西方古典文化02課時(shí)的課件(編輯修改稿)
2025-02-12 10:03 本頁(yè)面
【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 ed together to form strong trading centers called citystates. 4. City States –“Hellenistic” (classical) Greece: 700 BC 324 BC 187。As Greek culture mixed with cultural elements of the Middle East, a new culture called Hellenistic emerged. – Small kingdoms established in Greece 187。 Called citystates because their small size – At first, the citystates were ruled by kings, but as the society progressed, a new form of government began, called democracy. – The city states had different ways of behaving and ruling. The two most famous city states are Athens and Sparta. 5. Ancient Athens – Athens had fertile land 187。 Major crops: olives, grapes and wheat – Athens as the cultural center of Greece 187。 Had its golden age under the ruler Pericles – Athenians were tough people 187。Engaged in activities like art, philosophy, science and music – Athenian Government 187。In early times ruled by kings 187。Later, the aristocracy, selected representatives 187。 Merchants later replaced some of the nobility 187。The men of Athens met weekly, discussed city problems, worked on solutions, and started a form of government known as democracy. – The thing that set Athens apart from the other citystates was its government. Athens was a democracy. – Athenian Values 187。Individuality 187。Beauty 187。Freedom Golden ―Age of Pericles‖: 460 BC – 429 BC – Pericles came to power around 500 BC. 187。Considered the greatest statesman in ancient Greek history. – Pericles believed in four things: 187。Rule by the majority 187。Everyone is equal before the law 187。Personal freedom 187。The right to get ahead through a person’s ability instead of social class Contributions of Golden Age – Drama (Tragedy悲 ): Aeschylus埃斯庫(kù)羅斯 , Sophocles索?？死账?, Euripides歐里庇得斯 – Poetry (Homer): Iliad and The Odyssey – History (Herodotus希羅多德 , Thucydides修西得底斯 ): Persian波斯 Wars, The History of the Peloponnesian Wars – Philosophy: Socrates蘇格拉底 , Plato柏拉圖 and Aristotle亞里士多德 – Art, Sculpture雕塑 and Architec
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