【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 我記得今天把那封信發(fā)出去了。I39。ll remember to post the letter for you .我會(huì)記得幫你將信發(fā)出去的。I regret not telling her the truth before she left .我后悔在她離開(kāi)前告訴她實(shí)情。I regret to say I am not prepared well enough for the new post .很遺憾地說(shuō)，我還沒(méi)有為新的職位作好充分的準(zhǔn)備。在begin , start , 和cease之后，接動(dòng)名詞表示強(qiáng)調(diào)有意識(shí)地開(kāi)始或停止某動(dòng)作；不定式則表示自然、突然地發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。例如：She began learning to cook before her marriage .她是婚前開(kāi)始學(xué)燒飯的。It began to snow yesterday .昨天開(kāi)始下雪了。They started developing the new product in 1999 .1999年他們開(kāi)始研制那種新產(chǎn)品。 No sooner had we arrived home than it started to rain heavily. 我們剛一到家就下起大雨來(lái)了。He ceased smoking when he got something wrong with his lung .當(dāng)他的肺部出了毛病時(shí)，他停止吸煙了。Electronic games ceased to interested him after he began to work .他參加工作以后，電子游戲不再使他感興趣了。 stop后接動(dòng)名詞表示要停止動(dòng)名詞表示的動(dòng)作，而后接不定式則表示終止目前的動(dòng)作去做不定式表示的動(dòng)作 ；try后接動(dòng)名詞表示試著干某事，而后接不定式則表示盡力干某事 。例如：Stop talking please . (終止講話(huà)的動(dòng)作)請(qǐng)不要講話(huà)了。Let39。s stop to take a break . （開(kāi)始休息的動(dòng)作）讓我們停下來(lái)休息一會(huì)兒。The boy tried installing his puter and succeed at last . （試著安裝 ）那個(gè)男孩試著安裝他的電腦，最后成功了。I39。ll try to finish the position of the book by October .（盡力完成 ）我要盡力在十月以前完成這本書(shū)的寫(xiě)作。try to do something 與manage to do something 的區(qū)別， 前者表示盡力去做并不一定成功，而后者則表示成功了。d. 動(dòng)名詞作介詞的賓語(yǔ)，并與介詞一起構(gòu)成介詞短語(yǔ)在句子里擔(dān)當(dāng)定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)，如：I39。m looking forward to your ing next time . （作狀語(yǔ)） 我期待著您下一次的到來(lái)。On hearing our delegation in Sydney had won 28 gold medals , all the Chinese people cheered up with great joy and showed their great respects to our athletes . （作狀語(yǔ)）當(dāng)聽(tīng)到我國(guó)在悉尼的奧運(yùn)代表團(tuán)獲得了28塊金牌時(shí)，全中國(guó)人民都高興地歡呼起來(lái)，并向我們的運(yùn)動(dòng)健兒們表示崇高的敬意。The simplest kind of advertising is the classified ad .（作定語(yǔ)）最簡(jiǎn)單的廣告是分類(lèi)廣告。They are against using so many animals in experiments .（作表語(yǔ)）他們反對(duì)用如此多的動(dòng)物去做試驗(yàn)。另外，在說(shuō)明動(dòng)名詞的動(dòng)作狀態(tài)方面，我們有一般式和完成式。當(dāng)我們要強(qiáng)調(diào)說(shuō)明動(dòng)名詞動(dòng)作發(fā)生于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之前時(shí)，多用動(dòng)名詞的完成式；如果無(wú)意具體說(shuō)明動(dòng)名詞動(dòng)作發(fā)生于什么時(shí)候，或是動(dòng)名詞動(dòng)作與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作是同時(shí)發(fā)生時(shí)，就只用動(dòng)名詞的一般式。例如：He is fond of watching sportsgames .（一般式）他喜歡觀看體育競(jìng)賽。She likes making herself busy all the day .（一般式）她喜歡使自己終日忙忙碌碌的。The secretary was scolded for not having finished typing the report in time .（完成式）那位秘書(shū)因沒(méi)有按時(shí)將報(bào)告打印出來(lái)而受責(zé)備。I regret having said some rude words to my brother .（完成式）我后悔對(duì)我弟弟說(shuō)了些粗話(huà)。