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自己的才能和興趣選擇研究領(lǐng)域。也有人認(rèn)為大學(xué)生應(yīng)該選擇那些容易找到工作的研究領(lǐng)域。39 College students should be encouraged to pursue subjects that interest them rather than the courses that seem most likely to lead to jobs. 應(yīng)該鼓勵大學(xué)生選擇自己感興趣的課程,而不是那些容易找到工作的課程。140 Some people believe that universities should require every student to take a variety of courses outside the student39。s field of study. Others believe that universities should not force students to take any courses other than those that will help prepare them for jobs in their chosen fields. 有些人認(rèn)為大學(xué)應(yīng)該要求每個學(xué)生選修自己專業(yè)以外的各種學(xué)科。也有人認(rèn)為大學(xué)不應(yīng)該強(qiáng)迫學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)任何課程,除非這些課程有利于學(xué)生在所選的領(lǐng)域就業(yè)。.可供參考老題庫210. Most people choose a career on the basis of such pragmatic considerations as the needs of the economy, the relative ease of finding a job, and the salary they can expect to make. Hardly anyone is free to choose a career based on his or her natural talents or interest in a particular kind of work. 大多數(shù)人選擇職業(yè)是基于很實際的考慮:經(jīng)濟(jì)需求、找工作簡單、高薪水。很難得有人能從自己的潛質(zhì)和興趣出發(fā)去自由的尋找一份特定的工作。Although practical considerations often play a significant role in occupational trends, ultimately the driving forces behind people’s career decisions are individual interest and ability.1. first glance the balance of empirical evidence would seem to lend considerable credence to the speaker’s claim2 However, upon further reflection it bees clear that the relationship between career seekers and the supply of careers is an interdependent one, and therefore it is unfair to generalize about which one drives the other.3. Another pelling argument against the speaker’s claim has to do with the myriad of ways in which people earn their living.Begin:確實很多人現(xiàn)在選擇職業(yè)都是考慮現(xiàn)實的因素,但是我們要清楚很多人其實在選擇職業(yè)的時候并不清楚自己的興趣,或者根本沒有讓他選擇職業(yè)的機(jī)會。1. 現(xiàn)實的因素很大程度上決定了人們的職業(yè)選擇。因為現(xiàn)在這個社會普遍比較重視物質(zhì)財富,而一個有責(zé)任的人必須有一份工作來維持生存,并給自己的家庭一定的支持,房子貸款,車子保險,教育,醫(yī)療這個都需要錢,所以我們理解大部分人們總是把薪水作為選擇自己職業(yè)的主要因素。2. 但是更多的情況的是,人們沒有選擇工作的機(jī)會。因為每年人才市場上總是職業(yè)遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)少于應(yīng)聘的人數(shù),除了每年大批的大學(xué)畢業(yè)生,還有很多因各種原因失業(yè)的人,也會參與工作競爭,而那些高薪的工作更是人們主要的爭奪對象,不排除少數(shù)特別優(yōu)秀的人,可以同時有幾份offer,但是大多數(shù)普通的人只有一份工作,甚至還沒有,通常這種情況,人們沒有選擇工作的機(jī)會,只能等著雇主選中自己。3. 但是我們應(yīng)該看到這樣一個事實:根據(jù)自己的興趣選擇有利于激發(fā)熱情,使人在工作中更積極,從而更容易成功。Bill Gates;NBA好多superstar都是從高中直接進(jìn)入NBA的,如Kobe Bryant,他剛加入球隊時,工資很低,第一個賽季出場機(jī)會都很少,但籃球是他的興趣,經(jīng)過努力,他最終成功了。4. 所以我們應(yīng)該培養(yǎng)自己多方面的興趣。作為學(xué)生的我們,應(yīng)該把每一科都學(xué)好,提高自己的能力,這樣就會在求職中找到最滿意的工作了,既能滿足你的生活需要,又是你所喜歡或者擅長的。End: From what we discussed above, we should understand the situation as the speaker asserted. Meanwhile, 我們應(yīng)該培養(yǎng)自己多方面的興趣,以適應(yīng)這個充滿競爭的社會。從而使找到的工作既符合pragmatic considerations,又符合我們的興趣。.可供參考老題庫90. College students should be encouraged to pursue subjects that interest them rather than seek programs that promise entry into the job market. 大學(xué)學(xué)生應(yīng)該被鼓勵去學(xué)習(xí)他們感興趣的學(xué)科而不是那些容易找工作的學(xué)科。 Agree1. Today’s parents attach too much importance to the job prospects of their children’s education.2. However, empirical evidence suggests that young people are more likely to succeed in a career that interests them.現(xiàn)實和理想之興趣觀點:興趣重要,但工作也不能忽略1. 從教育的目的上討論,興趣對教育的重要性;對個人,愛因斯坦有句至理名言:“興趣是最好的老師”;對社會,教育的目的就是為社會培養(yǎng)各種人才,如果不注重學(xué)生興趣,那么他們到社會不可能盡其所能。