信息管理系統(tǒng)外文資料翻譯-管理系統(tǒng)(編輯修改稿)
2025-02-24 07:28 本頁(yè)面
【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 s inputoutput device (usually a visual display terminal) is connected to the puter. The puter can be a personal puter serving only one user or a large puter that serves a number of users through terminals connected by munication lines. The user inputoutput device permits direct input of data and immediate output of results. For instance, a person using the puter interactively in financial planning poses “what if” questions by entering input at the terminal keyboard。 the results are displayed on the screen in a few second. The puterbased usermachine characteristics of an MIS affect the knowledge requirements of both system developer and system user. “puterbased” means that the designer of a management information system must have knowledge of puters and of their use in processing. The “usermachine” concept means the system designer should also understand the capabilities of humans as system ponents (as information processors) and the behavior of humans as users of information. Information system applications should not require users to be puter experts. However, users need to be able to specify their information requirements。 some understanding of puters, the nature of information, and its use in various management function aids users in this task. Integrated system Management information system typically provides the basis for integration of anizational information processing. Individual applications within information systems are developed for and by diverse sets of users. If there are no integrating processes and mechanisms, the individual applications may be inconsistent and inpatible. Data item may be specified differently and may not be patible across applications that use the same data. There may be redundant development of separate applications when actually a single application could serve more than one need. A user wanting to perform analysis using data from two different applications may find the task very difficult and sometimes impossible. The first step in integration of information system applications is an overall information system plan. Even though application systems are implemented one at a time, their design can be guided by the overall plan, which determines how they fit in with other functions. In essence, the information system is designed as a planed federation of small systems. Information system integration is also achieved through standards, guidelines, and procedures set by the MIS function. The enforcement of such standards and procedures permit diverse applications to share data, meet audit and control requirements, and be shares by multipl
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