【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 eKey to exercisesI. Reading Comprehension 1. All kinds of lies: little lies, big lies, necessary lies, in order to insure social and psychological peace and fort.2. Human beings are biologically similar to chimpanzees. Therefore, we are not superior to other species.3. Lies prise our “reality”. We consciously choose lies over reality in order to keep our worlds ordered.4. Religion offers human minds security in the form of god or gods, myths and tales.5. Because myths and tales are more vivid and appealing while the truth is cruel.6. Without religion, magic, and the arts man would be in constant fear and anxiety regarding the purpose of his existence and what will happen when he dies.7. Hitler and other tyrants told “big lies” to create their own “truths” about German Aryan supremacy over Jews, Gypsies and others. Bigger lies, sensational lies, are more difficult to doubt.8. Open.II. Vocabulary 1. mask 2. embodying 3. shield 4. agonizing 5. manipulating 8. permeates 9. enchanted 10. consoled III. Phrases1. adjusting to2. gained an advantage over 3. yearning for4. abound in5. deprived of6. by chance7. points to8. attend toIV. Error Correction1. Considering the great need for improving many aspects of the global environment, one is surely justified in his concern for the money and resources that are poured into space exploration.2. Problem solving is a useful in obtaining happiness, but if you know that, given your inability to resolve a particular concern, you can still choose happiness for yourself, or at a minimum refuse to choose unhappiness, then you are intelligent. 3. Knowledge of several languages is essential when studying other majors because without it one can only read books in translation.4. There are good reasons to be troubled by the violence that spreads throughout the media. One might reasonably wonder what’s wrong with a society that presents videos of domestic violence as entertainment. 5. People with gray hair are often given discounts without even asking for them；yet，millions of Americans above age 60 are healthy and solvent.V. Cloze:(1) funerals(2) yielded to(3) condolence(4) deceased(5) insisted on(6) abrupt(7) turn out(8) tempting to(9) survivors(10) makes sense(11) lie in(12) omnipotence(13) wakes up(14) attend to(15) outgrowText B CheatingKey to Comprehension Questions1. Academic cheating is epidemic in the country39。s high schools and colleges. 2. Advances in technology have made cheating easier, but a more significant factor is the change in society’s values, an increasing ambivalence towards cheating and other dishonest behaviors. 3. People try to hide academic cheating by using different forms of technology. So technology helps encourage and mask the act of cheating.4. It39。s fast and quick and allows you to be in total denial about what you39。re doing.5. (open)6. Now parents are angry at institutions for doing something that might blot their kids39。 records. They do not care about cheating because they are practicing it themselves.7. Some schools have banned cell phones, cameras and other gadgets during school hours. Honor codes and honor councils have been reinvigorated. And teachers are using technology to turn the tables on cheaters. A number of institutions now rely on .8. To monitor and prevent the act of academic cheating in schools.Key to translation exercise:1. 讀史使人明智，讀詩使人靈秀數(shù)學使人周密，科學使人深刻，倫理使人莊重，邏輯修辭使人善辯。（王佐良譯）2. 在任何科學或藝術(shù)領(lǐng)域，由于知識總是觀察研究或?qū)嵺`的成果，知識擁有者有權(quán)受到尊重。所受尊重的程度與其所掌握知識的深度廣度及實用價值成正比。3. 顯然，只有規(guī)模最大經(jīng)營最靈活的電視傳媒集團才能在這個精彩紛呈而又競爭白熱化的市場中生存。這一點就足以說明，要在電視行業(yè)幸存下來并非易事。1989年歐洲的八十家電視網(wǎng)絡(luò)中有一半以上虧損，這一統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)尤其說明這一事實。4. 我并不是抱怨過去，我只是害怕未來，因為未來還是個未知數(shù)。這主要是因為你從來什么都不跟我說，只是無緣無故地遷怒于我，仿佛我是禍根。你這樣做對我似乎是極不公平的。5. A teacher is a paid guide and expert and thus it’s his duty to choose the best path to lead the students to approach the top of the mountain. But if the path he chooses is too overgrown to make further progress, the whole party will have to go back and he will have to choose another route. There must be a way to the top somewhere.Unit FourKey to exercises:I Comprehension1. Because globalization, typically, has been associated with the destruction of cultural identities, victims of the accelerating encroachment of a homogenized, westernized, consumer culture.2. According to the author, cultural identity, if properly understood, is much more the product of globalization than its victim.3. Before the era of globalization, there existed local, autonomous, distinct and welldefined, robust and culturally sustaining connections between geographical place and cultural experience. These connections constituted one’s and one’s munity’s ‘cultural identity’. This identity was something people simply ‘had’ as an undisturbed existential possession, an inheritance, a benefit of traditional long dwelling, of continuity with the past. Identity, then, like language, was not just a description of cultural belongings。 it was a sort of collective treasure of local munities. Cultural identity was discovered to be something fragile that needed protecting and preserving, and that could be lost.4. It is the cultural identity of the developing world, the ‘weaker’ cultures, that has been most threatened.5. Globalizat