We have no idea of their having done such kind of thing（完成式）我們不知道他們干過(guò)這種事情。當(dāng)然，上面所將的也并不是絕對(duì)的。有些動(dòng)詞后（或成語(yǔ)中），我們也可用動(dòng)名詞的一般式表示發(fā)生于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之前的動(dòng)名詞動(dòng)作。例如：I don39。t remember ever seeing her any time .我不記得曾幾何時(shí)見(jiàn)過(guò)她。He apologized for interrupting us .他因打斷了我們的談話(huà)而向我們道歉。Thank you for offering me so much help .感謝你們給我提供了這么多的幫助。當(dāng)動(dòng)名詞在句子中的邏輯主語(yǔ)在意義上是動(dòng)名詞動(dòng)作的賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，我們應(yīng)當(dāng)用動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)形式。 being + 過(guò)去分詞是動(dòng)名詞被動(dòng)式的一般形式；having + been + 是動(dòng)名詞被動(dòng)式的完成形式。例如：People hate being praised for nothing .人們不喜歡無(wú)緣無(wú)故的贊揚(yáng)。The problem is far from being solved .這問(wèn)題遠(yuǎn)沒(méi)得到解決。His being elected our chairman made us think of a lot .他當(dāng)選為我們的主席使我們想起了許多許多。She didn39。t mind being left alone at home .她不介意被一人留在家里。After having been treated in the special way, he could deal with everything around him smoothly .他接受了特殊化的訓(xùn)練后，能順利地對(duì)付他周?chē)囊磺小e can39。t remember having been scolded by his boss for that matter . 他不記得老板曾為那件事責(zé)備過(guò)他。但是在很多情況下，我們常用動(dòng)名詞的一般被動(dòng)形式；避免使用動(dòng)名詞被動(dòng)式的完成形式，因?yàn)樗鼤?huì)使句子顯得累贅。最后，還有一點(diǎn)值得我們注意：want（需要）, need（需要）, deserve（值得）, require（需要）be worth(值得)等詞后，我們用動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)形式表達(dá)被動(dòng)意思。例如：Your car needs filling . 你這車(chē)要充氣了。This city deserves visiting . 這座城市值得光顧一下。The problem requires studying carefully .這個(gè)問(wèn)題需要認(rèn)真研究。The trees want watering .這些樹(shù)需要澆水了。The book is worth reading . 這本書(shū)值得一讀。既能接不定式，又能接動(dòng)詞ing 形式，但意思不同的動(dòng)詞或詞組： 即“四39。記’”“盡力”“停止后悔”。四“記”指“記得、記住（remember）”；“忘記（forget）”“計(jì)劃、打算（mean）”；“繼續(xù)（go on)”；盡力指“try”；“停止”“后悔”指stop與regret。②do+限定詞（my, some, any, the等）+ ing，表示“做…事”之意，如：We often do our cleaning on Saturday afternoon. Will you do any shopping on Saturday this afternoon?③作介詞的賓語(yǔ)：Her sister is good at learning physics.；④ 作形容詞worth, busy等的賓語(yǔ)：This book is well worth reading. –ing作賓語(yǔ)帶有賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，要用it作為形式賓語(yǔ)，而將作賓語(yǔ)的ing后置，如：We found it no good talking like that. Do you think it necessary trying again?（4）作定語(yǔ)：動(dòng)名詞作定語(yǔ)的情況并不是很普遍，因?yàn)槎鄶?shù)情況僅限于單個(gè)的動(dòng)名詞作定語(yǔ)。這種情況與單個(gè)的現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)有較大的區(qū)別：?jiǎn)蝹€(gè)的動(dòng)名詞作定語(yǔ)主要是說(shuō)明被修飾詞的用途等； 而單個(gè)的現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)則主要是表示被修飾詞正在做什么。請(qǐng)看下面的比較：swimming pool 游泳池( the pool for swimming) working people 勞動(dòng)人民( the people who are working) reading material 閱讀材料 sleeping child 熟睡孩子 walking stick 手杖 floating needle 浮針 opening speech 開(kāi)幕詞 oppressing class壓迫階級(jí) listening a