freepeople性欧美熟妇, 色戒完整版无删减158分钟hd, 无码精品国产vα在线观看DVD, 丰满少妇伦精品无码专区在线观看,艾栗栗与纹身男宾馆3p50分钟,国产AV片在线观看,黑人与美女高潮,18岁女RAPPERDISSSUBS,国产手机在机看影片

正文內(nèi)容

比較優(yōu)勢(shì)原理ppt課件(編輯修改稿)

2025-06-01 18:56 本頁(yè)面
 

【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 our) 4 2 ?Which nation has Comparative advantage in production? ?. has a Comparative advantage in the production of wheat. 美國(guó)在小麥的生產(chǎn)上具有比較優(yōu)勢(shì) ?. has a Comparative advantage in the production of cloth. 英國(guó)在衣服的生產(chǎn)上具有比較優(yōu)勢(shì)。 美國(guó)在布匹和小麥生產(chǎn)上都有絕對(duì)優(yōu)勢(shì),但由于小麥的絕對(duì)優(yōu)勢(shì)( 6:1)比布匹的絕對(duì)優(yōu)勢(shì)( 4:2)大,因此 ,美國(guó)在小麥生產(chǎn)上有相對(duì)優(yōu)勢(shì)。 英國(guó)在布匹生產(chǎn)上的勞動(dòng)生產(chǎn)率是美國(guó)的 1/2,而在小麥生產(chǎn)上僅是美國(guó)的 1/6,因此 ,英國(guó)在布匹生產(chǎn)上有相對(duì)優(yōu)勢(shì)。 Wheat (bushels/manhour) 6 1 Cloth (yards/manhour) 4 2 ?In a twonation, twomodity world, once it is determined that one nation has a parative advantage in one modity, then the other nation must necessarily have a parative advantage in the other modity在一個(gè)兩國(guó)兩個(gè)商品的模型中,一國(guó)在一種商品上具有比較優(yōu)勢(shì),另一國(guó)就一定在另一種商品上具有比較優(yōu)勢(shì) The Gains form Trade ?How to gain from trade? ?The possibility of trade: ?. must exchange 6W for more than 4C ? .must exchange 6W for less than 12C ?So Range for the reciprocal terms of trade: 4C6W12C=2/3C1W2C ?If the US exchanges 6W for 6C,then she gains 2C or saves 1/2 manhour or 30 minutes of labor time. ?Similarly, at the same terms of trade, the UK can gets 6W only at the expense of 6C, to gain 6C or save 3 manhours. ? 節(jié)約了社會(huì)勞動(dòng),增加了世界生產(chǎn)總量,提高了各國(guó)的消費(fèi)水平。 Gains from trade Term of trade and Gains from trade ?If 6W=4C, what are the gains from trade ? ?If 6W=12C, what are the gains from trade ? 結(jié)論:貿(mào)易利益的獲得與相對(duì)貿(mào)易價(jià)格相關(guān) ?在互利貿(mào)易可以發(fā)生的區(qū)間內(nèi),與封閉時(shí)的相對(duì)價(jià)格越遠(yuǎn),一國(guó)獲益越大。 ?小國(guó)更容易在貿(mào)易中獲利 ? Differences in Technologies (in relative term)(不同的相對(duì)勞動(dòng)生產(chǎn)率) 貿(mào)易的基礎(chǔ) ?Relative productivity= ?Relative production cost= ?Relative modity price= 重要缺陷:沒(méi)有說(shuō)明為何各國(guó)在不同的商品上的相對(duì)勞動(dòng)生產(chǎn)率不同! Basis for Trade (貿(mào)易的基礎(chǔ)) amp。 Determining Trade Pattern Exception to the law of parative Advantage . . Wheat (bushels/manhour) 6 3 Cloth (yards/manhour) 4 2 Table : 比較優(yōu)勢(shì)理論無(wú)法說(shuō)明下列兩國(guó)的貿(mào)易模式 ?Even if one nation has an absolute disadvantage with respect to the other nation in the production of both modities, unless the absolute disadvantage is in the same proportion for the two modities(兩種商品的比例劣勢(shì)比例相同) . 重要缺陷 2:沒(méi)有兩國(guó)間的交換比是如何確定的! 重要意義:建立了自由貿(mào)易理論的基本框架! 約翰 穆勒的國(guó)際需求方程式。(約翰 穆勒 John Stuard Mill,18061873) 1848年出版《 政治經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)原理 》( Principles of Political Economy) 一個(gè)例子 ?如果兩國(guó)的生產(chǎn)條件如下圖所示: 葡萄酒( W) 布匹( C) A 3小時(shí) /桶 1小時(shí) /碼 B 4小時(shí) /桶 2小時(shí) /碼 如何進(jìn)行貿(mào)易?互利貿(mào)易的交換比的區(qū)間呢? 如果交換比為 1W:, 雙方有怎樣的時(shí)間節(jié)約? 如果兩國(guó)擁有的資源總量分別為 900和 1600小時(shí),貿(mào)易使世界的生產(chǎn)總量和消費(fèi)水平都有可能增長(zhǎng)嗎?通過(guò)貿(mào)易,各國(guó)節(jié)約了多少勞動(dòng)時(shí)間? (假定開(kāi)展貿(mào)易前, A織了 600碼布,釀了100桶葡萄酒; B織了 300碼布,釀了 250桶葡萄酒 .貿(mào)易時(shí), A用300碼布換了 B國(guó)的 120桶葡萄酒) Comparative Advantage With Money考慮貨幣因素的比較優(yōu)勢(shì)理論 ?以下說(shuō)法正確嗎? ?. needs to protect the high wages and standard of living of its workers against cheap British labor. 美國(guó)需要抵制英國(guó)便宜的勞動(dòng)力以保護(hù)本國(guó)的高工資和生活水平。 ? . needs protection against more efficient . 效率的勞動(dòng)力以保護(hù)本國(guó)的勞動(dòng)力。 ? But how can the United Kingdom export anything to the United States if it is less efficient than the . in the production of both modities(如果英國(guó)在兩種商品的生產(chǎn)上都沒(méi)有美國(guó)有效率,英國(guó)如何還能出口商品) ? Question : ?Suppose that the wage rate in . is $6 per hour ?Suppose that the wage rate in . is £ 1 per hour Wheat (bushels/manhour) 6 1 Cloth (yards/manhour) 4 2 Table: Comparative Advantage with money Price of one bushel of wheat $1 £ 1
點(diǎn)擊復(fù)制文檔內(nèi)容
教學(xué)課件相關(guān)推薦
文庫(kù)吧 www.dybbs8.com
備案圖片鄂ICP備17016276號(hào)-1