【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 大的創(chuàng)造性天才。在這最后的時(shí)期，他使奏鳴曲形式服從他完全成熟的音樂家才能的非凡幻想。貝多芬晚期的創(chuàng)作，明顯傾向于曲式結(jié)構(gòu)的完全自由，擺脫一切傳統(tǒng)規(guī)則。而即興性，心理的探索，深刻的哲理性，以及浪漫主義的藝術(shù)思維，是這時(shí)期作品的突出特點(diǎn)。五首奏鳴曲都表現(xiàn)出對(duì)發(fā)展技巧的極大興趣。個(gè)別的樂章有時(shí)被外來的插句所打斷，形成了一種全新的表情方式。他往往在這些段落運(yùn)用賦格和戲劇性的朗誦。復(fù)調(diào)的寫法用得更多，并更加復(fù)雜。和聲概念更為大膽，色彩濃淡的變化更豐富，而音響之宏偉，卻產(chǎn)生于他已完全耳聾時(shí)！貝多芬的獨(dú)創(chuàng)風(fēng)格似乎超越了鋼琴的局限，因而以巨大的難度向演奏者挑戰(zhàn)。貝多芬的最后五首奏鳴曲形成了他奏鳴曲寫作的頂峰，它們呈現(xiàn)了一切鋼琴創(chuàng)作中最深刻和微妙的音樂解釋方面的問題。這里的音樂思想帶有一種感情的深度和幾乎預(yù)示性的升華，它要求演奏者具有非凡的獻(xiàn)身精神和深刻的音樂洞察力。邵義強(qiáng)在《古典音樂400年—維也納古典音樂賞析》中講到在貝多芬的32首鋼琴奏鳴曲中第十四鋼琴奏鳴曲也就是《月光奏鳴曲》最為著名。關(guān)于這首奏鳴曲的標(biāo)題來有一個(gè)故事。相傳一個(gè)月夜，貝多芬散步郊外，聽到從農(nóng)舍的窗前，發(fā)現(xiàn)是一個(gè)雙目失明的少女在彈奏他的奏鳴曲。貝多芬深為感動(dòng)，特地為她演奏一曲。這時(shí)，一陣夜風(fēng)吹熄了室內(nèi)的蠟燭，月光從窗外照射進(jìn)來，室內(nèi)猶如披上銀色輕紗。貝多芬即將此景表現(xiàn)在所寫奏樂曲中，從而產(chǎn)生了這首“月光”奏鳴曲。這只是一個(gè)美麗的傳說，實(shí)際上貝多芬這首曲子寫于1801年。這是獻(xiàn)給戀人朱列塔的，這位年輕貌美的姑娘，曾是貝多芬的鋼琴學(xué)生，后來兩人情意相投，卻因朱列踏的父親注重門第而反對(duì)，婚事告吹。貝多芬遭到此一深痛的打擊后，就將他的感情傾泄在這熱情奔放的鋼琴曲中?！渡膭?dòng)律》中秋華寫到全曲共三個(gè)樂章。表現(xiàn)了從深深的悲哀的心理狀態(tài)到強(qiáng)烈火般的抵抗戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的心理狀態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)換。第一樂章是以單三部曲式寫成，有冥想的柔情，悲傷的吟誦，具有浪漫主義夜曲的特點(diǎn)，是深刻的幻想，是暗淡的色調(diào)。整個(gè)樂章的音樂平靜而從容，不斷的勻稱的三連音貫穿全曲。第二樂章是小快板，是一支變化的小步舞曲。它帶諧謔性質(zhì)，調(diào)子輕巧，富有生趣得穿插在第一、三樂章中間。第一段從圓滑奏與斷奏相互呼應(yīng)的第一主題開始，然后變奏著反復(fù)。中段主題也用降D大調(diào)作成，有拖曳般的切分節(jié)奏。隨后又返回第一段。 第三樂章是激動(dòng)的快板，奏鳴曲式。這是整首奏鳴曲中最富于戲劇性和矛盾沖突的部分，是整個(gè)樂曲的高潮。樂章的主部是暴風(fēng)雨般的熱情迸發(fā)，音樂極富動(dòng)力，從低音區(qū)一直沖到高音區(qū)，形成一股不可阻擋的激流，副部有著堅(jiān)毅的性格，相對(duì)要 理智些。第一樂章中那忍耐和壓抑的痛苦在這里變?yōu)椴活櫼磺械匕l(fā)出呼叫，充分表現(xiàn)了與命運(yùn)搏斗的大無畏精神。結(jié)尾使呈示部的緊張氣氛微緩和下來。樂曲經(jīng)過短短的展開部后，內(nèi)心的激動(dòng)表現(xiàn)得更為強(qiáng)烈，感情極為奔放。在尾聲中，當(dāng)沸騰的熱情達(dá)到頂點(diǎn)時(shí)，突然沉寂下來，但洶涌澎湃的心潮并沒有就此平靜，而是在作最后的沖擊。貝多芬?guī)煶星胺ǘ痪心嘤谇胺?，大膽地尋求更適合表現(xiàn)內(nèi)容的形式和方法。力求創(chuàng)新這種以內(nèi)容決定形式的創(chuàng)作手法，給予后來的浪漫主義的樂派很大的啟迪，直到今天還是值得我們學(xué)習(xí)的。Title purpose musical sound of moonlight piano sonataThe piano sonata is the divertimento of a kind of piano performance, it is a piano works structure form of the monly used largescale , many movement in the European classical music. This kind of melody form passes the development of 200 histories of more than years, has formed one39。s own special structure. They are mostly made up of three four movements。 The first movement the allegro, the second movement the adagio, the third movement the allegro。 Or: The first movement the allegro, the second movement the adagio, the third movement minuet, the fourth movement the allegro. At speed, all movement form contrast on fast slow fast .Compared with forefathers Beethoven39。s piano sonata, has more broad expressions , stress the dramatic music result even more. The pass of piano performance has been expanded , the contrast of dynamics has been strengthened, the skill of the finger has been improved, and has also strengthened the contrast factor within the sonata form structure , has expanded the contradiction conflict of the launching department and motive force of development. Beethoven39。s New Testament pandect known as pianist of 32 pianos sonata ( the Old Testament pandect is Bach39。