【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 s and barks until someone lets him out. After this he immediately lets himself in and begins barking again. Yesterday my husband removed the gate and Rex got so annoyed we have not seen him since. Lesson60 The future 卜算未來At a village fair, I decided to visit a fortuneteller called Madam Bellinsky. I went into her tent and she told me to sit down. After I had given her some money, she looked into a crystal ball and said: 39。A relation of yours is ing to see you. She will be arriving this evening and intends to stay for a few days. The moment you leave this tent, you will get a big surprise. A woman you know well will rush towards you. She will speak to you and then she will lead you away from this place. That is all.39。 As soon as I went outside, I forgot all about Madam Bellinsky because my wife hurried towards me. 39。Where have you been hiding ?39。 she asked impatiently. 39。Your sister will be here in less than an hour and we must be at the station to meet her. We are late already.39。 As she walked away, I followed her out of the fair. Lesson61 Trouble with the Hubble 哈勃望遠(yuǎn)鏡的困境In future, astronauts will be required to descend from a spaceship while it is still in space and to return to it. The ability to do this will be necessary in future flights to distant planets. Scientists are now trying to discover if this is possible. The spaceship Astra which left the earth a short time ago, will be travelling three hundred miles into space. At a certain point, the Astra will stop for a short time and an astronaut will attempt to leave the stationary spaceship and then return to it. We shall not know whether the experiment has been successful until we have received a radio message. The first message is expected to arrive at 7 o39。clock this evening. By that time, the Astra will have been flying through space for seventeen hours and will have circled the earth a great many times. When the first radio messages have been received, the results of the trip will be announced immediately.Lesson62 After the fire 大火之后Firemen had been fighting the forest fire for nearly three weeks before they could get it under control. A short time before, great trees had covered the countryside for miles around. Now, smoke still rose up from the warm ground over