【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 沫和清水管道的局部水頭損失都按系統(tǒng)管道沿程壓力損失值的 20%估算。 清水泵:i= ?2dV??=（100）/ 10=?/%)0(??31根據(jù)洪湖藍(lán)天公司生產(chǎn)的清水冷卻水噴咀的工作壓力為 ，由 可知gh?P?要加 35m 的揚(yáng)程。又因?yàn)橛凸薜淖畲蟾叨葹? 所以 =39。0h= =39。Zh39。39。39。39。???揚(yáng)程余量系數(shù)取 ，所以 H=*= m流量余量系數(shù) 取 ，所以 Q=*= m3/S= L/S= m3/h所以根據(jù)查設(shè)計(jì)手冊(cè)P577 選泵:200TSW 型節(jié)段式多級(jí)離心泵，級(jí)數(shù)為 3 級(jí)流量 Q=,揚(yáng)程 H=117m，轉(zhuǎn)速：1450r/min，電機(jī)功率：180kw，軸功率：129kw，效率：74%，允許吸上真空高度：，葉輪直徑：356mm。吸入口處法蘭：DN200,吐出口出法蘭：DN155。電動(dòng)機(jī):JO 3型電機(jī) 泡沫泵:i= ?2dV??0849.=（100）/ 10=?/%)0(??31因?yàn)椴椤妒蛶?kù)工藝設(shè)計(jì)手冊(cè)》P706 可知 PC8 和 PC16 泡沫產(chǎn)生器的工作壓力為 ，由可知要加 50m 的揚(yáng)程。又因?yàn)橛凸薜淖畲蟾叨葹? 所以 =?P? 39。0h= =39。Zh39。39。39。39。???揚(yáng)程余量系數(shù)取 ，所以 H=*= m流量余量系數(shù)取 ，所以 Q=*=所以根據(jù)查設(shè)計(jì)手冊(cè)P588 選泵:150D30 型節(jié)段式多級(jí)離心泵，級(jí)數(shù)為 3 級(jí)。流量 Q=,揚(yáng)程 H=，轉(zhuǎn)速：1480r/min，電機(jī)功率：75kw，軸功率：，效率：77%，允許吸上真空高度：，葉輪直徑：305mm。吸入口處法蘭：DN150,吐出口出法蘭：DN150。電動(dòng)機(jī):JO 泡沫比例混合器的確定泡沫混合液流量 Q=泡沫液的流量 q=Q*4%=*=查石油庫(kù)工藝設(shè)計(jì)手冊(cè)p705 得選 1 臺(tái) PHY32 型環(huán)泵式泡沫比例混合器可滿足需求。 消火栓數(shù)的確定消火栓數(shù)計(jì)算公式為： 6014??冷QN計(jì)算庫(kù)區(qū)所有罐需要的消火栓數(shù)結(jié)果如下表：Q 總 L/min 消火栓數(shù)601/602 11504/1505 13006 23007 21003 1查《低倍數(shù)泡沫滅火系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范》有：第 3．1．8 條 采用固定式泡沫滅火系統(tǒng)的儲(chǔ)罐區(qū)，應(yīng)沿防火堤外側(cè)均勻布置泡沫消火栓。泡沫消火栓 m 的間距不應(yīng)大于 6om，且設(shè)置數(shù)量不宜少于4 個(gè)。所以以消火栓的保護(hù)距離為 60m 計(jì)算，在防火堤周?chē)O(shè) 3 組消火栓，在庫(kù)區(qū)設(shè) 4 組消火栓可滿足要求。 消防泵房配電系統(tǒng)計(jì)算泵房中有 180kw 的泵泡沫泵和 75kw 的清水泵各兩臺(tái)，但其中兩臺(tái)是備用泵，所以實(shí)際運(yùn)行時(shí)的功率為 255kw，當(dāng)考慮到保險(xiǎn)，我們?nèi)园凑?4 臺(tái)泵一起運(yùn)行的功率計(jì)算，及 510kw，同時(shí)考慮照明電路使用的 8 盞 100w 防爆日光燈共為 ，所以最后取 。4. 設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明 主要設(shè)計(jì)部分本消防系統(tǒng)主要包括消防泵房、消防管道、消防噴淋系統(tǒng)，消防泡沫、消防水池等部分。 消防泵房的位置消防泵房設(shè)在離罐組適當(dāng)距離的地方，保證了在火災(zāi)情況下消防泵房這一消防系統(tǒng)核心的安全，同時(shí)能在接警后的 5 分鐘內(nèi)對(duì)著火罐產(chǎn)生作用。以冷卻水和泡沫混合液中最不利情況計(jì)算，即速度取 3m/s，管道長(zhǎng)度取 100m，所以從啟動(dòng)到系統(tǒng)對(duì)油罐產(chǎn)生作用用時(shí)為 。一滿足了設(shè)計(jì)要求。同時(shí)考慮原有泵房處于最大的山洞消防水池出口處，非常有利于降低泵入口處的吸入管線摩阻，而且原有泵房的面積高度等都符合了新泵房的要求，所以本改造不對(duì)泵房房體進(jìn)行重新改造和建造。 位于山頂消防水罐的利用消防系統(tǒng)有 2 座的消防水池，一座消防水罐位于山頂，通過(guò)管線將水直接連接到消防系統(tǒng)的冷卻水管網(wǎng)中，使平時(shí)主要管網(wǎng)隨時(shí)處于中壓狀態(tài)，減少了火災(zāi)時(shí)冷卻水到達(dá)著火罐的時(shí)間，也有利于管網(wǎng)平時(shí)的防腐、檢漏和維護(hù)。