【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】
during the evening rush hour.正確的表達(dá)可以是:driving in the city during the evening rush hour is dangerous.misplaced modifier指的是被放錯(cuò)了位置的修飾語,這種句子不僅會(huì)拗口,而且可能引起歧義。如:at the age of five, my father started to teach me piano.正確的表達(dá)可以是:my father started to teach me piano when i was five.faulty parallelism指的是在并列結(jié)構(gòu)中所使用的語法結(jié)構(gòu)不一致。如:people should be judged not only by their words, but also by what they do.正確的表達(dá)可以是:people should be judged not only by their words, but also by their deeds.faulty subordination 指的是本該放在主句中的內(nèi)容放到了從句中,從而使本該收到強(qiáng)調(diào)的內(nèi)容并沒有受到強(qiáng)調(diào)。這種錯(cuò)誤對(duì)表達(dá)的準(zhǔn)確性上有很大的影響,但很多學(xué)生并沒有意識(shí)到這個(gè)問題,這在thesis statement和主題句中尤為重要。如,在討論面試的問題時(shí),如果我們把thesis statement寫成interview, which can benefit the modern society a lot, is being increasingly popular,很明顯就沒有強(qiáng)調(diào)應(yīng)該強(qiáng)調(diào)的內(nèi)容。這句話應(yīng)該寫成:interview, which is being increasingly popular, can benefit the modern society a lot.既然og中要求word choice should be appropriate(措辭貼切得體),如何才能做到呢?這里大多數(shù)同學(xué)都有一個(gè)誤解,認(rèn)為指的就是大量使用toefl甚至gre的詞匯,當(dāng)然,這些詞匯如果使用的正確固然是好的,但對(duì)于大多數(shù)同學(xué)來說,很多toefl/gre詞匯大家僅僅是認(rèn)識(shí),對(duì)于它們的搭配和感情色彩并不是很清楚,往往會(huì)鬧出“今天我含笑九泉”、“我們的班長(zhǎng)凡事都首當(dāng)其沖”之類的笑話。在托福獨(dú)立寫作中什么樣的詞匯才是appropriate或者說能到的一定的quality and plexity呢?在托福的評(píng)卷中,raters一方面會(huì)考慮同學(xué)們所使用的詞匯的長(zhǎng)度和復(fù)雜度,一方面會(huì)把考試文章中所使用的詞匯表達(dá)與語料庫(kù)中不同