初一英語(yǔ)上冊(cè)語(yǔ)法總結(jié)(編輯修改稿)
2024-08-31 13:59 本頁(yè)面
【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 時(shí)一般都用be的單數(shù)形式(回答時(shí)卻要根據(jù)實(shí)際情況來(lái)決定)。如：There are many things over there. →What39。s over there?There is a little girl in the room.→Who is in the room?② 對(duì)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)提問(wèn)：提問(wèn)地點(diǎn)當(dāng)然用Where is / are+主語(yǔ)?\啦！例如：There is a puter on the desk. → Where is the puter?There are four children on the playground. →Where are the four children?③ 對(duì)數(shù)量提問(wèn)：一般有兩種句型結(jié)構(gòu)：How many+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+are there+介詞短語(yǔ)？How much+不可數(shù)名詞+is there+介詞短語(yǔ)？練習(xí)：五 “have got”六 序數(shù)詞七 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：1) 它表示經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。. I go to school on foot. He is very busy now. 2)表示主語(yǔ)的特征、性格、能力、愛(ài)好等。. He can swim. I work hard. I like watching TV. 3)表示客觀真理，表示格言或警句中. There are seven days in a week. The moon moves round the earth. 一 其結(jié)構(gòu)按正常語(yǔ)序，即“主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+其它”，有時(shí)為了起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用，時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)也可提前.二 其句式變化可分為兩種情況 1)表示動(dòng)作， 一般人稱(chēng)作主語(yǔ)的，變否定句須在動(dòng)詞前加助動(dòng)詞don’t；變一般疑問(wèn)句須在句首加助動(dòng)詞do。 They have lunch at 12:00. They don’t have lunch at 12:00. Do they have lunch at 12:00?2）單三人稱(chēng)做主語(yǔ)的，變否定句須在動(dòng)詞前加助動(dòng)詞doesn’t；變一般疑問(wèn)句須在句首加助動(dòng)詞does。Jenny speaks English very well. Jenny doesn’t speak English very well. Does Jenny speak English very well? 含有be動(dòng)詞的要在be上做變化. . Danny is a good student. Danny isn’t a good student. Is Danny a good student?三 其時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)為often、 usually、 always、 sometimes等頻率副詞，on Saturdays、 in the morning(afternoon evening) 、every day 等。 做題時(shí)常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤如下：一、be動(dòng)詞與行為動(dòng)詞同時(shí)出現(xiàn)在句子中例：We are plant (plant) the trees in spring.解析：學(xué)生往往會(huì)用漢語(yǔ)的思維方式去翻譯，就成了“我們是在春天植樹(shù)”。這是學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)最忌諱的，要看語(yǔ)法是不是正確，在英語(yǔ)中，be是表狀態(tài)，do是表動(dòng)作，兩種動(dòng)詞不能同時(shí)出現(xiàn)在句子中，可記住如下口訣：“英漢語(yǔ)言有差異，be 、do不能放一起，仔細(xì)琢磨細(xì)分析，語(yǔ)法千萬(wàn)要牢記?！倍?、單三人稱(chēng)形式易出錯(cuò)例：1 He plaies (play) football very well.2 Danny gos (go) to school at 7:10. 答案：1 plays 2 goes 解析：1以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞變單三人稱(chēng)形式才能把y換成i再加es；2與名詞變復(fù)數(shù)不同，變單三人稱(chēng)形式以o結(jié)尾的詞要加es.三、在句式變換時(shí)易出錯(cuò)例：1 Does Jenny has (has) a good friend?2 Brian doesn’t lives (not live) in China. 答案：1 Does have 2 doesn’t live 解析：?jiǎn)稳朔Q(chēng)做主語(yǔ)的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)做句式變化時(shí)，可記住如下口訣：“見(jiàn)助動(dòng)，用原形”。此口訣也可推廣用于一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)中。. He didn39。t go home yesterday.四、對(duì)do的理解易出錯(cuò)例：We don’t (not do) our homework in the afternoon. 答案：don’t do解析：do是一個(gè)比較難理解的詞，它有三個(gè)含義: a)是所有行為動(dòng)詞的總稱(chēng)；b)是助動(dòng)詞，無(wú)實(shí)義；c)是一個(gè)具體的行為動(dòng)詞“做，干”。此句中給出的do指“做，干”，not指把此句變?yōu)榉穸ň洌薯氃赿o前加助動(dòng)詞don’t。五、對(duì)主語(yǔ)的數(shù)判斷有誤例： Li Ming with me are (be) in Beijing. 答案: is 解析:表面一看是“我和李明兩個(gè)人在北京”，但with在此做伴隨狀語(yǔ)，不能做主語(yǔ)，故用is.另外，賓語(yǔ)從句中，從句部分若是表示客觀真理，不管主句是何時(shí)態(tài)，從句都要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；在時(shí)間和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，主句表將來(lái)，從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。練習(xí)：1 Jenny ____ in an office. Her parents ____in a hospital.A work works B works work C work are working D is working work2 One of the boys_____ a black hat.A have B there is C there are D has3 We will go shopping if it____ tomorrow.A don39。t rain Bdidn39。t rain Cdoesn39。t rain Disn39。t rain 4 He said the sun ____in the east and ____in the west.A rose。 set B rises。 sets C rises, set
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