【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 the nerves. [參考譯文 ] 我們生活在一種藥品 (毒品 )的醫(yī)學用途和社會用途都很廣泛的社會里： 一片用來止頭痛的阿斯匹林，一些用來社交的葡萄酒，早上自己提提神 所喝的咖啡，一支用來定神的香煙。 35. Dependence is marked first by an increased tolerance, with more and more of the substance required to produce the desired effect, and then by the appearance of unpleasant withdrawal symptoms when the substance is discontinued. [參考譯文 ] 對藥品的依賴性首先表現(xiàn)為不斷增長的耐藥量，要產(chǎn)生想得到的效果所 需要的藥品劑量越來越大，然后表現(xiàn)為當停止用藥后，令人不快的停藥 癥狀的出現(xiàn)。 36. Is this what you intended to acplish with your careers? Senator Robert Dole asked Time Warner executives last week. You have sold your souls, but must you corrupt our nation and threaten our children as well? [參考譯文 ] 上星期參議員羅博特多爾質(zhì)問時代華納公司的高級管理人員們： 難道這就是你們希望能夠成就的事業(yè) ?你們已經(jīng)出賣了自己的靈 魂，但是難道 你們還非要腐化我們的國家，威脅我們的孩子們嗎 ? 37. The test of any democratic society, he wrote in a Wall Street Journal column39。, lies not in how well it can control expression but in whether it gives freedom of thought and expression the widest possible latitude, however disputable or irritating the results may sometimes be... [參考譯文 ] 對任何一個民主社會的考驗， 他在《華爾街雜志》的一個專欄文章中 寫到，不在于它能夠多有效地控制各種意見的表達，而在于這個社會是 否能給予思考和表達的盡可能廣泛的自由，不管有時候這種結(jié)果是多么 的富有爭議或令人不快… 38. During the discussion of rock singing verses at last month39。s stockholders39。 meeting, Levin asserted that music is not the cause of society39。s ills and even cited his son, a teacher in the Bronx, New York, who uses rap to municate with students. [參考譯文 ] 在 上個月的股東大會上關(guān)于搖滾歌詞的討論中，萊文宣稱說： 音樂不是 社會問題的原因 ，他甚至還以他的兒子為例。他的兒子是紐 約州布朗克 斯的一個教師，并用說唱音樂與學生們進行溝通。 39. Much of the language used to describe moary policy, such as steering the economy to a soft landing of a touch on the brakes , makes it sound like a precise science. Nothing could be further from the truth. [參考譯文 ] 有很多用于描述貨幣政策的詞匯，例如 輕踩剎車 以 操縱經(jīng)濟軟著 陸 ，使貨幣政策聽起來像是一門精確的科學。沒有什么比這更遠離實際 情況的了。 40. Economists have been particularly surprised by favorable inflation figures in Britain and the United States, since, conventional measures suggest that both economies, and especially America39。s, have little productive slack. [參考譯文 ] 經(jīng)濟學家們對英國和美國的有利的通貨膨脹數(shù)據(jù)尤其感到驚訝，因為傳 統(tǒng)的計量方法顯示兩國的經(jīng)濟，特別是美國的經(jīng)濟，幾乎沒有生產(chǎn)蕭條 的時候。 41. The most thrilling explanation is, unfortunately, a little defective. Some economists argue that powerful structural changes in the world have upended the old economic models that were based upon the historical link between growth and inflation. [參考譯文 ] 很不幸，這最令人震驚的解釋有一點缺陷。一些經(jīng)濟學家認為世界經(jīng)濟 結(jié)構(gòu)的強有力的變化已經(jīng)結(jié)束了那個以經(jīng)濟增長和通貨膨脹的歷史關(guān)聯(lián) 為基礎(chǔ)的舊的經(jīng)濟模式。 42. The Aswan Dam, for example, stopped the Nile flooding but deprived Egypt of the fertile silt that floods leftall in return for a giant reservoir of disease which is now so full of silt that it barely generates electricity. [參考譯文 ] 例如，阿斯旺大壩使得尼羅河不再洪水泛濫，但是它也奪去了埃及以前 所享有的洪水留下的肥沃淤泥 這些換宋的就是這么個疾病滋生 的水 庫，現(xiàn)在這個水庫積滿了淤泥，幾乎不能發(fā)電了。 