the desolate hills. Winter was ing on and the hills threatened the surrounding villages with destruction, for heavy rain would not only wash away the soil but would cause serious floods as well. When the fire had at last been put out, the forest authorities ordered several tons of a special type of grassseed which would grow quickly. The seed was sprayed over the ground in huge quantities by aeroplanes. The planes had been planting seed for nearly a month when it began to rain. By then, however, in many places the grass had already taken root. In place of the great trees which had been growing there for centuries, patches of green had begun to appear in the blackened soil. Lesson63 She was not amused 她并不覺得好笑Geoffrey Hampden has a large circle of friends and is very popular at parties. Everybody admires him for his fine sense of humoreverybody, that is, except his sixyearold daughter, Jenny. Recently, one of Geoffrey39。s closest friends asked him to make a speech at a wedding reception. This is the sort of thing that超市開業(yè)可行性分析實(shí)戰(zhàn)手冊 超市開業(yè)可行性分析在任何投資前，投資者都要進(jìn)行準(zhǔn)確的市場調(diào)查、分析和定位等。不過超市的開業(yè)分析有自己的獨(dú)特之處。◆進(jìn)行準(zhǔn)確的市場定位※趨勢☆近十年來，國內(nèi)零售業(yè)界興起了“流通革命”。誰掌握了末端通路，誰就是贏家。這代表著以往由制造商主控的通路已漸被零售業(yè)者所取代?！M(fèi)者的需求☆日益呈現(xiàn)多樣化。消費(fèi)者購買商品，不僅只需要單純的商品，還想要商品背后所提供的附加價(jià)值，而這些附加價(jià)值大多得靠零售業(yè)者自己來創(chuàng)造?！钜虼水a(chǎn)生各種不同的業(yè)態(tài)商店，如百貨公司、超市、便利店等，頗有“占地為王”的氣勢，紛紛以“消費(fèi)代理者”自居，來為消費(fèi)者篩選商品?！x點(diǎn)開店的重要性☆在選點(diǎn)開店時(shí)，若未經(jīng)仔細(xì)評估，無論事后如何努力，也無法挽救，而這是身為店址固定產(chǎn)業(yè)的零售業(yè)的特性?！畲送?，超市在先天上受到很多限制。例如：600—1000平方米的賣場空間不容易找到，城市市內(nèi)一樓店面租金太高，根本不是毛利低的超市所能負(fù)荷的，超市附近很少有停車空間，種種困擾不一而足?！钣行┙?jīng)營者好不容易找到一個(gè)開店地點(diǎn)，就急著開店，未予充分評估，從而導(dǎo)致血本無歸的結(jié)局?！_店策略☆開店策略，是開店的最高指導(dǎo)原則。在目前激烈競爭的局勢下，若沒有專業(yè)化的戰(zhàn)略指導(dǎo)，將很難獲得優(yōu)勢?！顔蔚甑拈_店策略：有明確的經(jīng)營理念與特色，慎選一個(gè)好的商圈立地☆連鎖店的開店策略：考慮單店能否獨(dú)立生存，考慮布點(diǎn)位置不可太過密集，也不能太過疏遠(yuǎn)，此外后勤補(bǔ)給的配送能力、效率以及管理績效也要在考慮之內(nèi)。正如下棋布局，避免“一著錯(cuò)，全盤輸”?！舫浞址治鍪袌鰸摿Α襟E☆根據(jù)各行政區(qū)域的戶數(shù)，以及每戶每月食品消費(fèi)額，計(jì)算出該行政區(qū)域的食品消費(fèi)總支出?！钤賹⒃撔姓^(qū)域的食品消費(fèi)總支出的一定比率，作為超市的市場占有率，然后再依預(yù)先推算出的超市營業(yè)額，推算出可開發(fā)店數(shù)，另以各行政區(qū)人口成長率作為設(shè)點(diǎn)的重要參考依據(jù)?！钤僖来送扑愀魇惺袃?nèi)行政區(qū)的市場潛力?！羰袌霏h(huán)境分析※競爭者調(diào)查☆重點(diǎn)l重在經(jīng)營層面，而并非單指某一商圈內(nèi)的競爭店。l如果超市是地區(qū)性商店，則至少須對隸屬同一縣市行政區(qū)域的其他同行進(jìn)行調(diào)查。