又因山洞消防水量已經(jīng)足夠滅火需要并大大有余，所以平時(shí)庫(kù)區(qū)清洗物品、澆花等日常工作用水都可以次為水源，既節(jié)約了油庫(kù)的自來(lái)水用水量又能使庫(kù)區(qū)的清水得到充分。 關(guān)于消防水源因庫(kù)區(qū)位于海邊，沒(méi)有水源，同時(shí)油罐及其附件經(jīng)受不起海水的腐蝕，所以海水不能直接取作消防水用，所以本設(shè)計(jì)中的消防水池的水源為市高壓自來(lái)水管網(wǎng)，能保證水池中消防水的隨時(shí)補(bǔ)充，且保證了補(bǔ)充水的水質(zhì)，也因此，在防火堤外不再曾設(shè)過(guò)濾器。 消防電路說(shuō)明本油庫(kù)本是三級(jí)油庫(kù)。按規(guī)定在泵房應(yīng)設(shè)兩路電源，所以接入兩路符合要求的線路，以防止其中一路因維修獲故障停電時(shí)依然能保證泵房電力的供應(yīng)。 消防管道安裝形式應(yīng)東油庫(kù)地處東南沿海，氣候濕潤(rùn)多雨，常年下雨并常會(huì)受到臺(tái)風(fēng)的侵襲，庫(kù)區(qū)原有消防系統(tǒng)為地下管道系統(tǒng)，已受腐蝕十分嚴(yán)重，所以本次改造設(shè)計(jì)中所有消防管道由原來(lái)的地下改為地上管道系統(tǒng)，并離地面 10cm 以上，以減少腐蝕速度。這樣也有利于日常對(duì)管道的檢查和除銹、上漆等維護(hù)工作的展開(kāi)。 消防栓的設(shè)置消防栓的配置共 5 對(duì)，清水消火栓和泡沫消火栓成對(duì)不布置，以減少消防員在滅火時(shí)用于尋找消火栓的時(shí)間。消火栓數(shù)量上首先滿足了每個(gè)油罐的最低要求沒(méi)符合整個(gè)庫(kù)區(qū)至少需要 4 個(gè)消火栓的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。設(shè)計(jì)中在泵房外面配置了一對(duì)消火栓，用于對(duì)泵房的保護(hù)，中央閥區(qū)配置了一對(duì)消火栓用于對(duì)附近工具房和修理房的保護(hù)，同時(shí)也用對(duì)對(duì)油罐的保護(hù)，其它則基本用于對(duì)油罐的保護(hù)。 外來(lái)消防力量接入本系統(tǒng)根據(jù)規(guī)定，對(duì)于固定消防系統(tǒng)最好要有移動(dòng)式消防系統(tǒng)的功能，所以本設(shè)計(jì)中考慮在中央閥區(qū)設(shè)置外來(lái)消防力量接入本系統(tǒng)的管牙接口，以實(shí)現(xiàn)固定消防系統(tǒng)兼具移動(dòng)消防系統(tǒng)的功能。5．參考文獻(xiàn) [2]：.[3]石油庫(kù)設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范（GB500742022）[M] .北京：[4] gb50151－ 年局部修訂條文[5] GBJ74 一 (修訂本).司，中華人民共和國(guó)石油工業(yè)部.[6] [7] ＧＢＪ８４－.[8].[9 GBJ1687.][10] 邱 . 2022（1）.1820[11] . 2022 (1) .4647[12] . 天然氣與石油. 2022（3）.2529[13] 劉 暉,. 2022 （9）.4850[14] . 2022（3）.5051[15]. 詹姆斯 Protection Criteria Alaska Oil Producing Platforms. 215219[16] D. Its Efficiency in Tank Fires. Fire Technology. Foam Its Efficiency In Tank Fires D. H I R D , A. RODRIGUEZ, and D. S M I T H . Naval Research Laboratory [Abstract]： The increasing use of floating roof tanks for the storage of flammable liquids has given rise to a tendency toward using foam monitors for fire protection instead of fixed authors studied the effect of application methods on foam efficiency and pared the effectiveness of two proteinbased foams, Light Water, and a fluoroprotein foam known as . 70. The effect of foam properties on the fire fighting ability of protein foam on bulk fuel storage fires has been examined in a number of reports. In all cases, foam was applied gently onto the fuel surface. The results obtained are conveniently summarized in a report by Tuve and Peterson. 