【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 設(shè)計(jì)心得我認(rèn)為我的這次畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)是我大學(xué)里專業(yè)學(xué)習(xí)收獲最多的一次。在設(shè)計(jì)過程中，我系統(tǒng)的復(fù)習(xí)了以前學(xué)過的知識(shí)，對(duì)我知識(shí)體系的鞏固和升華有很大的促進(jìn)作用。以下是我這次設(shè)計(jì)的心得體會(huì)，愿與大家分享?，F(xiàn)在的機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)可以說是一種組合和篩選。由于世界范圍的工業(yè)大生產(chǎn)，專業(yè)化、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化成為一種必然。社會(huì)的飛速進(jìn)步也要求我們提高勞動(dòng)生產(chǎn)率。這就要求現(xiàn)代企業(yè)必須能夠滿足大規(guī)模的生產(chǎn)要求，而標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化是這一趨勢(shì)的必然出路。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化是有利也有弊的，它的主要弊端就是使許多企業(yè)單純依靠標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，失去了創(chuàng)新的能力。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是一個(gè)最低的要求，是社會(huì)技術(shù)成熟的結(jié)果，它并不代表行業(yè)最先進(jìn)的技術(shù)和設(shè)計(jì)方法。所以我們要在滿足標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化的同時(shí)進(jìn)行技術(shù)創(chuàng)新，才能不斷進(jìn)步。只有這樣，設(shè)計(jì)才不會(huì)是一種純粹的數(shù)學(xué)游戲，而成為一種神圣的職業(yè)。國(guó)內(nèi)的技術(shù)創(chuàng)新主要集中在零件上，這些年來，許多企業(yè)也加大了對(duì)控制方面的重視。但是我認(rèn)為機(jī)器整體的機(jī)型變化也很重要?，F(xiàn)在的起重機(jī)械，尤其是港口機(jī)械的機(jī)型雖然是許多前輩們辛苦努力的結(jié)果，但是這不能意味著這些機(jī)型就是完美的，尤其是我們也可以改進(jìn)。比如利渤海爾的新型的港口移動(dòng)式起重機(jī)，這種機(jī)型是一種多功能的機(jī)型，具有以往許多機(jī)型的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，同時(shí)也舍棄了許多不合理的地方。專業(yè)其實(shí)是觸類旁通的，現(xiàn)代流行的許多設(shè)計(jì)理念比如有限元法，反求工程，工程數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)，可靠性設(shè)計(jì)，疲勞設(shè)計(jì)，健壯設(shè)計(jì)等其實(shí)都不是搞機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)的學(xué)者想出來的。國(guó)家863計(jì)劃中有一個(gè)CIM（計(jì)算機(jī)集成制造）工程，是由華中科技大學(xué)、清華大學(xué)、西安交通大學(xué)、北京航空航天大學(xué)的一些做機(jī)械加工工藝的老師共同完成的?，F(xiàn)在的許多設(shè)計(jì)理念其實(shí)都是這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的派生物，現(xiàn)在這個(gè)項(xiàng)目完成的最好，同時(shí)也演化出許多設(shè)計(jì)理念，比如模塊化設(shè)計(jì)，并行工程，全壽命周期設(shè)計(jì)，仿真與模擬設(shè)計(jì)，動(dòng)態(tài)分析等。所以我們不能固步自封地只想著起重機(jī)方面的東西。我們的專業(yè)學(xué)習(xí)范圍本身就比較小，如果我們沒有意識(shí)到這一點(diǎn)，我們就不能取得很大的突破。學(xué)習(xí)是一個(gè)不斷進(jìn)步的過程，當(dāng)初我在初次遇到一些概念，比如并行工程，產(chǎn)品全壽命，快速響應(yīng)設(shè)計(jì)，模塊化設(shè)計(jì)，可持續(xù)發(fā)展設(shè)計(jì)等時(shí)，我對(duì)這些概念不以為然，認(rèn)為搞這些設(shè)計(jì)的人都是在浪費(fèi)國(guó)家的錢，當(dāng)時(shí)我片面的認(rèn)為這些名詞更應(yīng)該是工業(yè)工程的范圍，市工業(yè)管理應(yīng)該研究的對(duì)象?，F(xiàn)在回想起來，自己當(dāng)初就是太狹隘了，在現(xiàn)在的社會(huì)化大生產(chǎn)中，以人為本的設(shè)計(jì)思想，高效、準(zhǔn)確、服務(wù)已經(jīng)成為企業(yè)的核心思想，作為一個(gè)設(shè)計(jì)人員，更應(yīng)該充分的掌握這些服務(wù)理念，其實(shí)也是一種設(shè)計(jì)理念。CAD技術(shù)的應(yīng)用是一種必然。這是我第一次在設(shè)計(jì)中應(yīng)用CAD繪圖很明顯的感覺到它的方便、快捷，現(xiàn)代高節(jié)奏的特征要求我們提高效率，而CAD技術(shù)是必然的途徑?，F(xiàn)代的許多企業(yè)各個(gè)設(shè)計(jì)人員各自為政，資源不能共享，其實(shí)一些通用的設(shè)計(jì)是可以做到這一點(diǎn)的，比如起重機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)中的各個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)件的快，如果每一個(gè)人建立一個(gè)屬于自己的塊集，浪費(fèi)大量的時(shí)間，我們其實(shí)可以共享一個(gè)塊集的，這也說明我們的企業(yè)還沒有做到從傳統(tǒng)企業(yè)到現(xiàn)代企業(yè)的轉(zhuǎn)變。這次設(shè)計(jì)是對(duì)大學(xué)四年專業(yè)課學(xué)習(xí)的一個(gè)系統(tǒng)的總結(jié)，既復(fù)習(xí)了自己所學(xué)的知識(shí)，同時(shí)也延伸和拓展了它們，為我們順利走上工作崗位，勝任單位地工作打下了良好的基礎(chǔ)。這次設(shè)計(jì)增強(qiáng)了我對(duì)專業(yè)學(xué)習(xí)的信心，我將帶著一顆熱忱的心去迎接我的工作，開始我人生的又一新階段！參考文獻(xiàn)［1］ 楊長(zhǎng)揆、（第二版）.北京：機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社，1985.［2］ 陳道南、（第二版）.北京：冶金工業(yè)出版社，1991［3］ ：機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社，2003［4］ 西南交通大學(xué)等。：機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社，2001［5］ 起重機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)手冊(cè)編寫組。起重機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)手冊(cè)。北京：機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社，1985［6］ （第四版）.北京：高等教育出版社，2005［7］ 孫桓、陳作模、葛文杰（西北工業(yè)大學(xué)機(jī)械原理及機(jī)械零件教研室）.機(jī)械原理（第七版）.北京：高等教育出版社，2006［8］ 濮良貴、紀(jì)名剛、陳國(guó)定、吳立言（西北工業(yè)大學(xué)機(jī)械原理及機(jī)械零件教研室）機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)（第八版）.北京：高等教育出版社，2007［9］ （第四版）.北京：高等教育出版社，2006［10］ （第六版）.北京：高等教育出版社，2006［11］ （第四版）.