l如果超市是全國性的連鎖店，則須擴(kuò)大范圍，針對全國各地區(qū)有名氣的競爭者進(jìn)行調(diào)查?！铐?xiàng)目l名稱l資本額l成立日期l員工人數(shù)l單店或連鎖經(jīng)營l連鎖性質(zhì)包括直營（R。C）、授權(quán)（F。C）或加盟（V。C）l出資者個(gè)人名義或投資母公司的名稱l外商合作可以勾選“有”或“無”的方式來表明l合作公司名稱l合作公司隸屬國l合作方式包括“技術(shù)合作”、“合資”或“兩者皆具”l價(jià)格水平由“昂貴”、“一般”、“便宜”中三選一l品質(zhì)水準(zhǔn)填寫“好”、“一般”、“稍差”三者之一l生鮮技術(shù)水準(zhǔn)填寫“好”、“一般”、“稍差”三者之一l服務(wù)水準(zhǔn)填寫“好”、“一般”、“稍差”三者之一l促銷活動(dòng)特色適宜用文字描述l目標(biāo)客層適宜用文字描述l年?duì)I業(yè)額如果有連鎖店則須予以分別說明l商圈特性適宜用文字描述，若有連鎖店最好分開說明l店址條件適宜用文字描述，若有連鎖店最好分開說明l其他特色店址適宜用文字描述，競爭者調(diào)查宜采用表述※超市發(fā)展環(huán)境特性分析☆產(chǎn)業(yè)特性l超市可取代傳統(tǒng)菜市場，提供高品質(zhì)、新鮮、衛(wèi)生的生鮮食品l超市注重品種齊全，可以提供消費(fèi)者日常所需的食品、日用品，以滿足其一次購足的需求l超市強(qiáng)調(diào)合理的價(jià)格，以提供大眾化、豐富的商品為主l超市強(qiáng)調(diào)購物方便，是提供給鄰近居民的良好購物場所l超市強(qiáng)調(diào)服務(wù)☆目標(biāo)市場特性l已組成小家庭的職業(yè)婦女l對商品知識或做菜方法不太了解的消費(fèi)者l追求新鮮、衛(wèi)生、品質(zhì)良好且對價(jià)格較不敏感的消費(fèi)者l收入水準(zhǔn)或教育水準(zhǔn)較高，較喜歡嘗試新事物或追求時(shí)髦者l較注重購物環(huán)境舒適感的消費(fèi)者l女性多于男性，且年齡大多在18—55歲之間l單身在外者l外籍華人或曾赴國外居住一段時(shí)間者l比較喜歡閑逛的消費(fèi)者☆競爭者特性l強(qiáng)調(diào)價(jià)格導(dǎo)向，低價(jià)銷售l強(qiáng)調(diào)本身具有生鮮處理技術(shù)及鮮度管理技術(shù)，可維持生鮮商品的品質(zhì)l所有產(chǎn)品都品種齊全，或在某些類別品種上特別齊全l強(qiáng)調(diào)某些類別商品的特色l可提供額外的服務(wù)l可提供特別的金融服務(wù)l強(qiáng)調(diào)賣場氣氛及促銷活動(dòng)的個(gè)性化l強(qiáng)調(diào)高格調(diào)的整體形象l強(qiáng)調(diào)能提供新的商品知識及新的料理方法l強(qiáng)調(diào)連鎖經(jīng)營，距離家較近l提供購物時(shí)間的方便l強(qiáng)調(diào)可提供選購的多樣禮品l積極參與公益活動(dòng)☆本身?xiàng)l件l經(jīng)營理念l財(cái)務(wù)資金能力及運(yùn)作狀況l專業(yè)管理技術(shù)l生鮮處理人才及技術(shù)企業(yè)知名度與形象l人才培育及人力補(bǔ)充計(jì)劃l工薪、福利水準(zhǔn)l后勤補(bǔ)助能力◆開業(yè)策略※經(jīng)營☆獨(dú)立式或附屬式獨(dú)立式：專業(yè)經(jīng)營，以超市為主體，大都注重生鮮商品銷售附屬式：為各百貨公司附屬的超市，其超市功能較弱，目的為集客☆連鎖店或單店連鎖店：以多店連鎖性質(zhì)開展，直營連鎖占大多數(shù)。單店：僅此一家，別無分號☆全國性或地方性全國性：以連鎖形態(tài)經(jīng)營，而超越區(qū)域性范圍。優(yōu)點(diǎn)是可建立全國銷售網(wǎng)，而且知名度高，可運(yùn)用大量媒體宣傳造勢；缺點(diǎn)是后勤補(bǔ)給困難度較大，銷售網(wǎng)易有空隙、管理不易。地方性：單店或區(qū)域內(nèi)的連鎖店。優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)與“全國性”正好相反☆求發(fā)展、求生存或求收益求發(fā)展：搶據(jù)點(diǎn)方式，快速出店求生存：采用以店養(yǎng)店方式求收益：只開賺錢店☆高格調(diào)或大眾化高格調(diào)：從裝潢、設(shè)備的投資到人員服務(wù)訓(xùn)練、商品選擇，均以高品質(zhì)為要求大眾化：采低成本運(yùn)營的方式，使低成本反應(yīng)在商品售價(jià)上☆購買或承租購買：優(yōu)點(diǎn)是可永續(xù)經(jīng)營、享受不動(dòng)產(chǎn)增值之利益、可掌握用途主倥權(quán)，缺點(diǎn)是資金需求大，投資風(fēng)險(xiǎn)高承租：以合約的方式承租經(jīng)營一段時(shí)間，其優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)與上述相反☆超市專業(yè)或超市業(yè)加不動(dòng)產(chǎn)業(yè)超市專業(yè)：系指經(jīng)營者僅專一經(jīng)營超市，不涉及其他行業(yè)超市業(yè)