【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 served as the first president of the United States (17891797). During the colonial time, he was a Virginian landowner and was a leader of the opposition to British colonial policy. With the break of the War of American Independence, he was appointed in 1787 mander in chief of the Continental army. With the victory in 1783, he presided over the council to draft in 1787 the U. S. constitution and was unanimously elected president. 2) Staged translation: ?A) Translation 1 with ments ?B) Translation 2 with ments ?C) Translation 3 with ments A) Translation 1: ? 在所有的發(fā)生在生活中的事件中，沒有哪一件事更使我充滿焦慮不安的了，那就是，您送達(dá)給我的通知，我于本月 14日收到。一方面，我被國家召喚，國家的聲音我從來都是帶著崇敬和摯愛來聆聽的。國家要我從退隱中出來，而退隱我是帶著酷愛來選擇的。我也正奢望，選擇退隱是我的無法更改的決定。我將退隱作為我每況愈下的歲月的一個庇護(hù)之所。我既有習(xí)慣也有偏愛，身體時好時歹，由于時間的緣故，身體也越來越?jīng)]用了。因此，退隱對我越來越必要，越來越珍貴。 Comments: ? We have produced a wordforword translation, which, if we are not too strict, is not problematic in terms of readability and authenticity. In the translation, readjustments are made. For example, 發(fā)生在生活中的 is fronted。 那就是 is inserted。 您送達(dá)給我的通知，我于本月14日收到 is changed from passive voice to active voice to suit the new context。 國家要我從退隱中出來 is reworded。 and我既有習(xí)慣也有偏愛，身體時好時歹，由于時間的緣故，身體也越來越?jīng)]用了 and因此，退隱對我越來越必要，越來越珍貴 are swapped in terms of their positions, and so on. However, ideas could be better anized, expressions could be more authentic and formality could be further reinforced. B) Translation 2: ? 在生活中發(fā)生的所有事件當(dāng)中，沒有哪一件事比您送來通知我于本月 14日收到更使我焦慮不安的了。一方面，國家召喚我不要退隱，對于國家的聲音我總是帶著崇敬和摯愛來聆聽的。我是以酷愛之情選擇退隱的，我也正在奢望，退隱是一項不可更改的決定。我將退隱作為我遲暮之年的安身之所。習(xí)慣又加偏愛，身體時有不適，歲月更不饒人。退隱于我，日漸必須，倍覺珍貴。 Comments: ? The translation is much improved on the previous with the choice of such authentic and parallel expressions as習(xí)慣又加偏愛，身體時有不適，歲月更不饒人。退隱于我，日漸必須，倍覺珍貴 , and with the newly worded expressions such as在生活中發(fā)生的所有事件當(dāng)中 。 沒有哪一件事比您送來通知我于本月 14日收到更使我焦慮不安的了 。 國家召喚我不要退隱 and so on. However, some ideas are not sufficiently wellanized as they ought to be, especially those in the middle part of the translation. C) Translation 3: ? 足下送達(dá)了通知，我于本月 14日收悉。我雖閱歷頗豐，然此事頗使我揣揣不安。一方面，國家呼我出山，國家的呼喚我始終崇敬有加，摯愛至深。然則，我孜孜以求于退隱，也曾奢望，決心一下，難以更改。因為，我心存奢望以退隱安度晚年。習(xí)慣更添愛好，身體每況愈下，歲月亦不饒人。退隱于我，日漸需要，彌足珍貴。 Comments: ? In the translation of the first sentence, ideas in the original are reanized with the transposition of足下送達(dá)了通知，我于本月 14日收悉 to the very beginning and the treatment of such transpositions as 事件 and 一件事in what follows. In this way, the parts in question are coherently anized. Moreover, the translation of the second sentence is characterized not only by the reanization of the ideas but also by breaking up the structures of the original, in line with Chinese norms, of course. For example, 決心一下，難以更改 is substituted for the previous。 因為 is inserted. In this way, better coherence is obtained. In conclusion, the present translation is much more readable, coherent and authentic, though in some cases, irrespective of the