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句中 ,表示將來(lái)某時(shí)完成的動(dòng)作, I’ll go to your home when I have finished my homework. If it has stopped snowing in the morning, we’ll go to the park. 返回 過(guò)去完成時(shí) ( 1)過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或者某一動(dòng)作之前完成的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài);句中常用 by, before, until, when等詞引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。 By the end of last year we had built five new houses. I had learnt 5000 words before I entered the university. ( 2)過(guò)去完成時(shí)的動(dòng)詞還可以表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻之前發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或者狀態(tài)持續(xù)到過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間或者持續(xù)下去。 Before he slept, he had worked for 12 hours. ( 3)在 told, said, knew, heard, thought等動(dòng)詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句。 She said (that) she had never been to Paris. ( 4)在過(guò)去不同時(shí)間發(fā)生的兩個(gè)動(dòng)作中,發(fā)生在先,用過(guò)去完成時(shí);發(fā)生在后,用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。 When the police arrived, the thieves had run away. ( 5)表示意向的動(dòng)詞,如 hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等,用過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示 原本 … ,未能 …“ We had hoped that you would e, but you didn39。t. 返回 一般過(guò)去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)之比較 1)過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或單純敘述過(guò)去的事情,強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作;現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)為過(guò)去發(fā)生的,強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去的事情對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響,強(qiáng)調(diào)的是影響。 2)過(guò)去時(shí)常與具體的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用,而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)通常與模糊的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用,或無(wú)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。 ◎ 一般過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有: yesterday, last week, …ago, in1980, in October, just now, 具體的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。 ◎ 共同的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有: this morning, tonight, this April, now, once, before, already, recently, lately等。 ◎ 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有: for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till / until, up to now, in past years, always, 等不確定的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。 請(qǐng)大家認(rèn)真分析比較下列各例句: I saw this film yesterday. (強(qiáng)調(diào)看的動(dòng)作發(fā)生過(guò)了。) I have seen this film. 強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響,電影的內(nèi)容已經(jīng)知道了。 返回 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) ( 指說(shuō)話人說(shuō)話時(shí) ) 正在發(fā)生的事情。 W