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常見易混淆英語語法(編輯修改稿)

2025-05-01 00:41 本頁面
 

【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 我們到動物園了嗎? The visitors got there last night. 參觀的人昨晚到這兒的。 從上面的句子可以看出,這幾個詞的區(qū)別不是太大,主要是別用混了介詞。例如 “格林先生昨晚抵達(dá)武漢”可以說:Mr Green arrived in /got to/reached Wuhan last night.英 語 時 態(tài)一、 一般現(xiàn)在時 :經(jīng)常、反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作或行為及現(xiàn)在的某種狀況。 : Always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week(day, year, month…), on Sundays, :動詞 原形 (如主語為第三人稱單數(shù),動詞上要改為第三人稱單數(shù)形式) :主語+am/is/are +not+其他。 此時態(tài)的謂語動詞若為行為動詞,則在其前加don39。t, 如主語為第三人稱單數(shù),則用doesn39。t,同時還原行為動詞。 :把be動詞放于句首;用助動詞do提問,如主語為第三人稱單數(shù),則用does,同時,還原行為動詞。 :. It seldom snows here. He is always ready to help others. Action speaks louder than words..[編輯本段]二、 一般過去時 :過去某個時間里發(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài);過去習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的動作、行為。 :ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week, last(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc. :be動詞;行為動詞 的過去式 :主語+was/were +not+其他。在行為動詞前加didn39。t,同時還原行為動詞。 :was或were放于句首;用助動詞do的過去式did 提問,同時還原行為動詞。 :She often came to help us in those days. I didn39。t know you were so busy.[編輯本段]三、 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時 :表示現(xiàn)階段或說話時正在進(jìn)行的動作及行為。 :Now, at this time, days, etc. look. listen :主語+be +doing +其他 :主語+be +not +doing+其他 :把be動詞放于句首。 : How are you feeling today? He is doing well in his lessons.[編輯本段]四、 過去進(jìn)行時 :表示過去某段時間或某一時刻正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行的行為或動作。 :at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引導(dǎo)的謂語動詞是一般過去時的時間狀語等。 主語+was/were +doing +其他 :主語+was/were + not +doing+其他 :把was或were放于句首。(第一個字母大寫) :At that time she was working in a PLA unit. When he came in, I was reading a newspaper.[編輯本段]五、 現(xiàn)在完成時 :過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果,或從過去已經(jīng)開始,持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)。 :yet,already,just,never,ever,so far,by now,since+時間點,for+時間段,recently, lately, in the past few years, etc. :主語+have/has +(過去分詞)+其他 :主語+have/has + not +(過去分詞)+其他 :have或has。 :I39。ve written an article. The countryside has changed a lot in the past few years.[編輯本段]六、 過去完成時 :以過去某個時間為標(biāo)準(zhǔn),在此以前發(fā)生的動作或行為,或在過去某動作之前完成的行為,即“過去的過去”。 :Before, by the end of last year (term, month…), etc. :主語+had + (過去分詞)+其他 :主語+had + not +(過去分詞)+其他 :had放于句首。 :As soon as we got to the station, the train had left. By the end of last month. We had reviewed four books 基本結(jié)構(gòu):主語+had+(過去分詞)+其他 ①肯定句:主語+ had+(過去分詞)+其他 ②否定句:主語+ had+ not+(過去分詞)+其他 ③一般疑問句:Had+主語+(過去分詞)+其他 ④特殊疑問句:特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句[編輯本段]七、 一般將來時 :表示將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事。 :Tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, in a few minutes, by…,the day after tomorrow, etc. :主語+am/is/are +going to + do+其他;主語+will/shall + do+其他 :主語+am/is/are not going to do ;主語+will/shall not do+其他 :be放于句首;will/shall提到句首。 :They are going to have a petition with us in studies. It is going to rain.[編輯本段]八、 過去將來時 :立足于過去某一時刻,從過去看將來,常用于賓語從句中。 :The next day (morning, year…),the following month(week…),etc. :主語+was/were +going to + do+其他;主語+would/should + do+其他 :主語+was/were/not + going to + do。 主語+would/should + not + do. :was或were放于句首;would/should 提到句首。 :He said he would go to Beijing the next day. I asked who was going there .[編輯本段]九、將來完成時 :在將來某一時刻之前開始的動作或狀態(tài) :by the time of。 by the end of+時間短語(將來)。by the time+從句(將來) :主語+be going to/will/shall + have+(過去分詞)+其他 4例句:By the time you get back, great changes will have taken place in this area.[編輯本段]十、現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時 :表示從過去某一時間開始一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作。這一動作可能剛剛開始,也可能仍在繼續(xù),并可能延續(xù)到將來。 :主語+have/has +been +doing+其他 :since+時間點,for+時間段等。 :I have been sitting here for an hour. The children have been watching TV since six o39。clock.[編輯本段]十一、 一般過去時與現(xiàn)在完成時的轉(zhuǎn)換 在現(xiàn)在完成時中,延續(xù)性動詞能與表示一段時間的狀語連用,瞬間動詞卻不能。但是,可用別的表達(dá)方式:①瞬間動詞用于“一段時間 + ago”的一般過去時的句型中;②瞬間動詞可改成與之相對應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動詞及短語,與一段時間連用;③瞬間動詞用于“It is + 一段時間 + since + 一般過去時”的句型中,表示“自從……以來有……時間”的意思,主句一般用it is來代替It has been。④瞬間動詞用于“Some time has passed since + 一般過去時”的句型中。請看: A. He joined the League two years ago. B. He has been in the League for two years. C. It is two years since he joined the League. D. Two years has passed since he joined the League.[編輯本段]十二、 一般現(xiàn)在時與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的轉(zhuǎn)換 在一般現(xiàn)在時中,at加上名詞表示“處于某種狀態(tài)”,如at work(在工作), at school(上學(xué)、上課)等。此短語可與進(jìn)行時態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換。請看: Peter is at work, but Mike is at play. Peter is working, but Mike is playing.[編輯本段]十三、 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時與一般將來
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