s leading the piano music to be collected equally . Writing time is over 30 years, on the style of the music and spiritual content, regarded as Beethoven39。s music autobiography. The most wellknown the 14th piano sonata among them.This piece have one story that it is very wide spreads. It is said , the sun sets Beethoven takes a walk in the countryside on some day , the sound of the piano es in a simple and crude log cabin to hear sometimes. Stop and listen attentively to, that melody is exactly a piano sonata that he does. In so poor a countryside household, someone played so difficult to understand a melody unexpectedly, make him very curious, go to outside the window to listen. Suddenly the sound of musical instrument was stopped, have the young girl39。s voices to sighed: Oh not all right, this section is too difficult, I do not play well. If can hear Beethoven plays , how well . A man says : Well, if not so poor, I am sure to try to buy a ticket , let you hear his play. As soon as Beethoven greatly moves, Beethoven knocks at the door to enter, is a shoemaker who is still working at the moment , by the shabby piano , a young girl with blind eyes sits. Knowing the elder brother that a shoemaker is the young girl, two people are interdependent, the young girl listens to neighbouring noble39。s family playing the musical instrument, have remembered this melody of big musician Mr. Beethoven 39。s. Beethoven says: I am a musician too, want to play a song to hear for this girl. He get up young girl melody played just now in the old musical instrument popup. The musical sound is inparably wonderful , one was played unexpectedly, made this young girl with blind eyes move the full cheek of hot tears . Suddenly the wind blew out the fire of candles at night, the bright moonlight was invaded from the window, covered the young girl with blind eyes and keyboard of the piano exactly . Beethoven feel by so quiet and beautiful a situation, happy to think spring well up , make the moonlight sonata extempore at the piano right away. At the beginning, musical instrument sound quiet and nice and peaceful, is it pay the canopy of the heavens to rise slowly such as bright moon, only sheds the silver to the forest and wild mountains and rivers. In the second section, the melody bees brisk vivaciously , the spirit who is naughty plays in the moonlight. Finally, the melody surges and whizzs past towards the vast ocean that agitates . Beethoven stood up and right away went out it at the door, while is it e back home to running, wrote the melody played just now in the stave that very night The immortal moonlight sonata was born! And that pair of poor brother and sister, also immerse it in the happiness ing down from the Heaven here.This story is false, have no help at all to the content which understands moonlight sonata especially, but this beautiful mistake lets countless soul love the music from then on ! The whole song amounts to three movements. Have displayed the conversion which resists the psychological condition that fights for of the station from the deep grieved psychological condition to the strong fire.The first movement: Lasting adagio, c ditty rises, 2/2 of the beats, free ballad musical form. The illusion, mysterious pondering, sorrowful movement perhaps, make poet Rell Tubb associate it with the moonlight then just,