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04]Year1 2345Depreciation expense6,7506,75013,50013,50013,500Historical cost60,00060,00060,00060,00060,000Accumulated depreciation6,75013,50027,00040,50054,000Book value53,25046,50033,00019,5006,0003)Doubledeclining balance book value at start of period 期初賬面價值double straightline rate雙倍折舊率= depreciation expense for that period當期折舊費用 *book value(carrying value)賬面價值 = cost of asset資產的成本 - accumulated depreciation累計折舊 straightline rate平均年限法折舊率 = 1247。 years(estimated useful life)折舊年限 double straightline rate 雙倍余額法折舊率= 2straightline rate平均年限法折舊率 4)Sumoftheyears39。 digits 年數總和法 depreciable amount ′years left at period期初剩余使用年限 sum of the years39。 digits年數數位的總和第四講 常用會計科目的英文名稱 現(xiàn)金:Cash and cash equivalents 銀行存款:Bank deposit 應收賬款:Account receivable 應收票據:Notes receivable 應收股利:Dividend receivable 應收利息:Interestreceivable 其他應收款:Other receivables 原材料:Raw materials 在途物資:Materials in transport 庫存商品:inventory 存貨跌價準備:provision forthe declinein value ofinventories 壞賬準備:Bad debt provision 待攤費用:Prepaid expense 交易性金融資產:Trading financial assets 持有至到期投資:heldtomaturity investment 可供出售金融資產:Availableforsale financial assets 短期投資:Shortterm investment 長期股權投資:Longterm equity investment 固定資產:Fixed assets 累計折舊:Accumulated depreciation 在建工程:Constructioninprocess 固定資產減值準備:provision for the decline in value of fixed assets 無形資產:Intangible assets 累計攤銷:Accumulated amortization 商譽:Goodwill 遞延所得稅資產:deferred tax assets (DTA ) 短期借款:Shortterm loans/ borrowing 長期借款:Longterm loans/ borrowing 預收賬款:advance from customers/ Deposit received 應付票據:Notes payable 應付賬款:Account payable 應付工資薪酬:wages payable 應付股利:Dividends payable 應付利息:Interest payable 應交稅費:Tax payable 其他應付款:Other payables 遞延所得稅負債:Deferred tax liabilities OWNERS39。 EQUITY 實收資本:Paidin capital (paidup) 資本公積:Capital reserves 盈余公積:Surplus reserves 未確認投資損失:Unrealized investment losses 未分配利潤:Retained earnings after appropriation 生產成本:Manufacturing Cost 制造費用:Manufacturing overhead 勞務成本:labor costs 研發(fā)支出:R amp。 D expenditure and loss 主營業(yè)務收入:Main operating revenue 其他業(yè)務收入:Other operating revenue 營業(yè)外收入:Nonoperating ine 投資收益:Investment ine 產品銷售收入:sales revenue 主營業(yè)務成本:Main operating costs cost of goods sold / cost of sales 其他業(yè)務支出:Other operating costs 營業(yè)外支出:Nonoperating expense 銷售費用:Selling expense 管理費用:General and administration expense (Gamp。A expense) 財務費用:Finance expense 公允價值變動損益:Gain/loss of the change of fair value 所得稅:Ine tax第五講 無形資產 assets無形資產 企業(yè)擁有或控制的沒有實物形態(tài)的可辨認非貨幣資產。 Identifiable nonmonetary assets without physical substance, owned or controlled by the entity. 強調兩點: identifiability: 可辨認性 ?。╳ithout) physical substance: 物質形態(tài) (1)(without)physical substance: (不具有)物質形態(tài) intangible adj. 觸摸不到的、無形 . tangible assets有形資產 有時候英文中也用intangibles 表示無形資產?! 。?)identifiability: 可辨認性 intangibleassets: identifiable *goodwill商譽:unidentifiable separately(不可辨認) of intangible assets 無形資產的具體形式 trade mark 商標權 patent 專利權 brand name 品牌 intellectual property(IP)知識產權 copyright著作權 franchise 特許權 license 執(zhí)照,許可證 putersoftware計算機軟件 research and development(Ramp。D)研究開發(fā) recognition of intangible assets無形資產的初始計量: purchased intangible assets:外購無形資產 purchase v. 買,購買 internally generated intangible assets:自創(chuàng)的無形資產 internally—internal adj. 內部的 generated:,被創(chuàng)造的 Lecture example 1: Company A purchased a patent for the design of a TV set on 3 January at a cost of ¥20,000. This patent (based on its technology) is estimated(估計) to have a useful life of 5 years. *從題目中提煉出重要的信息Patent: cost—¥20,000。 useful life—5 years Dr Intangible assets—patent 20,000 Cr Bank deposit 20,000 借: 無形資產—專利權 20,000 貸: 銀行存款 20,000 Lecture example 2: Company A also has an internally generated(自創(chuàng)的) brand name with an estimated fair value of ¥500,000. 注意:自創(chuàng)的品牌不作為企業(yè)的無形資產核算。 5. Measurement after recognition無形資產的后續(xù)計量 在有關無形資產的題目中,可能還會涉及到用英文處理無形資產的后續(xù)計量。無形資產的后續(xù)計量主要是牽扯到資產的使用壽命(useful life)、攤銷、減值測試等問題。這就需要我們明白下面一組單詞的含義,以便更好的判斷是否對無形資產進行攤銷或減值測試。 amortization n. 攤銷 amortize (amortise) v. 攤銷 . depreciate 折舊 . The intangible asset is to be amortized over five years. useful life 使用壽命 ?、?intangibles with finite(有限的)useful life 使用壽命有限 —amortized over the useful life 在使用壽命內進行攤銷 ?、?intangibles with indefinite useful life 使用壽命不確定 —not to be amortized and be tested for asset impairment 不攤銷而進行資產減值測試 . indefinite不確定的 infinite無限的 definite確定的 Lecture example 3 Company A purchased a patent for the design of a kind of TV set on 3 January at a cost of ¥20,000. This patent (based on its technology) is estimated to have a useful life of 5 years. A公司于1月3日以人民幣2萬元購買了一個電視的設計專利權,該專利權的使用壽命為5年?! r management expense—Amortization expense ¥4,000 Cr Accumulated amortization—patent ¥4,000 Lecture example 4 Company A purchased a register trade mark(注冊商標) for ¥300,000. The trademark can be renewed(更新) indefinitely subject to continued use. 初始計量: Dr Intangible assets—trade mark ¥300,000 Cr Bank deposit ¥300,000 后續(xù)計量:impairment test for each accounting period(每一會計期間進行減值測試) 6. the disposal of intangible assets 無形資產的處置 When the intangible assets are saled當無形資產被售出時 借:銀行存款 無形資產減值準備 累計攤銷 營業(yè)外支出——處置非流動資產損失 (出售實現(xiàn)損失時) 貸:無形資產 營業(yè)外收入——處置非流動資產利得收益 (出售實現(xiàn)收益時) Dr. Bank deposit Provision for the decline in value of intangible assets Accumulated amortization Nonoperating expense—loss on disposal of noncurrent assets(when loss occurs) Cr. Intangible assets Nonoperating revenue—gain on disposal of noncurrent assets(when gain occurs) 當無形資產預期不能為企業(yè)帶來經濟利益時,應當將該無形資產的賬面價值予以轉銷,其賬面價值當作當期損益?! 〗瑁籂I業(yè)外支出 累計攤銷