英國文學(xué)期末復(fù)習(xí)要點(diǎn)(編輯修改稿)
2024-12-11 20:06 本頁面
【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 無情打擊 ,還是應(yīng)與深如大海之無涯苦難奮然為敵 ,并將其克服。此二抉擇 , 就竟是哪個較崇高 ?死即睡眠 , 它不過如此 !倘若一眠能了結(jié)心靈之苦楚與肉體之百患 ,那么 , 此結(jié)局 是可盼的 !死去 , 睡去 ... 但在睡眠中可能有夢 , 啊 , 這就是個阻礙 :當(dāng)我們擺脫了此垂死之皮囊 ,在死之長眠中會有何夢來臨 ?它令我們躊躇 ,使我們心甘情愿的承受長年之災(zāi) ,否則誰肯容忍人間之百般折磨 ,如暴君之政、驕者 之傲、失戀之痛、法章之慢、貪官之侮、或庸民之辱 ,假如他能簡單的一刃了之 ?還有誰會肯去做牛做馬 , 終生疲於操勞 ,默默的忍受其苦其難 , 而不遠(yuǎn)走高飛 , 飄於渺茫之境 ,倘若他不是因恐懼身后之事而使他猶豫不前 ?此境乃無人知曉之邦 , 自古無返者。 The question is to live or not to live. Is it nobler to suffer the outrageous misfortunes or to oppose those misfortunes and end my life? I wish very much to die and no longer suffer the heartaches and natural shocks that exist. When we are dead it is possible that we can no longer dream, but when we sleep we can dream. There is no reason to suffer through life for so long. Who would want to suffer all the things that are bad in life, and there is so much。 unrequited love, the lack of efficient law, poor leadership. The patient man can not handle all of this and instead wants to take matters into his own hand even with a simple dagger. This would relieve the stresses that are suffered. But we do not know what awaits us in the afterlife and this is what is so frightening. No one has ever returned from death and this is why it is so frightening. When we die we go someplace that we are not familiar with and join people whom we are not familiar with. This is why we are all afraid of death, and so the person who thinks about this situation does not know what to do. We are afraid of the action that we take causing death. But wait, What about Ophelia, the spirit. May my sins be remembered forever! The character of Hamlet: ① Hamlet was a humanist, a man who is from medieval prejudices and superstitions. ② Starting from his humanist love of man, he turns to those around him with the same eagerness. ③ His intellectual genius is outstanding. ④ Hamlet’ s melancholy is not the negative, hairsplitting and fruitless kind. It is rather the result of his perating habit of mind. Hamlet is not a mere scholar, and his nature is by no means meditative. On the contrary, Hamlet is a man of genius, highly acplished and educated, a man of farreaching perception and sparkling wit. He is a scholar, solider and statesman. His image reflects the versatility of the men of the Renaissance. 五、 The Period of Revolution and Restoration (17C) 資產(chǎn)階級革命與王權(quán)復(fù)辟 革命時間 :1640～ 1689 年 復(fù)辟時間 :1660 年 曲折過程 :Common interests →conflict→The clashes between the King and parliament 1642 年 ,英國資產(chǎn)階級革命后的 20 年里 ,英國政局動蕩 ,戰(zhàn)火連綿不斷。以克倫威爾 Oliver Cromwell為代表的資產(chǎn)階級極權(quán)統(tǒng)治未能平息統(tǒng)治階層內(nèi)部及統(tǒng)治階級與勞動人民之間的矛盾?？藗愅査购?,斯圖亞特王朝卷土重來 ,查理二世CharlesⅡ 于 1660 年登上王位 ,這就是 王政復(fù)辟 (The Restoration,1660～ 1688)。 文學(xué)特點(diǎn)： English literature of this revolution and restoration period was very much concerned with the tremendous social upheavals of the time. 代表人物： ① John Donne(1572?1631)約翰 .多恩 “ metaphysical”
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