【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 ry cold these days. I ______ a cold for a few days. A. have caught B. have had C. catch D. have( ) 12. His grandpa ______ since five years ago. A. died B. has died C. has been dead D. was dying( ) 13. How long have you_______ in the party? A. joined B. taken part C. got D. been ( ) 14. – Is your father a Party member? –Yes, he _____ the Party three years ago. He _______ a member for three years. A. has joined, has been B. has joined, was C. joined, was D. joined, has been ( ) 15. The train _____ for ten minutes. You have to take another one. A. has gone B. has left C. has been away D. went away（2）過去完成時： ：以過去某個時間為標準，在此以前發(fā)生的動作或行為，或在過去某動作之前完成的行為，即“過去的過去”。 ||| 那時以前 那時 現(xiàn)在：1).before+過去時間，by+ 過去時間, by the end of last year(term, month…)2).by the time +從句（一般過去時），主句（過去完成時）3).用于由when ,after , before 引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句中，前后兩動作都發(fā)生在過去。 過去完成時+when/before +一般過去時 一般過去時+after +過去完成時4) .用于賓語從句中。 By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself. 到了十二歲那年，愛迪生開始自己謀生。 Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party. 湯姆失望了，因為他到達晚會時，大部分客人已經(jīng)走了。：had + done. ：had + not + done. ：把had放于句首。6. 用法：a. 在told, said, knew, heard, thought等動詞后的賓語從句。例如：She said （that）she had never been to Paris. 她告訴我她曾去過巴黎。He said that he had learned some English before. 他說過他以前學過一些英語。b. 狀語從句在過去不同時間發(fā)生的兩個動作中，發(fā)生在先，用過去完成時；發(fā)生在后，用一般過去時。例如：When the police arrived, the thieves had run away. 警察到達時，小偷們早就跑了。c. 表示意向的動詞，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用過去完成時表示原本…，未能…。例如：We had hoped that you would e, but you didn39。t. 那時我們希望你能來，但是你沒有來典型例題The students ___ busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she ___ in the office.A. had written, left B，were writing, has left C. had written, had left D. were writing, had left答案D. 把書忘在辦公室發(fā)生在去取書這一過去的動作之前，因此忘了書這一動作發(fā)生在過去的過去，用過去完成時。句中when表示的是時間的一點，表示在同學們正忙于……這一背景下，when所引導(dǎo)的動作發(fā)生。因此前一句應(yīng)用過去進行時。注意： had hardly… when 還沒等…… 就……。例如：I had hardly opened the door when I he hit me. 我剛打開門，他就打了我。had no sooner…than 剛…… 就……。例如：He had no sooner bought the car than he sold it. 他剛買了這輛車，轉(zhuǎn)眼又賣了【真題感悟】:【例1】【2013天津】33. —Is Tom at home? —No, he ______ to town. A. has been B. has gone C. goes D. will go【解析】考查動詞的時態(tài)?！猅om在家嗎？——不在，他已經(jīng)去鎮(zhèn)里了。表“已經(jīng)去了某地方，現(xiàn)在不在說話者說話的地方”用have/has gone to結(jié)構(gòu)。答案：__B__．【例2】【2013陜西】22. When you ________ at a restaurant , please order just enough food .A. ate B. will eat C. eat D. haven eaten 【解析】考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：當你在餐館里吃飯時，請點夠吃的食物就行了。When在這里引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，根據(jù)句意用一般現(xiàn)在時即可。答案：__C_． 【例3】【2013湖北武漢】29. — Is Jim in the office? —No, he ________ the dinning hall. A. goes B. would go C. has gone D. had gone 【解析】選C?？疾閯釉~的時態(tài)。根據(jù)句意“——吉姆在辦公室嗎？——不，他已經(jīng)去餐廳了?！笨梢耘袛鄳?yīng)該用“現(xiàn)在完成時”?！癶ave (has) gone to + 某地”表示“去了某地還沒有回來”。 答案：__C_． 【例4】【2013甘肅蘭州】28. — The food looked bad, but it ________ OK.— So we can’t judge a man by his appearance. A. is tasted B. tasted C. was tasted D. taste【解析】考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：——這食物看起來很糟，但嘗起來不錯?！虼宋覀儾荒芤悦踩∪?。根據(jù)時態(tài)保持一致原則，looked為過去式，故本空應(yīng)用過去的時態(tài)，排除A、D；taste是連系動詞。在英語中，聯(lián)系動詞沒有被動語態(tài)，排除C。答案：__B__． 1. 【2013廣東湛江】30. — Come and join us, Ben!— I’m afraid I can’t. I’m too busy now. If I ________ time, I would certainly go. A. had B. will have C. have had D. Have【解析】考查動詞的時態(tài)。句意：——Ben，來加入我們吧！——我恐怕不行。現(xiàn)在我太忙啦。如果我有空，我將一定去。本句是是if引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件狀語從句，主句用過去將來時（would），從句應(yīng)用一般過去時?！敬鸢浮緼2.【2013山東威?！?1.— your son ______a camera?—No. He ______one this summer vacation.A. Has.. .bought。 will buy B. Did...buy。 boughtC. Does ...buy。 bought D. Does ...buy。 will buy【解析】考查動詞時態(tài)在語境中的用法。句意為：______你的兒子______一個照相機？不，這個暑假______買一個。根據(jù)問句可知問的你的兒子到目前為止買相機了嗎？可以判斷應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)；根據(jù)答語中的this summer vacation可知用一般將來時。【答案】A3.【2013浙江寧波】31. Tony _______ football every weekend when he was young.A. plays B. played C. is playing D. has played【解析】考查動詞的時態(tài)。句意為“托尼小時候每周都踢足球?！庇蓵r間狀語“when he was young”可知應(yīng)用一般過去時表示過去習慣性、經(jīng)常性的動作、行為?！敬鸢浮緽4.【2013山東威?！?6.—Alice, would you mind not playing the guitar? I on the phone.—Oh, sorry, mom.A. talked B. talk C. was talking D. am talking【解析】考查動詞時態(tài)的用法。句意：愛麗絲，請不要在這兒彈吉他，好嗎？我在接電話。哦，對比起，媽媽。根據(jù)句意可推知愛麗絲的媽媽正在接電話，所以，句子用現(xiàn)在進行時?！敬鸢浮緿5.【2013山東萊蕪】33. 一 I didn39。t see you at the meeting yesterday. Why?一I ________ for an important telephone call at that moment.A. wait B. waited C. am waiting D. was waiting【解析】考查動詞時態(tài)辨析。句意： 昨天的會議上我沒有看到你在。為什么？ 那時我在等一個重要的電話。因為等電話是昨天開會那段時間正發(fā)生的動作，而過去進行時表示過去某一時刻正發(fā)生的動作，所以選擇答案D?！敬鸢浮緿6.【2013江蘇徐州】9. Millie ________ a picture when Mr Green came in. A. draw B. w