1 They concluded the following: ? That the expansion or density of a foam has little bearing on its efficiency as long as it exceeds a critical minimum value。 ? That foam viscosity and its rate of water precipitation are closely related。 and ? That a surface application density of gpm/ft2. of waterinfoam is needed to equilibrate the heat produced by the test fire. Simila results were obtained by the Joint Fire Research Organization and are summarized in a paper by French et All this work, carried out by applying foam gently to the surface of the burning fuel, simulated the type of application obtained with the fixed, top applicators prevalent at the time. [Keywords]：tanks、fire、foam 、studied the effectEFFECT OF MODERN STORAGE METHODS Recent trends in the storage of Class A flammable liquids have been towards much larger diameter floating roof tanks without provision for fixed, foam application. Experience shows that fixed foam applicators are *Imperial gallons are used throughout this paper . A British Institute of Petroleum classification for flammable liquids having closed cup flash points below 73176。 F (176。 C), which is parable to Class IA and Class IB materials as defined in the Flammable Liquids Code (NFPA No. 30). highly vulnerable to damage in the event of a serious outbreak of fire, and there is now a tendency towards the use of highcapacity foam monitors for the protection of storage tanks. These are capable of delivering more than 600 gpm of waterinfoam. Foam produced from monitors or from other types of mobile equipment obviously cannot be applied gently to the fuel surface in a storage tank, and although there has been an understanding that there would be some loss in efficiency under these conditions, no quantitative information is available .The work described in this paper was undertaken in an attempt to provide such quantitative information . LABORATORY TESTS A smallscale laboratory test having a fire area of ft2 was set up in which foam produced in a laboratory foam generator3 was applied as a straight stream onto burning 90 octane gasoline. The size of the orifice was adjusted with changes in application rate to give a constant stream velocity of m/s