【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 inNet Ether. Courtesy: Course Technology/Cengage Learning Figure 1719 Fiberoptic cables contain a glass core for transmitting light. Courtesy: Course Technology/Cengage Learning Figure 1717 The most mon working cable for a local work is UTP cable using an RJ45 connector. Courtesy: Course Technology/Cengage Learning Most Common Cable for LAN A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, 7e 34 Table 172 Variations of Ether and Ether cabling Connector Used for Twisted Pair A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, 7e 35 RJ45 Connector Unshielded Twisted Pair A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, 7e 36 Table 172 Variations of Ether and Ether cabling ? Unshielded TwistedPair Cable (UTP) – Consists of wire pairs within insulated outer covering – Has no shielding between wires and encasement ? UTP is most frequently used work cable ? Reducing EMI (Electro Magic Interference) and RFI (Radio Frequency Interference) – Twist interior strands (like STP) – Build media filter into work equipment, workstation, and file connection servers UTP Cable Types/Category A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, 7e 37 Table 172 Variations of Ether and Ether cabling ? UTP cables used in 10BaseT works – Category 3: transmission rates up to 16 Mbps – Category 4: transmission rates up to 20 Mbps – Category 5 UTP has 100 Mbps transmission rate – Category 5e (enhanced) UTP vs. Category 5 UTP ? 1 Gbps transmission rate ? Uses betterquality copper ? Has higher twist ratio for better EMI/RFI protection – Category 6 UTP ? Wire pairs wrapped within insulating foil ? Has fire resistant plastic sheath ? 1 Gbps transmission rate Standard in Twisted Pair Cabling A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, 7e 38 Table 172 Variations of Ether and Ether cabling ? Remended by EIA/TIA – EIA/TIA 586A and EIA/TIA 586B – Either of the standards above could be used – Use Color Coding for Correct Wiring bination Standard in Twisted Pair Cabling (cont’d) A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, 7e 39 Table 172 Variations of Ether and Ether cabling Types of Twisted Pair connections A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, 7e 40 Table 172 Variations of Ether and Ether cabling ? Straight connection – When two different type of nodes are connected. For example a desktop PC to a hub or a switch. ? Crossover connection – When two the same type of nodes are connected. For example a desktop PC is to connected to another desktop PC. Two Basic Networking Setup A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, 7e 41 Table 172 Variations of Ether and Ether cabling ? PeertoPeer – Two (or more) puters municating each other in which either puter could act as a Server or a Client. ? Client and Server – One puter act as a Server or the puter who is solely responsible for distributing resources (like Database, Web connection) among the work and the rest act as a client or the who request resources from the Server. Hardware Used by Local Networks ? Hardware devices creating and connecting to works – Desktop and laptop devices – Cables and their connectors – Hubs – Switches – Wireless access devices – Routers A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, 7e 42 Networking Adapters and Ports ? Ether work adapters and ports – Network adapter: direct connection to a work ? Takes the form of a work interface card (NIC) ? External devices connect using USB port ? Provides RJ45 port – Network cards provide status light indicators ? Useful in troubleshooting – MAC (Media Access Control) address ? Unique 48bit (6byte) number hardcoded on card by manufacturer ? Identifies adapter on the work A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, 7e 43 Networking Adapters and Ports (cont’d.) ? WIFI wireless adapters – – Laptops sold today have antenna embedded inside A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, 7e 44 Figure 1716 Four different types of wireless work adapters: (a) wireless NIC that fits in a PCI slot。 (b) onboard wireless with an antenna that can be moved。 (c) PC Card wireless NIC with embedded antenna。 and (d) wireless NIC that uses a USB port on a desktop or notebook puter. Courtesy: Course Technology/Cengage Learning Cables and Connectors ? Types of Ether cabling: – Twistedpair ? Unshielded (UTP) and shielded twisted pair (STP) ? Coaxial cable: single copper wire with braided shield – Fiberoptic: glass strands inside protective tubing ? Ether types (categorized by speed): – 10Mbps Ether – 100Mbps or Fast Ether – 1000Mbps or Gigabit Ether – 10Gigabit Ether A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, 7e 45 Hubs and Switches ? Star topology: nodes connected to a centralized hub or switch ? Hub: passthrough device – No regard for data ? Switch: keeps a table of all devices connected to it – Determines path when sending packets ? Network cables – Patch cable (straightthrough cable): connects puter to hub or switch – Crossover cable: connects two like devices A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, 7e 46 Hubs and Switches (cont’d.) ? Some switches have uplink port for patch cable use ? Some switches use autouplinking A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, 7e 47 Figure 1724 An Ether work with three switches Courtesy: Course Technology/Cengage Learning Wireless Access Points ? Allows wireless device connection to LAN – Devices municate through access point – May double as a router A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, 7e 48 Figure 1726 Nodes on a wireless LAN connect to a wired work by way of an access point. Courtesy: Course Technology/Cengage Learning A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, 7e 49 Routers Figure 1727 A router stands betwee