【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 Dramatic187。 Little media coverageMuch media coverage187。 NoncontrovertialControvertial187。 Me in controlYou in control187。 VoluntaryNonvoluntary187。 Fun risksWork risks187。 Few injuries/eventsMany injuries/events187。 Sensory perceptionUnable to sense187。 Benign experienceHurtful experience(Buys, 1982)國立臺(tái)北科技大學(xué)工業(yè)工程與管理系IEamp。M, National Taipei University of Technology梁曉帆SheauFarn Max Liang96年 1月 27日星期六44Information processing model國立臺(tái)北科技大學(xué)工業(yè)工程與管理系IEamp。M, National Taipei University of Technology梁曉帆SheauFarn Max Liang96年 1月 27日星期六45Model Human Processor (Card, Moran and Newell, 1983)ProcessorslPerceptual Processor (Cycle time: 100[50~200] msec.)lCognitive Processor (Cycle time: 70[25~170] msec.)lMotor Processor (Cycle time: 70[30~100] msec.)lSimple reaction: Cycle time: 240[105~470] msec.MemorieslVisual Image Store (Decay time: 200[70~1000] msec.。 Capacity: 17[7~17] letters)lAuditory Image Store (Decay time: 1500[900~3500] msec.。 Capacity: 5[~] letters)lWorking Memory (Decay time: without attention: 7[5~226] msec., 1 chunk: 73[73~226] msec., 3 chunks: 7[5~34] msec.。 Capacity: 3[~] chunks, 7[5~9] chunks)lLongTerm Memory (Decay time: ?。 Capacity: ?)lChunking: 于認(rèn)知過程中 ,個(gè)人組織訊息成有意義之單位l(Miller, 1956): 7?2 (5~9) chunkslExample: TRE ECA TDOG vs. TREE CAT DOG國立臺(tái)北科技大學(xué)工業(yè)工程與管理系IEamp。M, National Taipei University of Technology梁曉帆SheauFarn Max Liang96年 1月 27日星期六46Longterm memory: Semantic works國立臺(tái)北科技大學(xué)工業(yè)工程與管理系IEamp。M, National Taipei University of Technology梁曉帆SheauFarn Max Liang96年 1月 27日星期六47Longterm memory: Schemas國立臺(tái)北科技大學(xué)工業(yè)工程與管理系IEamp。M, National Taipei University of Technology梁曉帆SheauFarn Max Liang96年 1月 27日星期六48Decision making modelInformationprocessing frameworklCue reception and integrationlHypothesis generationlHypothesis evaluation and selectionlGenerating and selecting actions國立臺(tái)北科技大學(xué)工業(yè)工程與管理系IEamp。M, National Taipei University of Technology梁曉帆SheauFarn Max Liang96年 1月 27日星期六49避免的能力人體計(jì)測與生物力學(xué)概述國立臺(tái)北科技大學(xué)工業(yè)工程與管理系IEamp。M, National Taipei University of Technology梁曉帆SheauFarn Max Liang96年 1月 27日星期六50避免的能力人體的差異l 年齡、性別、種族、職業(yè)、世代、暫時(shí)的每日變化等人體計(jì)測數(shù)據(jù)庫l 軍方與民間n 臺(tái)灣地區(qū)勞工人體計(jì)測數(shù)據(jù)庫187。 本數(shù)據(jù)庫所量測到的人體計(jì)測數(shù)據(jù)包含為動(dòng)態(tài)尺寸 42項(xiàng)以及靜態(tài)尺寸 266項(xiàng)兩大類，將所有的尺寸匯總后共有 308項(xiàng)。目前樣本數(shù) 1200筆，樣本背景以勞工為主。l 靜態(tài)數(shù)據(jù)庫n 量測人體靜止時(shí)之維度 (如身高、肩寬等 )l 動(dòng)態(tài)數(shù)據(jù)庫n 量測人體工作時(shí)之維度 (如站立時(shí)右手可及之區(qū)域等 )工作站設(shè)計(jì)國立臺(tái)北科技大學(xué)工業(yè)工程與管理系IEamp。M, National Taipei University of Technology梁曉帆SheauFarn Max Liang96年 1月 27日星期六51Anthropometric dataMeasurement devices and methodslMartin’s anthropometric instrumentslMorant technique (grid system)lPhotographic methodslDigital human modeling國立臺(tái)北科技大學(xué)工業(yè)工程與管理系IEamp。