43. New ways of anizing the workplaceall that reengineering and downsizingare only one contribution to the overall productivity of an economy, which is driven by many other factors such as joint investment in equipment and machinery, new technology, and investment in education and training, [參考譯文 ] 企業(yè)重組的新方法 所有那些重新設計、縮小規(guī)模的做法 只是對 一個經(jīng)濟的整體生產(chǎn)力做出了一方面的貢獻。這種經(jīng)濟還受許多其他因 素的驅(qū)動，比如結(jié)合設備和機械上的投資、新技術(shù)，以及在教育和培訓 上的投資。 44. His colleague, Michael Beer, says that far too many panies have applied reengineering in a mechanistic fashion, chopping out costs without giving sufficient thought to longterm profitability. [參考譯文 ] 他的同事邁克爾比爾說，有太多的公司已經(jīng)用一種機械的方式實行公 司內(nèi)部的重新設計，在沒有充分考慮長期贏利的能力下削減了成本。 45. Defenders of science have also voiced their concerns at meetings such as The Flight from and Reason , held in New York City in 1995, and Science in the Age of (Mis) information, which assembled last June near Buffalo. [參考譯文 ] 科學衛(wèi)士們在會議上也表述了他們的關(guān)注，比如 1995 年在紐約市舉行的 逃離科學與理性 會議，以及去年 6月在布法羅附近召 開的 (錯誤 ) 信息時代的科學 會議。 46. A survey of news stories in 1996 reveals that the antiscience tag has been attached to many other groups as well, from authorities who advocated the elimination of the last remaining stocks of smallpox virus to Republicans who advocated decreased funding for basic research. [參考譯文 ] 一項關(guān)于 1996年新聞報道的調(diào)查顯示，反科學的標簽還可以貼在許多其 他團體身上，從提倡消滅最后存留的天花病毒的權(quán)威機構(gòu)，到鼓吹削減 基礎(chǔ)研究經(jīng)費的共和黨人 (都被貼上了反科學的標簽 )。 47. The 39。true enemies of science, argues Paul Ehrllch of Stanford University, a pioneer of environmental studies, are those who question the evidence supporting global warming, the depletion of the ozone layer and other consequences of industrial growth. [參考譯文 ] 環(huán)境研究的先驅(qū)、斯坦福大學的保羅厄爾里西認為，科學真正的敵人 是那些對支持全球變暖、臭氧層損耗以及工業(yè)發(fā)展的其他后果的證據(jù)提 出置疑的人。 48. This developmentand its strong implication for US politics and economy in years aheadhas enthroned the South as America39。s most densely populated region for the first time in the history of the nation39。s head counting. [參考譯文 ] 這種發(fā)展 以及其對美國政治、經(jīng)濟在未來幾年的潛在的強有力的影 響一一使得南部在全國人 口普查中有史以來首次成為美國人口最密集 的地區(qū)。 49. Often they chooseand still are choosingsomewhat colder climates such as Oregon, Idaho and Alaska in order to escape and other plagues of urbanization in the Golden State. [參考譯文 ] 他們常常選擇 現(xiàn)在依然這樣選擇 居住在那些氣候較為寒 冷的地 區(qū)， 比如俄勒岡、愛達荷，還有阿拉斯加，為的是逃避煙霧、犯罪， 以及 金州 (加利福尼亞 )城市化進程中的其他問題。 50. As a result, California39。s growth rate dropped during the 197039。s, to percentlittle more than two thirds the 196039。s growth figure and considerably below that of other Western states. [參考譯文 ] 結(jié)果，加利福尼亞的人口增長率在 20世紀 70年代時下降到了 18． 5％一 一稍高于 60年代增長率的三分之二，大大低于西部其他各州。 51. Unlike most of the world39。s volcanoes, they are not always found at the boundaries of the great drifting plates that make up the earth39。s surface。 on the contrary, many of them lie deep in the interior of a plate. [參考譯文 ] 跟世界上的大多數(shù)火山不同的是，它們 (熱點 )并不總是在由構(gòu)成地球 表面巨大漂流板塊之間的