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時一般都用be的單數(shù)形式(回答時卻要根據(jù)實際情況來決定)。如:There are many things over there. →What39。s over there?There is a little girl in the room.→Who is in the room?② 對地點狀語提問:提問地點當然用Where is / are+主語?\啦!例如:There is a puter on the desk. → Where is the puter?There are four children on the playground. →Where are the four children?③ 對數(shù)量提問:一般有兩種句型結(jié)構(gòu):How many+復數(shù)名詞+are there+介詞短語?How much+不可數(shù)名詞+is there+介詞短語?練習:五 “have got”六 序數(shù)詞七 一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時:1) 它表示經(jīng)常性、習慣性的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。. I go to school on foot. He is very busy now. 2)表示主語的特征、性格、能力、愛好等。. He can swim. I work hard. I like watching TV. 3)表示客觀真理,表示格言或警句中. There are seven days in a week. The moon moves round the earth. 一 其結(jié)構(gòu)按正常語序,即“主語+謂語+其它”,有時為了起強調(diào)作用,時間狀語也可提前.二 其句式變化可分為兩種情況 1)表示動作, 一般人稱作主語的,變否定句須在動詞前加助動詞don’t;變一般疑問句須在句首加助動詞do。 They have lunch at 12:00. They don’t have lunch at 12:00. Do they have lunch at 12:00?2)單三人稱做主語的,變否定句須在動詞前加助動詞doesn’t;變一般疑問句須在句首加助動詞does。Jenny speaks English very well. Jenny doesn’t speak English very well. Does Jenny speak English very well? 含有be動詞的要在be上做變化. . Danny is a good student. Danny isn’t a good student. Is Danny a good student?三 其時間狀語為often、 usually、 always、 sometimes等頻率副詞,on Saturdays、 in the morning(afternoon evening) 、every day 等。 做題時常見錯誤如下:一、be動詞與行為動詞同時出現(xiàn)在句子中例:We are plant (plant) the trees in spring.解析:學生往往會用漢語的思維方式去翻譯,就成了“我們是在春天植樹”。這是學習英語最忌諱的,要看語法是不是正確,在英語中,be是表狀態(tài),do是表動作,兩種動詞不能同時出現(xiàn)在句子中,可記住如下口訣:“英漢語言有差異,be 、do不能放一起,仔細琢磨細分析,語法千萬要牢記?!倍?、單三人稱形式易出錯例:1 He plaies (play) football very well.2 Danny gos (go) to school at 7:10. 答案:1 plays 2 goes 解析:1以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動詞變單三人稱形式才能把y換成i再加es;2與名詞變復數(shù)不同,變單三人稱形式以o結(jié)尾的詞要加es.三、在句式變換時易出錯例:1 Does Jenny has (has) a good friend?2 Brian doesn’t lives (not live) in China. 答案:1 Does have 2 doesn’t live 解析:單三人稱做主語的一般現(xiàn)在時做句式變化時,可記住如下口訣:“見助動,用原形”。此口訣也可推廣用于一般過去時態(tài)中。. He didn39。t go home yesterday.四、對do的理解易出錯例:We don’t (not do) our homework in the afternoon. 答案:don’t do解析:do是一個比較難理解的詞,它有三個含義: a)是所有行為動詞的總稱;b)是助動詞,無實義;c)是一個具體的行為動詞“做,干”。此句中給出的do指“做,干”,not指把此句變?yōu)榉穸ň?,故須在do前加助動詞don’t。五、對主語的數(shù)判斷有誤例: Li Ming with me are (be) in Beijing. 答案: is 解析:表面一看是“我和李明兩個人在北京”,但with在此做伴隨狀語,不能做主語,故用is.另外,賓語從句中,從句部分若是表示客觀真理,不管主句是何時態(tài),從句都要用一般現(xiàn)在時;在時間和條件狀語從句中,主句表將來,從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時。練習:1 Jenny ____ in an office. Her parents ____in a hospital.A work works B works work C work are working D is working work2 One of the boys_____ a black hat.A have B there is C there are D has3 We will go shopping if it____ tomorrow.A don39。t rain Bdidn39。t rain Cdoesn39。t rain Disn39。t rain 4 He said the sun ____in the east and ____in the west.A rose。 set B rises。 sets C rises, set