M, National Taipei University of Technology梁曉帆SheauFarn Max Liang96年 1月 27日星期六52General principles for workspace design (Cont.)Visibility and normal line of sightlNormal line of sightnThe preferred direction of gaze when the eyes are at a resting conditionnAbout 10? to 15? below the horizontal planelVisual display should be placed within ?15? in radius around the normal line of sight國立臺(tái)北科技大學(xué)工業(yè)工程與管理系IEamp。M, National Taipei University of Technology梁曉帆SheauFarn Max Liang96年 1月 27日星期六53General principles for workspace design (Cont.)Component arrangementl Frequency of use principlel Importance principlel Sequence of use principlel Consistency principlel Controldisplay patibility principle of colocationl Clutteravoidance principlel Functionalgrouping principle國立臺(tái)北科技大學(xué)工業(yè)工程與管理系IEamp。M, National Taipei University of Technology梁曉帆SheauFarn Max Liang96年 1月 27日星期六54Design of standing and seated work areasChoice between standing and seated work areaslAnalysis of job ponentsWork surface heightlGeneral rules of thumbnStanding working heights at 5 to 10 cm below elbow levelnSeated working heights at elbow levelWork surface depthlNormal work areanThe horizontal area covered by a sweep of the forearm without extending the upper armlMaximum work areanThe horizontal area covered by a sweep of the arm by extending the arm from the shoulderWork surface inclinationlSlightly slanted surfaces (about 15?) should be used for reading國立臺(tái)北科技大學(xué)工業(yè)工程與管理系IEamp。M, National Taipei University of Technology梁曉帆SheauFarn Max Liang96年 1月 27日星期六55避免的能力骨骼肌肉系統(tǒng)l 連結(jié)組織l 關(guān)節(jié)生物力學(xué)模型l 牛頓力學(xué)三定律l 下背抬舉模型l NIOSH抬舉準(zhǔn)則l 座椅設(shè)計(jì)國立臺(tái)北科技大學(xué)工業(yè)工程與管理系IEamp。M, National Taipei University of Technology梁曉帆SheauFarn Max Liang96年 1月 27日星期六56The musculoskeletal systemFunctionslTo support and protect the body and body partslTo maintain posture and produce body movementlTo generate heat and maintain body temperatureBonesl206 bonesnProtect internal ans (., skull and the rib cage)nSupport body movement (., long bones of the upper and lower extremities)國立臺(tái)北科技大學(xué)工業(yè)工程與管理系IEamp。M, National Taipei University of Technology梁曉帆SheauFarn Max Liang96年 1月 27日星期六57The musculoskeletal system (Cont.)Connective tissueslTendons (肌腱 )nTransmit the forces exerted by the muscles to the attached boneslLigaments (韌帶 )nConnect the articular extremities of bones and help stabilize the articulations of bones at jointslCartilage (軟骨 )nA translucent elastic tissuelFascia (筋膜 )nCovers body structures and separates them from each other國立臺(tái)北科技大學(xué)工業(yè)工程與管理系IEamp。M, National Taipei University of Technology梁曉帆SheauFarn Max Liang96年 1月 27日星期六58The musculoskeletal system (Cont.)JointslSynovial joints (滑液關(guān)節(jié) )nNo tissue exists between the highly lubricated joint surfaceslFibrous joints (纖維關(guān)節(jié) )nSuch as those connecting the bones of the skull through fibrous tissueslCartilaginous joints (軟骨關(guān)節(jié))nSuch as those bridging vertebral bones and intervertebral discs國立臺(tái)北科技大學(xué)工業(yè)工程與管理系IEamp。M, National Taipei University of Technology梁曉帆SheauFarn Max Liang96年 1月 27日星期六59The muscul