美國文學(xué)史期末考試資料(編輯修改稿)
2024-12-06 22:49 本頁面
【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 調(diào) of a poem is melancholy 悲傷 . 3. He opposed didactic 4. He stressed the form of poem, especially the beautiful and neat rhyme. 5. Famous Poems: The Raven, Annabel Lee, To Helen Poe’s short story’s theory 1. The short story must be such length as to be read at one sitting (brevity) 2. The very first sentence ought to help to bring out the “single effect” of the story. 第一句話使讀者對故事有一個(gè)簡單的印象 3. No word should be used which does not contribute to the “preestablished” design of the work (pression). “不為簡單服務(wù)的句子都不應(yīng)該在其中 ” 4. A tale should reveal some logical with “the fullest satisfaction,” and should end with the last sentence, leaving a sense of finality with the 邏輯的真理，最后收尾的一句話應(yīng)該使讀者感到故事圓滿結(jié)束 Poe’s achievement 1. the establishment of a new symbolic poetry。 2. the formalization（形式化） of the new short story。 3. the invention of the story of detection（偵探） and the broadening of science fiction。 4. the foundation of a new fiction of psychological analysis and symbolism。 5. the slow development of an important critical theory and a discipline of analytical criticism. Realism：現(xiàn)實(shí)主義 1. Howells 豪斯?fàn)柾?:給總統(tǒng)寫傳記的兩個(gè)人 : Howells amp。 Hawthorne The Rise of Silas Lapham 《塞拉斯 路帕姆的發(fā)跡》 2. James 詹姆斯 : the founder of psychological realism 意識流小說的先驅(qū)： The forerunner of “Stream of consciousnes” novels The American Daisy Miller《戴茜 米勒》 The Golden Bowl 《金碗 》 The Ambassadors 《奉使說》 → James considered his “most perfect” work of art. James, Howells and Mark Twain are three staunch advocates of 19c American realism. Local Colorism: 地方特色主義 Mark Twain 馬克 吐溫： The Adventures of Tom Sawyer 《湯姆 索亞歷險(xiǎn)記》 → 寫給 “孩子們的書 ” The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn 《哈克貝利 費(fèi)恩歷險(xiǎn)記》（最有名的、美現(xiàn)代文學(xué)的源頭）Hemingway noted, “all modern American literature es.” The writing style: local colorism and the colloquial style. The writing theme: racism and growing them James, Howells and Mark Twain all worked for realism, but they are different. In thematic terms, James wrote the upper calss, Hwells wrote the miidle, Mark Twain wrote the lower class. Technically, Howells wrote in the vein of genteal realism, James pursued an “imaginative” treatment of reality. Mark Twain (in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn)used his theories of localism and colloquial style. American Naturalism: 美國自然主義 1. Crane 克萊恩： A pioneer writing in the naturalistic tradition 自然主義寫作手法先驅(qū) Maggie: A Girl of the Street 《街頭女郎：麥琪》 is the first naturalistic novel in America Crane amp。 Dickinson are two precursors of Imagist poetry 意象派詩歌先驅(qū) 2. Norris 諾里斯 Mc Teague 《邁克提格》 3. Dreiser 德萊賽 Sister Carrie 《嘉莉妹妹》 O. Henry 歐亨利： The Gift of the Magi 《麥琪的禮物》 The Necklace Sinclair 辛萊克： The Jungle 《叢林》 Sinclair Lewis 是美國歷史上第一位諾貝爾文學(xué)獎(jiǎng)獲得者 The era of Modernism:19101930 Definition: modernism amp。 Imagism: 意象派 1. Pound 龐德 Cathay 《華夏集》 Cantos 《詩章》 (called pound’s “intellectual diary since 1915”) In a Station of the Metro 《 在地鐵站》 —意象派詩歌的經(jīng)典之作 The apparition of these faces in the crowd。 Petals on a wet black bough “apparition” has double meaning. a. meaning “appearance”. b. meaning sth. Which seems real but perhaps is not real. Hugh Selwyn Mauberley 《休 賽爾溫 毛伯麗》 (龐德所做最好的一首詩 ) 譯 《天凈沙 秋思》 Autumn 2.
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