北京：高等教育出版社，2006［12］ ：太原科技大學(xué)教材，2008［13］ 劉瑞新、曾令宜、：電子工業(yè)出版社，2005Numerical control technology to go on technology that control with digital information to mechanical movement and working course, numerical control equipment whether represented by technology of numerical control new technology make industry and new developing infiltration electromechanics integrated product that form of manufacturing industry to tradition, . what is called digitization equip, its technological range covers a lot of fields: (1)Mechanical manufacturing technology。 (2)Information processing , processing , transmission technology。 (3)Automatic control technology。 (4)Servo drive technology。 (5)Transducer technology。 (6)Software engineering ,etc..1 Development trend of a numerical control technologyThe application of the technology of numerical control has not only brought the revolutionary change to traditional manufacturing industry, make the manufacturing industry bee the industrialized symbol , and with the constant development of the technology of numerical control and enlargement of application, the development of he some important trades (IT , car , light industry , medical treatment ,etc. ) to the national economy and the people39。39。s livelihood plays a more and more important role, because these trade necessary digitization that equipped has already been the main trend of modern development. According to the technology of numerical control and equipment development trend in the world at present, its main research focus has the following several respect [1~4]. A highspeed , high finish machining technology and new trend equippedEfficiency, quality are subjects of the advanced manufacturing technology. At a high speed, high finish machining technology can raise the efficiency greatly, quality and grade to raise product, shorten production cycle and improve the petitive power of market. Japan carry technological research association classify their as one of the 5 loud modern manufacturing technologies first for this reason, learn (CIRP ) to confirm it as the centre in the 21st century to study one of the directions in international production engineering. In the field of car industry, produce 40 second when beat such as production of 300,000 / vehicle per year, and many variety process it is car that equip one of the key problems that must be solved。 In the fields of aviation and aerospace industry, its processing39。39。s spare parts are mostly the thin wall and thin muscle, rigidity very bad, material aluminum or aluminum alloy, in high to cut pace and cut strength very under the little situation only, could process these muscles, walls. Adopt largescale whole aluminium alloy blank method of pay empty make the wing recently, largescale parts such as the fuselage ,etc. e to substitute a lot of parts to assemble through numerous rivet , screw and other connection ways, make the intensity , rigidity and dependability of the ponent improved. All these requirement for processing and equipping and proposing highspeed , high and precise and high flexibility.According to EMO2001 exhibition situation, the highspeed machining center enters for the pace to can reach 80m/min, even high。 air transport petent pace can reach 100m/min about. A lot of car factories in the world at present, including Shanghai General Motors Corporation of our country, adopt, substitute and makethe lathe up with highspeed machining center production line part that make up already. HyperMach lathe of Company , CINCINNATI of . , enter , give pace to be most loud to reach 60m/min, it is 100m/min to be fast, acceleration reach 2g, the rotational speed of the main shaft has already reached 60 000r/min. Processing a thin wall of plane parts, spend 30min only, and same part general at a high speed milling machine process and take 3h, process and need 8h with ordinary milling machine。 The paces and acceleration of main shaft of dual main shaft lathes of Germany DMG Company reach 12* separately! 000r/mm and 1g. In machining accuracy, in the past 10 years, ordinary progressi