【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 icies of the member countries. Ten years later in 1967, the European Community was formed by merging EEC, ECSC and the European Atomic Energy Community (EURATOM). 1992 was a landmark year in the development of the EC when it became a true mon market as envisaged by the Single Eropean Act. Then on January 1, 1994 the European Union (EU) came into being on the strength of the Maastricht Treaty.6. What is the most powerful institution of the EU? What is the executive body of the EU? How does it operate?The most Powerful institution of the EU is the Council of Ministers. It has the final say on all important matters. Decisions of the council are made by votes allocated to member countries on the basis of their size. Different ministers attend the council meetings depending on the matters discussed.Its executive body is the European Commision posed of 20missioners overseeing 23 departments in charge of different affairs.7. Explain briefly the five layer organizational structure of AsiaPacific Economic Cooperation.1)The first is the Informal Meeting of Economic leaders held annually.2)The second is the DualMinisterial Meeting attended by foreign ministers (excluding Chinese Taipei and Hong Kong) and ministers in charge of foreign trade.3)The third is the Meeting for Ministers Responsible for Trade.4)The fourth is the Senior Officials Meeting (SOM) attended by vice ministers, departmental directors or ambassadors to implement decisions by economic leaders and ministerial meetings.5)The fifth layer refers to the four subordinate mittees under SOM, . Committee of Trade and Investment, Economic Committee, Economic and Technical Cooperation Submittee of SOM and Budget Management Committee.8. What are the tenet and objectives of APEC? What is meant by its two wheels?APECAsiaPacific Economic Cooperation, its tenet and objectives are “interdependence, mutual benefits, adhering to an open and multilateral trading system and reduction of regional trade barriers”.APEC co operation concentrates on trade and investment liberation and facilitation (TILF) and economic and technical cooperation (ECOTECH) that are monly termed as “the two wheels of Apec”.9. What are the nature and objectives of OPEC?The nature of OPEC is a modity cartel. By assigning production quotas among its members, OPEC tried to limit the overall crude oil supply of the world for the purpose of maintaining higher oil prices. Veto: right to reject or forbid something Detour: route that avoids a blocked road, deviationErode: wear away, eat intoIntegration: bing into a wholeLiberalization: of trade, the act of government in lifting controls overimports and exportsTariff: tax levied by the customsEnvisage: picture (an event, action, etc) in the mind as a future possibility。 imagineBanknote: printed paper money issued by a bank, usu. The country’s central bankMobility: capacity that can move or be moved easily and quickly from place to placeBarrier to trade: any action by a government to limit or prevent the free flow of goods in and out of its country四、1. What are the basic feature and major role of economic globalization?With the basic feature of free flow of odity, capital, technology, service, and information in the global context for optimized allocation, economic globalization giving new impetus and providing opportunities to world economic development and meanwhile making the various economies more and more interdependent and interactive. It has bee an objective trend in world economic development.2. Mention some of the pros and cons of economic globalization. What is the right attitude toward it?Economic integration enables countries benefit from the boom of other countries but also makes them more vulnerable to the adverse events across the globe.The best policy for us is to follow the trend closely, availing the opportunities it offers to develop ourselves and avoiding its poosible impacts.3. What is the formal definition of a multinational enterprise? How can you tell whether a multinational corporation is aparent or just an affiliate?A typical multinational enterprise shall be defined as a business organization which owns (whether wholy or partly), controls and manages assets, often including productive resources, in more than one country, through its member panies incorporated separately in each of these countries.If the MNC is the original investing corporation, it is known as the parent MNC, which is normally also the international headquarters of the MNE. If the MNC is established as a result of investments by the MNE, whether through the parent or through another of its already established MNC, it is an affiliate MNC.4. Describe briefly the characteristics of MNEs.a. enormous sizeb. wide geographical spreadc. longevity and rapid growth5. What is the emonly recognized objective of MNEs?Like most business organizations, MNEs are formed for profit.6. Why is security so important to MNEs?Profit is useless if it cannot be secured by the MNE and transfeeed wherever it so desires.7. Do you think “wide geographical spread” of MNEs plays a very important role in the development of their business? Why?a. enables them have a wide range of options in terms of decisions in areas such as sourcing and pricing.b. More able to take advantage of changes in the international economic environment.c. Enable MNEs to engage in worldwide integrated production and marketing giving rise to extensive intraMNE transactions which constitute a very significant proportion of total international trade.8. What is the relationship between MNEs and their host countries?Host governments can and do wield power over MNCs located within their territories. MNCs are under the legal jurisdiction of their host governments which can impose various rules, regulations,