【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 al Development Fund, UNCDF 聯(lián)合國資本開發(fā)基金United Nations Industrial Development Organization, UNIDO 聯(lián)合國工業(yè)發(fā)展組織United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, UNCTAD 聯(lián)合國貿(mào)易與發(fā)展會(huì)議Food and Agricultural Organization, FAO 糧食與農(nóng)業(yè)組織, 糧農(nóng)組織Economic Commission for Europe, ECE 歐洲經(jīng)濟(jì)委員會(huì)Economic Commission for Latin America, ECLA 拉丁美洲經(jīng)濟(jì)委員會(huì)Economic Commission for Asia and Far East, ECAFE 亞洲及遠(yuǎn)東經(jīng)濟(jì)委員會(huì)Economic Commission for Western Asia, ECWA 西亞經(jīng)濟(jì)委員會(huì)Economic Commission for Africa, ECA 非洲經(jīng)濟(jì)委員會(huì)Overseas Chinese Investment Company 華僑投資公司New York Stock Exchange, NYSE 紐約證券交易所London Stock Market 倫敦貢市場Baltic Mercantile and Shipping Exchange 波羅的海商業(yè)和航運(yùn)交易所宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)的 macroeconomic通貨膨脹 inflation破產(chǎn) insolvency有償還債務(wù)能力的 solvent合同 contract匯率 exchange rate緊縮信貸 tighten credit creation私營部門 private sector財(cái)政管理機(jī)構(gòu) fiscal authorities寬松的財(cái)政政策 slack fiscal policy稅法 tax bill財(cái)政 public finance財(cái)政部 the Ministry of Finance平衡預(yù)算 balanced budget繼承稅 inheritance tax貨幣主義者 monetariest增值稅 VAT （value added tax）收入 revenue總需求 aggregate demand貨幣化 monetization赤字 deficit經(jīng)濟(jì)不景氣 recession經(jīng)濟(jì)好轉(zhuǎn) turnabout復(fù)蘇 recovery成本推進(jìn)型 cost push貨幣供應(yīng) money supply生產(chǎn)率 productivity勞動(dòng)力 labor force實(shí)際工資 real wages成本推進(jìn)式通貨膨脹 costpush inflation需求拉動(dòng)式通貨膨脹 demandpull inflation雙位數(shù)通貨膨脹 double digit inflation極度通貨膨脹 hyperinflation長期通貨膨脹 chronic inflation治理通貨膨脹 to fight inflation最終目標(biāo) ultimate goal壞的影響 adverse effect擔(dān)保 ensure貼現(xiàn) discount蕭條的 sluggish認(rèn)購 subscribe to支票帳戶 checking account貨幣控制工具 instruments of monetry control借據(jù) IOUs（I owe you）本票 promissory notes貨幣總監(jiān) controller of the currency拖收系統(tǒng) collection system支票清算或結(jié)算 check clearing資金劃撥 transfer of funds可以相信的證明 credentials改革 fashion被纏住 entangled貨幣聯(lián)盟 Monetary Union再購協(xié)議 repo精明的討價(jià)還價(jià)交易 horsetrading歐元 euro公共債務(wù) membership criteria匯率機(jī)制 REM儲(chǔ)備貨幣 reserve currency勞動(dòng)密集型 laborintensive貢交易所 bourse競爭領(lǐng)先 frontrun牛市 bull market非凡的牛市 a raging bull規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì) scale economcies買方出價(jià)與賣方要價(jià)之間的差價(jià) bidask spreads期貨（貢） futures經(jīng)濟(jì)商行 brokerage firm回報(bào)率 rate of return貢 equities違約 default現(xiàn)金外流 cash drains經(jīng)濟(jì)人傭金 brokerage fee存款單 CD（certificate of deposit營業(yè)額 turnover資本市場 capital market布雷頓森林體系 The Bretton Woods System經(jīng)常帳戶 current account套利者 arbitrager遠(yuǎn)期匯率 forward exchange rate即期匯率 spot rate實(shí)際利率 real interest rates貨幣政策工具 tools of monetary policy銀行倒閉 bank failures跨國公司 MNC (MultiNational Corporation）商業(yè)銀行 mercial bank商業(yè)票據(jù) ercial paper利潤 profit本票，期票 promissory notes監(jiān)督 to monitor傭金（經(jīng)濟(jì)人） mission brokers套期保值 hedge有價(jià)證券平衡理論 portfolio balance theory外匯儲(chǔ)備 foreign exchange reserves固定匯率 fixed exchange rate浮動(dòng)匯率 floating/flexible exchange rate貨幣選擇權(quán)（期貨） currency option套利 arbitrage合約價(jià) exercise price遠(yuǎn)期升水 forward premium多頭買升 buying long空頭賣跌 selling short按市價(jià)訂購貢 market order貢經(jīng)紀(jì)人 stockbroker國際貨幣基金 the IMF七國集團(tuán) the G7監(jiān)督 surveillance同業(yè)拆借市場 interbank market可兌換性 convertibility軟通貨 soft currency限制 restriction交易 transaction充分需求 adequate demand短期外債 short term external debt匯率機(jī)制 exchange rate regime直接標(biāo)價(jià) direct quotes資本流動(dòng)性 mobility of capital赤字 deficit本國貨幣 domestic currency外匯交易市場 foreign exchange market國際儲(chǔ)備 international reserve利率 interest rate資產(chǎn) assets國際收支 balance of payments貿(mào)易差額 balance of trade繁榮 boom債券 bond資本 captial資本支出 captial expenditures商品 modities商品交易所 modity exchange期貨合同 modity futures contract普通貢 mon stock聯(lián)合大企業(yè) conglomerate貨幣貶值 currency devaluation通貨緊縮 deflation折舊 depreciation貼現(xiàn)率 discount rate歸個(gè)人支配的收入 disposable personal ine從業(yè)人員 employed person匯率 exchange rate財(cái)政年度fiscal year企業(yè) free enterprise國生產(chǎn)總值 gross antional product庫存 inventory勞動(dòng)力人數(shù) labor force債務(wù) liabilities市場經(jīng)濟(jì) market economy合并 merger貨幣收入 money ine跨國公司 Multinat