwise,表示除非合同雙方另有約定?！?these articles 指本條文★ apply to 適用，適用于，★ in question: under consideration。 being discussed about 即“在考慮中的或議論中的”某事、某問題，可譯成“這”或“該”, 比如“該事項(xiàng)”, 可譯為“the matter in question”,這是合同中長(zhǎng)用的專業(yè)詞組。比如：Party A agrees to acquire from Party B and Party B agrees to transfer to Party A the Patented Technology for contract Products