有時候可能埋沒人才。比如一味的強(qiáng)調(diào)分?jǐn)?shù),那么對發(fā)明有興趣的學(xué)生可能會失去動力,eg. 達(dá)爾文的父親要求他學(xué)醫(yī),但他對自然界有強(qiáng)烈的興趣,最終寫出了“進(jìn)化論”;愛因斯坦小時候?qū)W習(xí)并不好,并不表示他笨,而是沒有找到自己的興趣。所以,教育應(yīng)該因材施教people oriented principle,teach students in accordance of their aptitude and interest.2. 然而,學(xué)習(xí)如何找到好工作的課程也不能忽略,因為學(xué)生最終是要走向社會、走向工作崗位的。 A)除了基礎(chǔ)理論課,學(xué)校還應(yīng)教授一些貼近實際應(yīng)用的課程及工作技能,使學(xué)生能夠找到合適的崗位,同時以滿足社會的需要。 B)學(xué)會如何與其他人更好的交流、合作,寬容忍讓,teamwork spirit,這些都有助于一個人走出校園之后的事業(yè)和發(fā)展。當(dāng)每個人都能找到合適自己的工作,并在崗位上盡職盡責(zé)時,社會也會更加繁重穩(wěn)定。3. 當(dāng)然,學(xué)校畢竟不是職業(yè)培訓(xùn)機(jī)構(gòu),應(yīng)該著重在教育而不是針對某一行業(yè)的培訓(xùn)。學(xué)校更看重的應(yīng)該是對一個學(xué)生的全面培養(yǎng),除了專業(yè)知識和技能的傳授,從正確的道德觀、人生觀和價值觀,到處理問題的科學(xué)方法和能力,都是學(xué)校教育的重點。因此,對于學(xué)校來說,一個很好的做法是,必修課與選修課的結(jié)合。而這樣的方法幾乎被所有大學(xué)驗證是一個非常好的措施。.可供參考老題庫191 Education should be equally devoted to enriching the personal lives of students and to training students to be productive workers. 教育應(yīng)該把這兩件事看得同等重要-豐富學(xué)生的個人生活,把學(xué)生培養(yǎng)成生產(chǎn)者。(類似于90T) In my view, preparing students for the mundane aspects of work should be secondary to providing a broader education that equips students with historical and cultural perspective, as well as thoughtful and principled personal value systems and priorities.1. One reason why educators should emphasize personal enrichment over job preparation is that rote technical knowledge and skill do not help a student determine which goals in life are worthwhile and whether the means of attaining those goals are ethically or morally acceptable.2. Another reason why educators should emphasize personal enrichment over job preparation is that specific knowledge and skills needed for jobs are changing more and more quickly.3. A third reason why educators should emphasized personally enriching course work—particularly anthropology, sociology, history, and political philosophy—is that these courses help students understand, appreciate and respect other people and their viewpoints.現(xiàn)實和理想 1. 最終目的是豐富學(xué)生的minds, 交給他們獨立思考的能力。這些應(yīng)該通過自然科學(xué)—教會宇宙如何運行如:能量守恒law of conservation of energy,社會科學(xué)—教會社會怎樣運作如:politics,人文藝術(shù)—是他們心靈更豐富,更具有智慧如:history, literature, and paintings music。, 培養(yǎng)成工人也很重要A 科技發(fā)展,對工人要求越來越高。反面說,沒有充分技能根本無法上崗B 工作越來越難找。A一味強(qiáng)調(diào)訓(xùn)練成工人把education降格為training,忽視了教育本身的目的. B科技發(fā)展迅速,現(xiàn)在教的以后也用不上。 C倒是 者腦與所教授的內(nèi)容可能對工作有幫助。如:怎樣待人處事。.可供參考老題庫201 The purpose of education should be to provide students with a value system, a standard, a set of ideas not to prepare them for a specific job. 教育的目的應(yīng)是給學(xué)生提供一個價值系統(tǒng),標(biāo)準(zhǔn)以及一系列理念,而不是使他們?yōu)槟骋惶囟üぷ髯龊脺?zhǔn)備。(類似于90T) ① 灌輸基本的價值觀和思考的方法是十分重要的。A包括人類的傳統(tǒng)美德以及社會的傳統(tǒng)文化。擁有基本價值觀的人—charity, virtue, honesty, appreciation for others—使得社會穩(wěn)定。B 思考的方法使得他們自己去探究生命的意義,內(nèi)省introspect, 生活的層次更高。② 實際生活中,越來越多的學(xué)生難以找到一份滿意的工作。對他們個人而言,職業(yè)技能的培養(yǎng)也很重要。企業(yè)在招人時,并不特別重視這個學(xué)生接受了多少價值觀的灌輸,由于其盈利的本質(zhì),只看重能帶來多少利益。③ 僅僅關(guān)注職業(yè)教育,會使education淪落為training, 培養(yǎng)出一堆沒有思考能力的機(jī)器。僅僅灌輸價值觀和思考方法,會使學(xué)生在勞動力市場上失利,并最終導(dǎo)致教育的失敗。因而最好的方法是將二者結(jié)合,本身就并不矛盾。1. By helping students develop a thoughtful, principled value system educators actually help prepare students for jobs.2. another reason for my viewpoint lies in the fact that technologydriven industries account for an everincreasing portion of our jobs.3. Besides helping students develop their own thoughtful value systems, edu