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牽引力增生 ?正畸治療 Orthodontic treatment ?牽張成骨 Distraction Osteogenesis 小結(jié) A tooth and its surroundings Gingiva 牙齦 Mucosa which surrounds the teeth Free gingiva Attached gingiva Interdental papilla Periodontal ligament Alveolar bone alveolar crest group horizontal group oblique group apical group interradicular group Alveolar bone proper Dense bone Cancellous bone Development of tooth Process Beginning Finish Eruption Replacement 胚胎第 7周 20 歲 ? Growth stage: (牙胚的形成和發(fā)育) ? Calcification: (牙體硬組織的形成) ? Eruption stage: (牙的萌出) 牙發(fā)育過程 ?Growth stage: (牙胚的形成和發(fā)育) ?Calcification: (牙體硬組織的形成) ?Eruption stage: (牙的萌出) ?Complex cellular and biochemical process 復(fù)雜的細(xì)胞作用和生物化學(xué)作用過程 Growth stage:(牙胚的形成和發(fā)育) ?The epithelium(上皮 ) thickens in a Ushape band in the area of the future alveolar processes(牙槽突) ?Form primary epithelium band(原發(fā)性上皮帶 ) ?Differentiate into Vestibular lamina(前庭板 ) and Dental lamina(牙板 ) thicken ?Dental lamina(牙板 ) 牙胚 ?During the 7th week of intrauterine life Epithelium(上皮 ) thickens in a Ushaped band Primary epithelial band 原發(fā)性上皮帶 primary epithelial band (原發(fā)性上皮帶) (前庭板) vestibular lamina and dental lamina(牙板) the vestibule of the oral cavity deciduous teeth and ( 形成口腔前庭 ) permanent dental lamina ( 乳牙胚、 恒牙牙板 ) permanent teeth (恒牙) ?牙胚是發(fā)育形成牙的胚胎性組織 ?牙胚的組成: –成釉器( enamel an) :源于外胚層 –牙乳頭( dental papilla) :源于外胚層間充質(zhì) –牙囊( dental follicle) :源于外胚層間充質(zhì) ?蕾狀期( Bud stage): 上皮細(xì)胞在形態(tài)上、功能上的變化是極微小的。 ?帽狀期 (Cap stage): 上皮細(xì)胞開始有組織分化和形態(tài)分化,形成外釉上皮、內(nèi)釉上皮和星網(wǎng)狀層細(xì)胞。 ?鐘狀期 ( Bell stage): 既有