【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 ses. C. Concrete, the Homeowner39。s Joy. D. Concrete, a Test of Character. E. How to Finish Concrete. Two of the main thoughts in this passage are (1) preparation of forms for the concrete must be thorough, and (2) forms must be allowed to remain on long enough. The third main idea is GENERALIZATION A. taking off forms beforehand will probably cause a crack in the body of the work. B. trying to make changes after concrete has been poured is not remended. C. mixing concrete properly will make it very hard and strong. D. keeping concrete from shrinking as much as possible is desirable. E. using as little water as possible is remended. In mixing concrete, one of the desires the amateur must resist is to SIGNIFICANCE A. break off a corner to see if the “green has gone. B. leave the form on too long. C. strip off the forms a day after the concrete has properly hardened. D. use too much water. E. use too little water. A human quality apparently not essential in someone who works with concrete is CONCLUSION A. carefulness. B. patience. C. selfcontrol. 7 D. sense of spatial relations. E. inventiveness. By the concrete being too green, the author means that the concrete has VOCABULARY A. bee discolored because of its contact with the wooden forms. B. bee cracked. C. not yet cured. D. not dried out. E. not settled in place. In instructing the reader in the intricacies of working with concrete, the author COMMUNICATION A. gives specific instances of concrete work that went wrong. TECHNIQUE B. allows the reader to find the solution to the problem from his own experience. C. overstates the dire consequences of an error. D. presents each problem and gives its solution. E. understates the things that may go wrong. 8 Passage 5 By learning the life cycle of insects, scientists have found ways to control insect pests. The scientists who study insects are called entomologists. Entomologists discover what an insect is like in each stage of its development, where it lives, and what it eats. From these facts, a plan for controlling the insect can often be worked out. For example, the eggs of the stalk borer are laid on the stems of wild plants in late summer and stay there all winter. They hatch in May or June, and then the larvae bore into the stems of the wild plants. Later, the larvae move on to cultivated plants, where they again bore into the stems. In August the larvae bee pupae in the stems of the cultivated plants. About three weeks later, they e out as adults and lay their eggs on wild plants. Burning the wild plants in late autumn or early spring greatly reduces the number of stalk borers that attack cultivated plants. Questions for Passage 5 This paragraph centers on SUBJECT MATTER A. the life cycles of insects. B. scientists39。 use of their life cycles to control insectpests. C. the life cycle of the stalk borer. D. the role of wild plants in the control of the stalk borer. E. the work of entomologists. Select the sentence which best summarizes the main idea of the passage. GENERALIZATION A. The scientists who study insects are called entomologists. B. Burning the wild plants in late autumn or early spring greatly reduces the number of stalk borers that attack cultivated plants. C. By learning the life cycle of insects, scientists have found ways to control insect pests. D. Entomologists discover what an insect is like in each state of its development, where it lives, and what it eats. E. The extent of the damage caused by insects can only be established by entomologists. Stalk borer adults appear DETAIL A. and lay their eggs in cultivated plants. B. on wild plants reached by them as pupae. C. on and bore into, stems of wild plants. D. on cultivated plants reached by them as larvae. E. from pupae in the stems of wild plants. The author describes the life cycle of the stalk borer to show COMMUNICATION A. that entomologists are scientific. TECHNIQUE B. how plicated are the stages of an insect39。s development. C. the relationship between wild and cultivated plants. D. why burning the wild plants in the late autumn or early spring will reduce the number of stalk borers. 9 E. how facts discovered about insects can be used to control them. 10 Passage 6 The soft pretzel, a lightly tanned delight, is quite distinct from its younger cousin, the hard and darker pretzel. Pretzel historians will tell you that this soft product originated in northern Italy about 600 . A monk used the leftover strips of dough after baking bread by crossing the ends in familiar loops which represented children’s arms folded in prayer. It was given to children who had learned their prayers as a little reward, or in Latin, pretiola. The idea then caught on ove